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HomeMy WebLinkAbout3000 Grapevine Mills Mall - Fire Protection Code SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION 707 LAKE COOK ROAD • DEERFIELD, ILLINOIS 60015-4997 • PHONE (847) 272-8340 • FAX (847) 272-2639 WRITER'S EXTENSION! 284 October 13, 1999 Mr. Scott Williams - Building Official City of Grapevine OCT 19 1999 307 West Dallas Avenue Grapevine, TX 76099 Re: Building Code/Fire Protection Program for Grapevine Mills Program Registration No. 0010, Revision No. 6 SEC Project No. 1796008-055 Dear Mr. Williams: Enclosed is Revision No. 6 to the Building Code/Fire Protection Program for Grapevine Mills. This is not a comprehensive revision to the Program and is only intended to address means of egress for the building and specific major tenant criteria. Please insert replacement pages and discard old pages as follows: Discard Old Pages Insert New Pages Comments/Reason for Change p. 3 (Dated December 9, 1996) P. 3 (Revised October 1999) Reference to current codes/standards. P. 4 (Revised November 19, 1997) p. 4 (Revised October 1999) Fla and F1b separation criteria. P. 5, Figure 2 (Dated November 19, p. 5. Figure 2 (Revised October Revised per current operating lease 1997) 1999) plan. p. 7 (Dated December 9, 1996) P. 7 (Revised October 1999) Fla and F1b separation criteria. p. 10.1 (Revised July 7, 1997) p. 10.1 (Revised October 1999) Tenant corridor criteria. p. 21 (Revised January 15, 1997) p. 21 (Revised October 1999) Anchor B smoke control. p. 31 (Dated December 9, 1996) p. 31 (Revised October 1999) Revised per current operating lease plan. pp. 35-39 (Revised July 7, 1999) pp. 35-39 (Revised October 1999) Revised per current operating lease plan. p. 41, Figure 11 (Dated July 7, 1997) p. 41, Figure 11 (Revised October Revised per current operating lease 1999) plan. p. 42 (Revised July 7, 1997) p. 42 (Revised October 1999) Revised per current operating lease plan. p. 43, Figure 12 (Dated July 7, 1997) p. 43, Figure 12 (Revised October Revised per current operating lease 1999) plan. pp. 44, 45 (Revised July 7, 1997) pp. 44, 45 (Revised October 1999) Revised per current operating lease plan. P. 46, Figure 13 (Dated July 7, 1997) p. 46, Figure 13 (Revised October Revised per current operating lease 1999) plan p. A-5 (Revised November 19, 1997) p. A-5 (Revised October 1999) Fla and Fib separation criteria. p. A-15 (Revised January 15, 1997) p. A-15 (Revised October 1999) Anchor B smoke control. Fire Protection Engineering • Code Consulting • Loss Control • Security System Design Building Code/Fire Protection Program -2- October 13, 1999 Registration No. 0010, Revision No. 6 Please do not hesitate to call if you have any questions. Sincerely, SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION Sheldon S. Rucinski, P.E. ssr:am Enclosures P:\1996\1796008 GRAPEVINE MILLS\PROGRAMWPDATE6.doc SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION 707 LAKE COOK ROAD • DEERFIELD, ILLINOIS 60015-4997 • PHONE (847) 272-8340 • FAX (847) 272-2639 WRITER'S EXTENSION: 284 November 19, 1997 Mr. Scott Williams Building Official City of Grapevine 307 West Dallas Avenue Grapevine, TX 76099 Re: Building Code/Fire Protection Program for Grapevine Mills Program Registration No. 0010, Revision No. 5 Dear Mr. Williams: Enclosed is Revision No. 5 to the Building Code/Fire Protection Program for Grapevine Mills. Please insert replacement pages and discard old pages as follows: Discard Wd P.s, eg I insert New Logos CammentslReason for Change Page 2 (Figure 1, dated 12/09/96) Page 2 (Figure 1, dated 11/19197) Revised based upon current site plan. Page 4(dated 12/09/96) Page 4 (Revised 11/19/97) Text revised to reflect deletion of separation requirement for Group A-3 occupancies. Page 5 (Figure 2, dated 07107197) Page 5 (Figure 2, dated 11/19/97) Revised to reflect "as-built" conditions. Page 6 (Revised 07107/97) Page 6(Revised 11/19/97) Editorial Page 37 (Revised 07/07/97) Page 37 (Revised 11/19/97) Editorial Page 48 (Revised 07/07/97) Page 48 (Revised 11/19/97) Editorial Page A-5 (Dated 12/09/96) Page A-5(Revised 11/19197) Text revised to reflect deletion of separation requirement for Group A-3 occupancies. Page A-8 (Revised 07/07/97) Page A-8 (Revised 11/19/97) Editorial Pages C-2 and C-3 (Revised 09/24/97) Page C-2(Revised 11/19/97) Smoke control sequence revised based upon current ARJO drawings. N/A Insert after Page D-5—smoke Addition of smoke control acceptance control system acceptance test test reports witnessed by SEC. reports for base building and various tenants. Please do not hesitate to call if you have any questions. Sincerely, SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION y� Sheldon S. Rucinski, P.E. Enclosures G:\ENG\PROJECTS\1796008\PROGRAM\UPDATE5.LET Fire Protection Engineering • Code Consulting • Loss Control • Security System Design SCHI RAN ER ENGINEERING CORPORATION 707 LAKE COOK ROAD • DEERFIELD, ILLINOIS 60015-4997 A PHONE (847) 272-8340 • FAX (847) 272-2639 WRITER'S EXTENSION: 284 September 24, 1997 Mr. Raj Sharma Plans Examiner City of Grapevine P.O. Box 95104 Grapevine, TX 76099 Re: Building Code/Fire Protection Program for Grapevine Mills Program Registration No. 0037, Revision No. 4 Dear Mr. Sharma: Enclosed is Revision No. 4 to the