HomeMy WebLinkAboutItem 06 - East Outfall Sanitary Sewer LineMEMO TO:
HONORABLE MAYOR AND MEMBERS OF THE CITY COUNCIL
FROM:
ROGER NELSON, CITY MANAGER
MEETING DATE: APRIL 20, 2004
SUBJECT: REPAIR SERVICES FOR THE EAST OUTFALL SANITARY
SEWER LINE
RECOMMENDATION:
City Council consider approval of the procurement of services for the repair of the East
Outfall sanitary sewer line from Insituform Technologies Inc. in the amount of
$292,090.50, authorize staff to execute the required documents and take any necessary
action.
FUNDING:
Funds are available in the Infiltration/Inflow project for needed sanitary sewer system
repairs.
Account 200-48940-534-5-000001 SW 1999 Utility Bonds
BACKGROUND:
The East Outfall sanitary line, constructed in 1994, is a combination of 24 inch, 30 inch
and 36 inch concrete pipe serving most of the area east of the wastewater treatment
plant on Shady Brook. In addition to collecting flows from gravity lines in the area, this
line also receives flows from the Denton Creek, Hilton, and Gaylord lift stations, which
are three of the largest in the City.
Several weeks ago the line collapsed in the vicinity of Dooley Street and Wildwood
Drive. City staff made emergency repairs and restored service. Investigation of the
failure revealed that the concrete pipe had deteriorated to the point of failure.
High levels of hydrogen sulfide gas released from the wastewater had degraded the
interior of the pipe. Failure of this type is unusual. The design life of the system was in
excess of 30 years and failure after 10 years was unexpected. Freese and Nichols was
immediately contacted and their investigation revealed that the pipe installed was the
pipe that was specified in the project. Inspection records indicated nothing unusual
during the installation.
April 14, 2004 (1:51 PM)
The pipe system was specifically designed to provide added protection from hydrogen
sulfide gas deterioration. The concrete pipe was designed with special aggregate and
additives and a one and one-half inch added wall thickness to protect against the
predicted deterioration. Ten years ago there were very few options in selecting a pipe
material and concrete pipe was the only viable alternative for a pipe system of this size.
Staff, with the assistance of Freese and Nichols Inc., investigated the failure to ascertain
the condition of the system and to identify the needed repairs. Additionally the
investigation will continue as to the reason for the accelerated deterioration of the pipe
and the possibility of legal recourse/recovery in the event material defect or
workmanship can be shown to be the cause of failure. Further failure of this line could
have catastrophic results and the need to repair the system is imperative.
Several repair processes were studied. Sliplining, pipe bursting, and cast -in-place liners
were evaluated. The cast -in-place liner was the best alternative. The liner is a
reinforced fiberglass resin, will restore the pipe to original condition and is immune to
hydrogen sulfide deterioration. Important benefits to this process are that the pipeline
carrying capacity will not be reduced, the construction period is very short, and service
through the line can be maintained during the construction process.
The cost for the repair is $292,090.50 and will be performed by Insituform Technologies
wt Inc. This procurement will be made under the Interlocal Cooperation Act, Chapter 791,
Texas Local Government Code that states that any entity participating through an
interlocal agreement satisfies any bidding requirements required under State law.
Council approved the interlocal agreement and participation in the Cooperative during
the Council meeting on September 18, 2001. This purchase will be made through the
Cooperative's e-commerce Internet Web site at www.buyboard.com.
Staff recommends approval of the procurement of repair services from Insituform
Technologies Inc. in the amount of $292,090.50.
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April 14, 2004 (1:51 PM)
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4055 International Plaza, Suite 200 Fort Worth, Texas 76109 817 735-7300 817 735-7491 fax www.freese.com
March 29, 2004
Mr. Matt Singleton Via Fax: 817-410-3051
Asst. Director of Public Works E-mail: malts@ci.grapevine.tx.us
City of Grapevine
501 Shady Brook Drive
Grapevine, TX 76051
RE: East Outfall Wastewater Sewer Rehabilitation
Dear Mr. Singleton:
The purpose of this letter is to update the City of Grapevine on the progress of our assessment
regarding the cause or causes contributing to the rapid deterioration in the 24 -inch and 16 -inch
segments of the East Outfall Sewer line.
Freese and Nichols is assisting the City in the development of a multiphase approach to assess and
recommend expeditious and economical rehabilitation for the 24- and 16 -inch sections of the East
Outfall Sewer line which have deteriorated. Concurrently, Freese and Nichols is assessing the cause
or causes which have contributed to the rapid deterioration of these segments. Freese and Nichols
will also develop long-term recommendations and assess the remaining segments of the pipeline.
In February 2004, the East Sewer Outfall experienced a section failure in the 24 -inch reinforced
concrete pipe (RCP), which the City repaired with a 24 -inch PVC pipe. During the repair, it was
noted by the City, that corrosion had occurred and the City videoed the entire length of the East
Outfall line. The East Outfall includes sections of 24 -inch RCP, 16 -inch ductile iron pipe (DIP), 30 -
inch RCP and 36 -inch RCP.
The video shows severe corrosion of the 24 -inch RCP and 16 -inch DIP. The condition of the 30 -inch
and the 36 -inch RCP sections do not show the same degree of corrosion.
The City requested that Freese and Nichols assess the problem and recommend remedial measures.
The most immediate concern is the remediation of the 24 -inch RCP and 16 -inch DIP. Freese and
Nichols is presently proceeding with the following assessment approach:
1. Assess and recommend remediation for the 24 -inch RCP and 16 -inch ductile iron pipe. As
part of this assessment, Freese and Nichols considered the following remediation methods:
a. Insituform (cured -in-place)
b. Pipe bursting
c. Slip lining
d. Open out
Mr. Matt Singleton
March 30, 2004
Page 2 of 3
A recommendation has been made to use an insituform system for the rehabilitation.
2. Assessment of the 30 -inch and 36 -inch RCP for determination of useful life is ongoing. Core
samples are being considered to assess the degree of corrosion.
Assessment of the original installation is being made. The original pipe was specified as a
sulfide resistant pipe. Specifications required that the pipe contain at least 75% limestone
aggregate, which is resistant to sulfide, Type -II hydrogen sulfide resistant cement, and
additional concrete cover to protect the reinforcing steel. The ductile iron pipe was specified
to have a polyurethane protective liner. A broken piece of the 24 -inch RCP was submitted to
Kleinfielder Testing Laboratories for petrographic examination of concrete samples. The
results of the petrographic examination of that concrete sample determined that the limestone
content of the total aggregate was estimated to be approximately 60%. That the
characteristics of the residual cement were consistent with a Type -II or a Type -V Portland
Cement. Evidence suggested that sulfate or other acid attack had caused deterioration and
paste loss on the inner surface of the pipe. A copy of the Kleinfielder report is attached.
4. Assess the cause or causes for the deterioration of the 24 -inch and 16 -inch pipe sections and
assess control measures for hydrogen sulfide within these sections.
BACKGROUND:
The East Outfall wastewater line, which runs from approximately Boyd Drive following Wildwood
Road to Peach Street adjacent to the wastewater treatment plant, was designed in 1993/1994. The
length, size and pipe material for each segment is shown in an attachment.
The design flows were taken from the City of Grapevine's wastewater collection system Master Plan
of 1985 prepared by Freese and Nichols, Inc.
The East Outfall main was designed for a design life of a minimum of 50 years. The City of
Grapevine provided inspection during construction and testing phases for the project and Freese and
Nichols provided design services and general representation during construction.
The pipes selected for the project was a modified reinforced concrete pipe with rubber gasket joints.
Non -corrosive pipe materials in the required sizes were not commercially available in the 1993/94
design period. The reinforced concrete pipe was specified to be modified for improved resistance to
hydrogen sulfide attack, per the standards for design of concrete pipe. The pipe' designwas modified
requiring the inside cage of reinforcement steel to have a minimum cover of 1 %2 -inches.' The pipe
design also was modified to specify sulfide resistant Type -II cement conforming to ASTM C-150.
The pipe was specified to have at least 75% limestone aggregate. Lifecycle calculations were
generated to determine predicted hydrogen sulfide corrosion by using the American Concrete Pipe
Association "Hydrogen sulfide and Corrosion Prediction Program." The program assessed the
average yearly rate of corrosion in the sanitary sewer system of unlined circular concrete pipe.