Building Code/Fire Protection Program for Grapevine Mills. Please insert replacement pages and discard old pages as follows: Discard Old Pages Insert Now Pageti cmments/Reason for Chen e Page 16 (Figure 5, dated 07/07/97) Figure 5 (Revised 09/24/97) Revised based upon PLP-14 and as-built conditions Page 19 (Figure 6, dated 12/19/96) Figure 6 (Revised 09/24/97) Revised due to addition of dry pipe systems Page 22 (Figure 7, dated 12/09/96) Figure 7 (Revised 09/24/87) Revised based upon PLP-14 and as-built conditions Page 30 (Revised 03/19/97) Page 30 (Revised 09/24/97) Reflects actual seating for Food Court Page 32 (Revised 07/07/97) Page 32 (Revised 09/24/97) Reference to "Retail Management Spaces" Page 35 (Revised 07/07/97) Page 35 (Revised 09/24/97) Reference to PLP-14 Pages 38, 39 (Revised 07/07/97) Pages 38, 39 (Revised Revised exit calculations based upon 09/24/97) actual Food Court seating Appendix C, Page C-2 (Dated Appendix C, Pages C-2, C-3 Revised sequence of operations 12/09/96) (Revised 09/24/97) Please do not hesitate to call if you have any questions. Sincerely, SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION Sheldon S. Rucinski, P.E. Enclosures \\Schirmer\volt\DOCS\ENG\PROJECTS\1796008\PROGRAM\UPDATE4.let Fire Protection Engineering • Code Consulting • Loss Control • Security System Design SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION 707 LAKE COOK ROAD A DEERFIELD, ILLINOIS 60015-4997 • PHONE (847) 272-8340 A FAX (847) 272-2639 WRITER'S EXTENSION: 284 July 8, 1997 Mr. Scott Williams Building Official City of Grapevine 307 West Dallas Avenue Grapevine, TX 76099 Re: Building Code/Fire Protection Program for Grapevine Mills Program Registration No. 0010, Revision No. 3 Dear Mr. Williams: Enclosed is Revision No. 3 to the Building Code/Fire Protection Program for Grapevine Mills. Please insert replacement pages and discard old pages as follows: Discard old pa es Insert New.Pages Cemmams/Reason for change Page 5 (Figure 2, dated 01/23/97) 1 Figure 2 (Revised 07/07/97) PLP-14 Coordination Page 6 (Dated 12109/96) Page 6 (Revised 07/07/97) Group A, Division 2.1 Assembly Space Construction Page 10.1 (Dated 01/15/97) Page 10.1 (Revised 07/07/97) Editorial Page 16 (Figure 6, dated 12/09/96) Figure 5 (Revised 07/07/97) PLP-14 Coordination Page 32 (Dated 12/09/96) Page 32 (Revised 07/07/97) Editorial Pages 35-40, 42, 44, 45 (Dated Pages 36-40, 42, 44, 46 Revised Exit Calculations 12/09/96) (Revised 07/07/97) Page 41 (Figure 11, dated 12/09/96) Figure 11 (Revised 07/07/97) PLP-14 Coordination Page 43 (Figure 12, dated 12/09/96) Figure 12 (Revised 07/07/97) PLP-14 Coordination Page 46 (Figure 13, dated 12/09/96) Figure 13 (Revised 07/07197) PLP-14 Coordination Page 47 (Revised 03/19/97) Page 47 (Revised 07/07/97) Editorial Page 48 (Revised 03/19/97) Pa 2e 48 (Revised 07/07/97) Clarification of ADAAG Application Page A-3 (Dated 12/09/96) Page A-3 (Revised 07/07/97) Group A, Division 2.1 Assembly Space Construction Page A-7 (Revised 03/19/97) Page A-7 (Revised 07/07/97) Editorial Page A-8 (Dated 12/09/96) Pa 2e A-8 (Revised 07/07/97) Interior Finish Requirement Clarification Page A-14 (Revised 01/16/97) 1 Page A-14 (Revised 07/07/97) Editorial Please do not hesitate to call if you have any questions. Sincerely, SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION j Sheldon S. Rucinski, P.E. Enclosures G:\ENG\PROJECTS\1796008\PROGRAM\UPDATE3.LET Fire Protection Engineering A Code Consulting • Loss Control • Security System Design SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION 707 LAKE COOK ROAD • DEERFIELD, ILLINOIS 60015-4997 • PHONE (847) 272-8340 • FAX (847) 272-2639 WRITER'S EXTENSION: 284 March 19, 1997 \ Mr. Scott Williams u Building Official Q City of Grapevine f\(f 307 West Dallas Avenue Grapevine, TX 76099 Re: Building Code/Fire Protection Program for Grapevine Mills Program Registration No. 0010, Revision No. 2 Dear Mr. Williams: Enclosed is Revision No. 2 to the Building Code/Fire Protection Program for Grapevine Mills. Please insert replacement pages and discard old pages as follows: Discard Old Pages Insert Now Pages Commants/Reason for Chan e ii (dated December 9, 1996) ii (revised March 19, 1997) New table of contents N/A 10.2 (dated March 19, 1997) Mezzanine criteria 30 (revised January 15, 1997) 30 (revised March 19, 1997) Criteria addressing single exit tenant spaces 33 (dated December 9, 1996) 33 (revised March 19, 1997) "Tunnel type" corridor wall and ceiling construction type revised as agreed with City of Grapevine 47 (dated December 9, 1996) 47 (revised March 19, 1997) Public restroom door hold open criteria 48 (revised January 15, 1997) 48 (revised March 19, 1997) Editorial revisions 49 (dated December 9, 1996) 49 (revised March 19, 1997) Public restroom door hold o en criteria A-7 (dated December 9, 1996) A-7 (revised March 19, 1997) Mezzanine criteria Please do not hesitate to call if you have any questions. Sincerely, SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION i Sheldon S. Rucinski, P.E. Enclosures \\Schirmer\volt\DOCS\PROJECTS\1796008\PROGRAM\U2.DOC Fire Protection Engineering • Code Consulting • Loss Control Security System Design SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION 707 LAKE COOK ROAD • DEERFIELD, ILLINOIS 60015-4997 • PHONE (847) 272-8340 • FAX (847) 272 7639 WRITER'S EXTENSION: 284 January 24, 1997 Mr. Scott Williams Building Official City of Grapevine 307 West Dallas Avenue Grapevine, TX 76099 Re: Building Code/Fire Protection Program for Grapevine Mills Program Registration No. 0010, Revision No. 1 Dear Mr. Williams: Enclosed is Revision No. 1 to the Building Code/Fire Protection Program for Grapevine Mills. Please insert replacement pages and discard old pages as follows: Discard Old Pages Insert New Pages Comments/Reason for Change N/A Page ii (Table of Contents) Insert immediately following blank sheet after title page. N/A Page iii (List of Figures) Insert following new page ii. Page 5 (Figure 2, dated December Page 5 (Figure 2, dated Revised figure number and title. 