Conservative values were used for all chemical characteristics of the wastewater flow. Design flow
increments of 25, 50, 75, and 100 percent were analyzed to determine the most corrosive condition
for each segment of the pipe. A copy of the 1994 design report and corrosion prediction program is
attached. Wastewater characteristics were assumed to be a conservative value of BOD 5 -day of .300
Mr. Matt Singleton
March 30, 2004
Page 3 of 3
09 mg/1 at a temperature 32 ° centigrade. Recent wastewater collection system testing performed by the
Trinity River Authority on behalf of City of Grapevine, indicates that the BOD 5 -day at the Boyd
manhole was 180 mg/1 and dissolved hydrogen sulfide was <.1 mg/1.
Status update regarding the assessments:
1. Freese and Nichols has completed evaluation of rehabilitation options and has recommended
cured -in-place piping (insituform), this option provides for no reduction in pipe capacity and
is a non -corrosive material which provides for a minimal external disruption to surface
conditions. The operation is conducted without excavation and would involve minimal
disruptions for traffic control and sewer bypass pumping. A copy of the Opinion of Probable
Construction Cost for the alternatives considered is attached.
2. Assessment of installation and determination of cause or causes. Based upon the results of
the petrographic examination report, the pipe did not meet the minimum 75% limestone
aggregate specified. The report concludes that approximately 60% of the total aggregate is
limestone. An assessment is being conducted to determine the impact that this reduction in
limestone aggregate would have on the predicted design life for the pipe. The wastewater
characteristics of the one sample taken indicate that the wastewater strength is well within the
assumed wastewater characteristics used in the original predictive model. However,
additional testing may be warranted to determine if this is a representative sample or if the
system may experience occasionally higher levels of wastewater strength at higher
temperatures. The 1994 design for the outfall was based upon the City's 1985 Wastewater
Collection System Master Plan. At the time of the 1993/1994 design the Hilton Lift Station
force main had not been constructed. The accelerated deterioration could be a combination
of factors including the pipe material not meeting specifications, the formation and release of
hydrogen sulfide from the Hilton Force Main and/or other biological and chemical
constituents in the wastewater.
We trust that this provides the City with a status of our assessment to date regarding the East Outfall
sewer line. We will keep you updated as we proceed through the assessments. If you should have
any questions regarding this information, please advise.
Very truly yours,
Freese and Nichols, Inc.
Michael G. Morrison, P.E., DEE
Vice President
MAMGM\Grapevine pipe.doc
KLEINFELDER
An employee owned company
March 29, 2004
Project 41950
Mr. Coy M. Veach, P.E.
Freese and Nichols, Inc.
4055 International Plaza, Suite 200
Fort Worth, Texas 76109-4895
Subject: Concrete Pipe Examination
Storm Drain Line
Grapevine, Texas
Dear Mr. Veach:
As requested, the concrete petrographic examination has been completed for the referenced
project. The examination included a determination of the aggregate type and quantity, and the
cement type.
It is understood that the project specifications required a minimum 75 percent of limestone
aggregates and a Type II cement. Based on the results of the examination provided by Wiss,
Janney, Elstner (WJE), it appears that approximately 60 percent of the total aggregate is a
limestone and the cement type is consistent with either a Type II or V Portland cement. The
Petrographic Examination Report is attached for your review.
It was a pleasure to be of service to you on this project and we look forward to serving you on
future projects. Please contact us if you have any questions or comments.
Sincerely,
KLEINFELDER
Roy' . Grant, P.E.
Michael M. Shiflett, P.E.
Attachments:
Petrographic Examination of Concrete Sample — 4 pages
cc: Mr. Michael G. Morrison, P.E.
FW04LO57
Copyright 2004 Kleinfelder
Page 1 of 1
March 29, 2004
KLEINFELDER 6800 Manhattan Boulevard, Suite 200, Fort Worth, TX 76120 (817) 429-6692 (817) 429-7869 fax
WJEr NIC, I NT r r T's
AkCH ITECT5
I MATERIALS SCIENTISTS
CONCRETE PIPE
Petrographic Examination of a Concrete Sample
Fort Worth, Texas
Derek Cong, Ph.D.