9, 1996) January 23, 1997) Page 10 (dated December 9, Page 10 (revision date of Reference to fire resistance rated wall 1996) January 15, 1997) summary table. N/A Page 10.1 (revision date of Fire resistance rated wall and door January 15, 1997) summary table. Pages 21,24,26,27,29,30,48,A- 21,24,26,27,29,30,48,A-12,A- Editorial revisions. 12,A-14 (dated December 9, 14 (revision date of January 15, 1996) 1997) Pages A-15 through A-17 (dated A-15 through A-17 (revision date Text revised to require duct smoke December 9, 1996) of January 15, 1997) detection for all mall air handling units, re ardless of size. Pages D-2 through D-5 (dated D-2 and D-3 (revision date of Editorial revisions. December 9, 1996) January 15, 19971 N/A Anchor Design Criteria Insert at the end of-A endix E. Please do not hesitate to call if you have any questions. Sincerely, SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION Sheldon Z5. Rucinski, P.E. Enclosures RZOCS117960OMPROGRAKUPDATEi.DOC Fire Protection Engineering • Code Consulting • Loss Control • Security System Design BUILDING CODE/FIRE PROTECTION PROGRAM FOR GRAPEVINE MILLS GRAPEVINE, TEXAS NOTICE! Please complete the following information and return this form to Schirmer Engineering Corporation in the enclosed postage-paid envelope to ensure that you receive copies of updates to this program. Program Registration Number: 0010 Company Name Mr. Scott Williams, Building Official Attention City of Grapevine 307 W. Dallas Avenue Street Address Grapevine, TX 76099 City Phone: 817/481-0363 :ip Telephone Nurc Fax: 817/424-0545 PLEASE MAIL TO: Schirmer Engineering Corporation 707 Lake Cook Road Deerfield, IL 60015 Attention: Grapevine Mills Project Manager BUILDING CODE/FIRE PROTECTION PROGRAM© FOR a ,G t zr P--- i [ SEC PROJECT NO. 1796008-001 PREPARED BY SCHIRt1 ER ENGINEERING CORPORATION 707 Lake Cook Road Deerfield, Illinois 60015 Phone: (847) 272-8340 Fax: (847)272-2639 DECEMBER, 1996 Copyright 0 1996 by Schirmer Engineering Corporation Registration No. 0010 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................1 APPLICABLE CODES...........................................................................................3 BUILDINGFEATURES..........................................................................................4 Occupancy...............................................................................................4 Occupancy Separations .............................................................................4 ConstructionType.....................................................................................6 Tenant Separation Walls ............................................................................8 Other Rated Partitions ............................................................................. 10 Mezzanines ......................................................................................... 10.2 Automatic Sprinkler Protection.................................................................. 11 FireHose Outlets .................................................................................... 17 Fire Department Connections.................................................................... 17 FireHydrants.......................................................................................... 18 Backflow Prevention................................................................................ 18 FireExtinguishers....................................................................................20 Kitchen Cooking Equipment......................................................................20 Smoke Management Systems...................................................................20 ElectricalService ....................................................................................29 Meansof Egress .....................................................................................30 Occupant Load Calculations .....................................................................36 FireAlarm System ..................................................................................48 Miscellaneous Building Features ................................................................52 C014CLUSION ..................................................................................................53 APPENDIX A - SUMMARY OF FIRE PROTECTION/BUILDING CODE CRITERIA ......... A-1 APPENDIX B - FIRE MODELING DATA................................................................B-1 APPENDIX C - SMOKE CONTROL SYSTEM SEQUENCE OF OPERATION ................ C-1 APPENDIX D - SMOKE CONTROL SYSTEM TEST PROCEDURE AND ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA........................................................................ D-1 APPENDIX E - GRAPEVINE MILLS TENANT HANDBOOK .......................................E-1 APPENDIX F - CITY CORRESPONDENCE............................................................. F-1 SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - ii - December 9, 1996 Revised March 19, 1997 LIST OF FIGURES Page FIGURE1 - SITE PLAN ........................................................................................2 FIGURE 2 - FIRE RESISTANCE RATED PARTITIONS ................................................5 FIGURE 3 - AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEM DESIGN COMPARISON .................... 13 FIGURE 4 - TYPICAL TENANT/MALL SPRINKLER SYSTEM ZONE ARRANGEMENT .... 15 FIGURE 5 - AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEM ZONES ......................................... 16 FIGURE 6 - TYPICAL RISER ARRANGEMENT........................................................ 19 FIGURE 7 - SMOKE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM EQUIPMENT LOCATIONS...................22 FIGURE 8 - TYPICAL TENANT CEILING LAYOUT ..................................................23 FIGURE 9 - BUILDING SECTION..........................................................................28 FIGURE 10 - TUNNEL TYPE CORRIDOR DETAIL....................................................33 FIGURE 11 - EXITING CONCEPT BASED UPON GLA..............................................41 FIGURE 12 - TENANT SPACE EXITING CONCEPT .................................................43 FIGURE 13 - TRAVEL DISTANCE ANALYSIS ........................................................46 SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - iii - December 9, 1996 INTRODUCTION Grapevine Mills is a proposed value-oriented shopping center which will be located within the City of Grapevine, Texas, west of the intersection of State Highway 26, International Parkway and Anderson Gibson Road (Figure 1). The proposed construction of Grapevine Mills includes a single-story building of approximately 2.1 million sq.ft. housing numerous retail tenants, restaurants, a theater complex, and a food court. The design concept for Grapevine Mills differs from most other shopping mall centers and incorporates some unique features. The intent of the project is that the entire complex, consisting of the covered mall, tenant specialty spaces and majors, operate and appear as a single, one-story building. It is in the interest of the various mall tenants and major stores that they be merchandised and operated in this manner. Visual openness and free communication among stores are considered important for a successful retail mall. One of the unique features of Grapevine Mills is that the larger tenants, referred to as major stores, are integral with the covered mall building, including the fire protection, life/safety systems serving the facility. This design concept has been utilized in other Mills Corporation projects in Florida, Virginia and Ohio. It allows for long-term flexibility in the utilization of spaces while providing for more reliable life safety, fire protection, and code compliance over time. Because this type of structure presents unique opportunities from the standpoint of life safety, fire protection, and code compliance, Schirmer Engineering Corporation (SEC) has been retained by RTKL Associates, Inc. to prepare a Building Code/Fire Protection Program for this project. This report, the Building Code/Fire Protection Program for Grapevine Mills, presents an overview of the physical construction and operational features for the project, including construction type, exit requirements, fire suppression, smoke control, and fire alarm systems. Alternative design features, which may differ from those required by the applicable codes, are addressed with supporting rationale. This report has been modified to include additional issues and clarifications that resulted from discussions with jurisdictional authorities and serves as documentation for the approved methods. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 1 - December 9, 1996 At-t,I d 'it, ---------- .............. ............ M A,,;CIF F.TT t rl ffi RF 18 < 7 .1 7 Cf) if I IT HD "\M I L 'A of Tc-1) LC7 _J q 47, ri p LEOENIP lQ- b d FIRE HYDRANT LOCATION NOTE: DP-A4'4[N& BA5En:) UPON PLP05-02 AND NATIONAL SURVEY A ENGINEERING -- WATER MAIN 5Y5TEM PLAN. FIGURE I. SITE PLAN F APPLICABLE CODES The following have been identified as applicable codes for the Grapevine Mills project: • Uniform Building Code (UBC)., 1991 edition, as amended by the City of Grapevine • Uniform Mechanical Code (UMC), 1991 edition, as amended by the City of Grapevine • Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC), 1991 edition, as amended by the City of Grapevine • Uniform Fire Code (UFC), 1991 edition, as amended by the City of Grapevine • National Electrical Code (NEC), 1993 edition, as adopted by the City of Grapevine • Texas Accessibility Standards (TAS), effective April 1, 1994* *This standard has been certified by the U.S. Department of Justice as providing equivalent standards to that of the Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines. Note: Current editions, not listed above, of specific codes or standards will be applicable when permitting occurs after the effective date of the appropriate document. This will generally apply to certain major tenant spaces. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 3 - December 9, 1996 Revised October 1999 APPLICABLE CODES The following have been identified as applicable codes for the Grapevine Mills project: • Uniform Building Code (UBC), 1991 edition, as amended by the City of Grapevine • Uniform Mechanical Code (UMC), 1991 edition, as amended by the City of Grapevine • Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC), 1991 edition, as amended by the City of Grapevine Uniform Fire Code (UFC), 1991 edition, as amended by the City of Grapevine • National Electrical Code (NEC), 1993 edition, as adopted by the City of Grapevine * Texas Accessibility Standards (TAS), effective April 1, 1994* *This standard has been certified by the U.S. Department of Justice as providing equivalent standards to that of the Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines. l . SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 3 - December 9, 1996 BUILDING FEATURES Occupancy Under the 1991 UBC, the covered mall building is classified as a Group B, Division 2 (retail) occupancy with accessory Group A (assembly) occupancies. The proposed assembly occupancies consist of entertainment tenants, restaurants and a movie theater. These types of assembly occupancies are classified as Group A, Division 3 occupancies if the occupant load is less than 300 persons, or Group. A, Division 2.1 occupancies if the occupant load is 300 persons or more. For the theater area, actual seat counts will be used to determine the number of occupants. One occupant per 15 sq.ft. of net area will be used to determine the occupant load of restaurant-type dining areas. The mall area also includes a food court seating area. Although not specifically addressed by the applicable code, the actual seat count for the food court will be added to the mall occupant load, as discussed in the Means of Egress section of this report. Occupancy Separations Occupancy separations are required under the 1991 UBC between Group B, Division 2 and Group A, Division 3 occupancies, per Table 5-B as amended by the City of Grapevine. Should there be any Group A, Division 2.1 occupancies, a 1-hour fire resistance rated occupancy separation would be required between that occupancy and a Group B, Division 2 occupancy. As described in a later section of this report, however, 2-hour fire resistance rated separations will be provided to separate Group A, Division 2.1 occupancies from the remainder of the mall building. (See Figure 2 for an illustration of fire resistance rated partitions at Grapevine Mills.) Section 5605(b) of the UBC allows omission of protected openings at the main entrance between the mall and any tenant space which comprises a distinct occupancy. Individual tenant spaces comprised of two distinct occupancies will be provided with the required separations as described in the UBC or meet the more restrictive exiting and fire protection requirements of the occupancies present. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 4 - December 9, 1996 BUILDING FEATURES Occupancy Under the 1991 UBC, the covered mall building is classified as a Group B, Division 2 (retail) occupancy with accessory Group A (assembly) occupancies. The proposed assembly occupancies consist of entertainment tenants, restaurants and a movie theater. These types of assembly occupancies are classified as Group A, Division 3 occupancies if the occupant load is less than 300 persons, or Group A, Division 2.1 occupancies if the occupant load is 300 persons or more. For the theater area, actual seat counts will be used to determine the number of occupants. One occupant per 15 square feet of net area will be used to determine the occupant load of restaurant-type dining areas. The mall area also includes a food court seating area. Although not specifically addressed by the applicable code, the actual seat count for the food court will be added to the mall occupant load, as discussed in the Means of Egress section of this report. Occupancy Separations Occupancy separations are not required under the 1991 UBC between Group B, Division 2 and Group A, Division 3 occupancies. Should there be any Group A, Division 2.1 occupancies, a 1-hour fire resistance rated occupancy separation would be required between that occupancy and a Group B, Division 2 occupancy. As described in a later section of this report, however, 2-hour fire resistance rated separations will be provided to separate Group A, Division 2.1 occupancies from the remainder of the mall building. (See Figure 2 for an illustration of fire resistance rated partitions at Grapevine Mills.) Section 5605(b) of the UBC allows omission of protected openings at the main entrance between the mall and any tenant space which comprises a distinct occupancy. Individual tenant spaces comprised of two distinct occupancies will be provided with the required separations as described in the UBC or meet the more restrictive exiting and fire protection requirements of the occupancies present. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 4 - December 9, 1996 Revised November 19, 1997 t, BUILDING FEATURES Occupancy Under the 1991 UBC, the covered mall building is classified as a Group B, Division 2 (retail) occupancy with accessory Group A (assembly) occupancies. The proposed assembly occupancies consist of entertainment tenants, restaurants and a movie theater. These types of assembly occupancies are classified as Group A, Division 3 occupancies if the occupant load is less than 300 persons, or Group A, Division 2.1 occupancies if the occupant load is 300 persons or more. For the theater area, actual seat counts will be used to determine the number of occupants. One occupant per 15 square feet of net area will be used to determine the occupant load of restaurant-type dining areas. The mall area also includes a food court seating area. Although not specifically addressed by the applicable code, the actual seat count for the food court will be added to the mall occupant load, as discussed in the Means of Egress section of this report. Occupancy Separations Occupancy separations are not required under the 1991 UBC between Group B, Division 2 and Group A, Division 3 occupancies. Should there be any Group A, Division 2.1 occupancies, a 1-hour fire resistance rated occupancy separation would be required between that occupancy and a Group B, Division 2 occupancy. As described in a later section of this report, however, 2-hour fire resistance rated separations will be provided to separate Group A, Division 2.1 occupancies from the remainder of the mall building with the exception of Majors Fla and F1b. (See Figure 2 for an illustration of fire resistance rated partitions at Grapevine Mills.) Majors Fla and F1b will be provided with 1-hour fire resistance rated separations at Mainstreet with dual, cross-fed sprinkler water curtains provided at the roof level and at openings to Mainstreet. The remaining separations between these Major tenants and the rest of the building will be 2-hour fire resistance rated. Section 5605(b) of the UBC allows omission of protected openings at the main entrance between the mall and any tenant space which comprises a distinct occupancy. Individual tenant spaces comprised of two distinct occupancies will be provided with the required separations as described in the UBC or meet the more restrictive exiting and fire protection requirements of the occupancies present. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 4 - December 9, 1996 Revised October 1999 �v AACL 'o f 1108667 PALM ICE RETAIL N EREO PM BAS T Of E BUILDILDI(CONSIDERED RETAIL. ETNL. 1� FOR PURPOSES OF FIRE PROTECTION ENTRY 5 MO LIFE OR B) SYSTEMS, AND NOT ANCHOR B) Q O ENTRY 6 F2 cWIEL Q � RESTAURANT FOLLY sn SC7 9 GAMEWORKS 20002 uB ENTRY 4 D,Da 21223 T O i °a FOLLY ws F e (MEZZANINE 12400) AYERw WILDERNESS °e° co o a ar .Norm c B •„ JUST FOR WESTERN er r• m r r : n1 Fla MAJOR ' JE,KYLL d HYDE POLAR FEET WA 2E1U5 F • O ,EBY rk` 26691 L.I \ r N4 RODEO 82 FOOD COURT � MARS'.H{ ALL$ 29397 r j�l d B y r o runt ears m 1 . r men:°tlr nwnn er "'<� n +w FH r r r r r r a m a °' •n ' r ° '• • BURLINGTON A t R S COAT FACTORY IODID2 MERAME% +� + w VIRGIN FF RODE 1 0 0 22840 B MEGASTORE DR - # 27490 24203 b Al MAJOR r Iw +1 30124 Nr1+ ENTRY 1 rY r .r r r m ur nF m a N. m r m u a m r NTRY 3 BNNE _ BONNE, p Four THE PORTS MAJOR OFF" MIKASA BOOKS a RAIN OREST OLDANAYY GROUP BED BATH AUTHORITY 30062 SAKS FIFTH AVENUE A MILLION Q CAFE 23329 USA k BEYOND 48763 34982 ` 23978 22602 23257 40340 • — 0 ENTRY 2a TRY 28 pa D JCPENNEY . 29902 r BG2 " T OUTLET STORE I •-. ° FULLY Y �' B 106207 sca 00 LEGEND 1 HOUR PARTITION TO 12' AFF PMT OF A "TUNNEL TYPE' CORRIDOR I HOUR FULL HEIGHT (TO ROOF DECK) PARTITION FIGURE 2. GRAPEVINE MILLS FIRE RE515TANCE RATED PARTITIONS N.T.S. 2 HOUR PARTITION TO 12' AFF 3 HOUR FULL HEIGHT (TO ROOF DECK) PARTITION 1 HOUR PARTITION TO 12' AFT 2 HOUR FULL HEIGHT REV15m OEGEatBER IM1 INEMA 108667 ENTRY 5 NOR rour ENTRY fi p F2 6uwiE RESTAURANT iollr °O7 sC] GAMEWORKS 2000 °C° ENTRY 4 21223 (RE9ANINE I2AW) 0�°2 11 T0"o°u4Dr° scs C � ANEPo VALDERNESS c 1 .II A6 G , JUST FOR WESTERN I p p of Fla MAJOR PO .11 FEET WAREHOUS p p m JECKL t HYDE 28891 ' 82 I 20001 RODEO R3 u FOOD COURT IY' ,I. a ., YI �l"' .wocnurz rr a •a' MARS A LLS 29397 A BURLINGTON IGUANA o R _ COAT FACTORY MERAMEX ,A VIRGIN FF RODE 1 • 0 100102 22840 0 MEGASTORE DR -. . ' 27490 24206 '� _ 11. i- Cur { Al r o { IY Il. � � i. � In .I. .1 O µ µ 'µ lY ly µ la Y. � 111 ll. )♦ Y MAJOF NI. ENTRY I 'P� aC9RS YaLLTs a. . s m �' ar m m l a NTRY 3 NDNI THE PORTS MAJOR OR OFr 5TH MIKASA "' BOOKS RAINFOREST O 1� � r AUTHORITY 30062 SAKS FIFTH AVENUE A MILLION Q CAFE OL223329� GROUP BED BATH 46763 w 34982 23978 22602 23257 BEYOND 40 FFr 'o ENTRY 2A TRY 2B ° JCPENNEY °C2 o D TIXi sra °a OUTLET STORE sc1 I •r o rout uY 0 106207 �a LEGEND 1 HOUR PARTITION TO 12' AFF PARE OF A 'TUNNEL TYPE' CORRIDOR FIGURE 2. GRAPEVINE MILLS FIRE RESISTANCE RATED PARTITIONS f HOUR FULL HDGHE (TO ROOF DECK) PARTITION H.TA. 2 HOUR PARTITION TO 12' AFF 3 HOUR RU HEIGHT (TO ROOF DECK) PARTITION 1 HOUR PARTITION TO 12'AFF 2 HOUR FULL HEIGHT RI O TO II E CINEMAS 110,000 O ENTRY 5 O _ D GAMEWORKS 21,916 ° MAJOR B ENTRY 6 T YE27ANE[13500) RI UST FOR C AMERICAN ° 35.790 POLAR ICE FEET MAJOR - WILDERNESS ENTRY 4 H 71,486 19,916 19,920 f-. . a ffi 32,261 MARSHALLS (MERANINE 13,200) 30,005 ' 2 Q BURLINGTON R COAT FACTORY A 6 I� 9 0655 FUTURE T R s 69,431 2 _ VIRGIN FF RODE _ MEGASTORE DR t 'y 27,494 24,211 •� " 9 P, - ATHLETE'S z FOOT g 8 15,522 ENTRY/ G D a i uu9tiT 9 p N 7 9 x M 862 s = u gN 5 THE SPORTS FASHION .1 1 KASA BOOKS FASHION L E RY 3 AUTHORITY 3o,9s2 $ 1ssIa I A MILLION RAINFOREST 23,165 l8,1Q OFF 5TH 23,619 CAFE USA K 22,x9 BED BATH SAKS FlFTN AVENUE -. 