Senior Petrographer
Final Report
26 March 2Q04
WJE No. 2004.1406
Prepared for.,
Kleinfelder
6800 Manhattan Boulevard, Suite 200.
Fort Worth, Texas 76120
Prepared by;
Wiss, Janney, Elstner Associates, Inc,
13581 Pond Springs Road #107
Austin, Texas 78729
512.835.0940 tel 1512.835.6268 fax
UNG INEERS
WJE � ARCHITECTS
A4s1TER1A1_i SCIENTISTS
CONCRETE PIPE
SamplePetrographic Examination of a Concrete
Fort Worth, Texas
INTRODUCTION
At the request of Roy Grant, P.E., of Kleinfelder located in Fort Words, Texas, Wiss, Janney, Elstner
Associates, Inc. (WJE) has performed a petrographic examination of one concrete sample reportedly
taken from a precast concrete pipe. The purpose of the investigation was to estimate the mix proportions
and general characterization of the concrete. Accordingly, the sample was examined using methods given
in ASTM C856, Standard Practice for Petrographic Examination of Hardened Concrete.
Based on the provided information, the specification required that the concrete contain at least 75 percent
limestone aggregates by weight of the total aggregate, and the use of Type II portland cement.
RESULTS
Sample
Received for the investigation was one curved piece of concrete measuring approximately 6 x 6 x 1-3/4
in. Both the inner and outer surfaces of the sample were eroded. Some fine aggregate particles were
slightly exposed on the outer surface and many coarse aggregate particles were exposed on the inner
surface. Imprints of steel wire were present on the inner surface of the sample, with no evidence of
corrosion.
The sample was cut parallel to the diameter of the pipe using a diamond blade rock saw. One of the saw -
cut surfaces was then lapped with progressively finer grinding media. The lapped sections and freshly
fractured surfaces induced in the laboratory were examined using a stereomicroscope at magnifications up
to 90X. Powder mounts of the paste were prepared and examined using a petrographic microscope at
magnifications up to 600X.
Petrographic Examination
Aggregate
The coarse aggregate was gravel having a nominal maximum size of 1/4 in. The gravel contained a major
amount of quartzite and limestone, and a minor amount of chert and feldspar. The fine aggregate was
natural sand that contained primarily quartz, limestone and feldspar. The aggregate was well graded,
uniformly distributed, and tightly bonded to the paste. The total limestone content was estimated to be
approximately sixty percent of the total aggregate.
Paste
The paste was dark gray, hard, dense, uniform, and had a semiconchoidal texture. Unhydrated and
residual Portland cement particles were abundant and predominately ferrite phases. The abundant ferrite
phase was consistent with a Type H or Type V portland cement. No supplementary cementitious
ENGINEERS
WJE ARCHITECT5
MKFERIALS SCIENTI rs
materials, such as fly ash or ground granulated blast furnace slag, were detected. Calcium hydroxide
crystals from the cement hydration were small and abundant.
Based on the compositional and textural characteristics of the paste, the water to cement ratio (w/c) of the
concrete was estimated to be in the range of 0.30 to 0.35. The cement content was estimated to be 7 to 7-
1/2 bags per cubic yard.
Air -Void System
The concrete was non -air -entrained and had an estimated air contents of 1 to 2 percent. Most voids were
large, irregular, and coated with a thin layer of ettringite, which indicates that the concrete had been
exposed to moisture.
Surface and Other Features
The exposed surfaces of the sample were eroded. The erosion on the outer surface was minimal and
appeared to be due to exposure to the environment. The erosion on the inner surface of the sample
appeared to be caused by sulfate attack or some other type of acid attack. A substantial amount of the
paste was lost and coarse aggregate particles were exposed. Silica gel was detected on the existing
surface, which was likely the end -product of the deterioration. In many cases of sulfate attack, there are
often layers of deteriorated paste that contained gypsum, ettringite and silica gel. Such a layer was barely
detectable in the sample and no gypsum or ettringite was detected on the exposed inner surface.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the petrographic examination, the concrete pipe represented by the sample was non -air -
entrained and contained siliceous and calcareous gravel coarse aggregate and natural siliceous and
calcareous sand fine aggregate. The limestone content in the total aggregate was estimated to be
approximately sixty percent. The w/c of the concrete was estimated to be in the range of 0.30 to 0.35 and
the cement content was estimated to be 7 to 7-1/2 bags per cubic yard. The characteristics of the residual
cement were consistent with a Type Il or Type V portland cement. The overall quality of the concrete
appeared to be very good.
Evidence suggested that sulfate attack or other acid attack had caused deterioration and paste loss on the
inner surface of the pipe.
NOTE: Samples will be discarded after three months unless other disposition is requested. Charges will be made
for storage after that period.
Concrete Pipe Final Report: 26 March 2004
Petrographic Examination of a Concrete Sample Page 2
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