3!,981 d: BEYOND JCP LET STORE ENTRY ZA ENTRY 28 D � 1086,,697 697 , 40,397 OUT i LEGEND 1 HOUR PARTITION TO 12' AFF PART OF A 'RUNNEL TYPE' CORRIDOR 1 HOUR FULL HEIGHT (TO ROOF DECK) PARTITION FIGURE 2. GRAPEVINE MILLS FIRE RE5151ANOE RATED PARTITIONS KTA. - 2 HOUR PARTITION TO 12'AFF 3 HOUR FULL HEIGHT(TO ROOF DECK) PARTITION 1 HOUR PARTITION TO 12'AFF 2 HOUR NLL HEIGHT II-N41 E CINEMAS N 0,000 O ENTRY 5 O D GAMEWORKS 21,016 T MEZZANINE 13,500) Fl n MAJOR B ENTRY 8 UST FOR C AMERICAN G 35,790 ENTRY 1 H POLAR ICE FEET MAJOR 71,486 19,918 19,920 q 32,261 MARSHALLS (MEZZANINE 13,200) '" I 30,005 I x? BURLINGTON 9 9 1 3 COAT OFACTORY FUTURE 5 A & R Q 3 / 69,431 8 = VIRGIN FF RODE MEGASTORE DR 2 .. ........ 27,491 21.211 �� T WH E E'S ° 15,522 ENTRY 5 8 P e i M e N 5 0 = tt E 5 BOOKS L THE SPORTS FASHION $ iss18A A MILLION RAINFOREST FASHION GROUP E RY 3 AUTHORITY 3o,a62 Ie,u7 OFF 5TH 23,e19 CAFE USA K I I SAKS FIFTH AVENUE 22,319 23,273 BED BATH 31.981 k BEYOND JCPENNEY ENTRY 2A ENTRY 28 40.397 OUTLE'. STORE 108,697 I I I I L_ _ _ J LEGEND 1 HOUR PARTRION TO 12' AFF PART OF A'TUNNEL TYPE' CORRIDOR FIGURE 2. GRAFF\/INE MILLS FIRE RE515TANGE RATED FARTITIONS 1 HOUR FULL HEIGHT (TO ROOF DECK) PAHIRION TITS. 2 HOUR PARTITION TO 12' AFT 3 HOUR NLL HEIGHT (TO ROOF DECK) PARTITION 1 HOUR PARTITION TO 12' AFF 2 HOUR FULL HEIGHT 7-T-TI I E UNITED ARTISTS 70,113 F2 D ; IMAX GAMEWORKS, 12,504 \ 20,000 �"'°"`"""" F1 B2 AMERICAN G MAJOR C , 35.032"•,} WILDERNESS S 16,371 H MAJOR .. .. 19,00 TJ MAXX B1 i S ,._.� 35,D16 KITRE'S 112,529 II I I BURLINGTON II COAT FACTORY 100,020 VIRGIN V F� RECORDS F RODE A 25,256 DRIVE FUTURE 5.733 37,292 .,?" r U g R Q P M T FASHION OFF 5TH MIKASA BOOKS N FASHION L K SPORTS FUTURE 17,327 SAKS FIFTH AVENU 16,634 22,809 4PAINFOREST CAF' 1„870 GROUP USA BED BATH 45,077 16,180 35,100 ly 22,338 23.509 k BEYOND 39,989 j P J J D JC PENNEY \� OUTLET STORE 105,011 ." G AN M'S 0, 88 OUTDOORS 25,361 LEGEND 1 HOUR PARTNION TO 12' AFF PART OF A'TUNNEL TYPE CORRIDOR 1 HOUR FULL HEIGHT (TO ROOF DECK) PARTITION FIGURE II. GRAPEVINE MILLS EXITING CONCEPT BASED UPON GLA UTZ. 2 HOUR FULL HEIGHT (TO ROOF DECK) PARTITION 3 HOUR FULL HEIGHT (TO ROOF DECK) PARTTION 1 HOUR PARTTION TO 12' AFF 2 HOUR PARROON TO 12' AFF 12AA6 Construction Type Grapevine Mills is considered an "unlimited area" building which may be of any construction type permitted by the UBC [Sec. 5602(a)]. In order to be of unlimited area, the covered mall building must consist of a maximum of two levels and be provided with a minimum 60-foot width of open space around the entire building [(Sec. 5602(b)]. Courts and exit courts will exist that are less than 60 feet in width. However, the 60-foot open area is maintained at the outer boundary of each court.Although the UBC would permit wood construction, noncombustible construction will be generally used. This will assist in limiting the fuel loading should a fire occur and eliminates the potential for combustible concealed spaces. As a Type II-N building, the amount of Grctip B, Division 2ioccupancy is unlimited. The total area of accessory occupancies (occupancies other tha( Group B, Division 2) is limited to a maximum of 25% of the gross leasable area [Sec. 5605(a)] and 3 times the basic area permitted by Table 5-C of the UBC for the type of construction permitted. For Group A, Division 3 occupancies, a aximium of 27,300 sq.ft, is permitted for each accessory use. Unprotected roof framin is permitted in one-story portions of Type II, 1-hour construction for a'-Q�roup A, Division 3 assembly area that is open to the roof framing system and when there are no concealed spaces within the roof framing system. With Type II-N construction, Table 5-C of the UBC indicates that Group A, Division 2.1 occupancies are "not permitted." The overall area of certain major tenants with predominate assembly use (Group A, Division 3 and Division 2.1) will exceed the 27,300 sq.ft. limit. This would include the movie theater complex, entertainment, and restaurant tenants. The theater complex will likely be subdivided into several smaller theaters. As the entire project will be built and function as one building, it is necessary to develop a program that addresses the potential use of large assembly areas while maintaining a reasonable level of safety, as intended by the UBC. The following program is provided for the Group A, Division 2.1 occupancy tenants: 1. The entire project is Type II-N construction. Single story tenant spaces of Group A, Division 2.1 occupancies will also be Type II-N noncombustible construction. Multiple level tenant spaces of Group A, Division 2.1 occupancy will be Type II 1- hour construction, as agreed upon with the City of Grapevine. } SEC Project No. 1796005-001 - 6 - December 9, 1996 Construction Type Grapevine Mills is considered an "unlimited area" building which may be of any construction type permitted by the UBC [Sec. 5602(a)]. In order to be of unlimited area, the covered mall building must consist of a maximum of two levels and be provided with a minimum 60-foot width of open space around the entire building [(Sec. 5602(b)]. Courts and exit courts will exist that are less than 60 feet in width. However, the 60-foot open area is maintained at the outer boundary of each court. Although the UBC would permit wood construction, noncombustible construction will be generally used. This will assist in limiting the fuel loading should a fire occur and eliminates the potential for combustible concealed spaces. As a Type II-N building, the amount of Group B, Division 2 occupancy is unlimited. The total area of accessory occupancies (occupancies other than Group B, Division 2) is limited to a maximum of 25% of the gross leasable area [Sec. 5605(a)] and 3 times the basic area permitted by Table 5-C of the UBC for the type of construction permitted. For Group A, Division 3 occupancies, a maximum of 27,300 square feet. is permitted for each accessory use. Unprotected roof framing is permitted in one-story portions of Type II, 1-hour construction for a Group A, Division 3 assembly area that is open to the roof framing system and when there are no concealed spaces within the roof framing system. With Type II-N construction, Table 5-C of the UBC indicates that Group A, Division 2.1 occupancies are "not permitted." The overall area of certain major tenants with predominate assembly use (Group A, Division 3 and Division 2.1 ) will exceed the 27,300 square foot. limit. This would include the movie theater complex, entertainment, and restaurant tenants. The theater complex will likely be subdivided into several smaller theaters. As the entire project will be built and function as one building, it is necessary to develop a program that addresses the potential use of large assembly areas while maintaining a reasonable level of safety, as intended by the UBC. The following program is provided for the Group A, Division 2.1 occupancy tenants: 1 . The entire project is Type II-N construction. Group A, Division 2.1 (Assembly) occupancies will be of Type II 1-hour construction, regardless of the number of stories, as agreed upon with the City of Grapevine. Y, J.y :_ 1_.- a SEC Project No. 1796008-001 6 - December 9, 1996 Revised July 7, 1997 Construction Type Grapevine Mills is considered an "unlimited area" building which may be of any construction type permitted by the UBC [Sec. 5602(a)]. In order to be of unlimited area, the covered mall building must consist of a maximum of two levels and be provided with a minimum 60-foot width of open space around the entire building [(Sec. 5602(b)]. Courts and exit courts will exist that are less than 60 feet in width. However, the 60-foot open area is maintained at the outer boundary of each court. Although the UBC would permit wood construction, noncombustible construction will be generally used. This will assist in limiting the fuel loading should a fire occur and eliminates the potential for combustible concealed spaces. As a Type II-N building, the amount of Group B, Division 2 occupancy is unlimited. The total area of accessory occupancies (occupancies other than Group B, Division 2) is limited to a maximum of 25% of the gross leasable area [Sec. 5605(a)] and 3 times the basic area permitted by Table 5-C of the UBC for the type of construction permitted. For Group A, Division 3 occupancies, a maximum of 27,300 square feet is permitted for each accessory use. Unprotected roof framing is permitted in one-story portions of Type fl, 1-hour construction for a Group A, Division 3 assembly area that is open to the roof framing system and when there are no concealed spaces within the roof framing system. With Type II-N construction, Table 5-C of the UBC indicates that Group A, Division 2.1 occupancies are "not permitted." The overall area of certain major tenants with predominate assembly use (Group A, Division 3 and Division 2.1) will exceed the 27,300 square foot limit. This would include the movie theater complex, entertainment, and restaurant tenants. The theater complex will likely be subdivided into several smaller theaters. As the entire project will be built and function as one building, it is necessary to develop a program that addresses the potential use of large assembly areas while maintaining a reasonable level of safety, as intended by the UBC. The following program is provided for the Group A, Division 2.1 occupancy tenants: 1 . The entire project is Type II-N construction. Group A, Division 2.1 (Assembly) occupancies will be of Type II 1-hour construction, regardless of the number of stories, as agreed upon with the City of Grapevine. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 6 - December 9, 1996 Revised November 19, 1997 2. The entire project is to be protected by electrically supervised automatic sprinkler systems, itself providing a high level of life safety as demonstrated by fire loss statistics. 3. An appropriate fire alarm system will be provided for the assembly occupancies. Group A, Division 2.1 occupancies will have an automatic voice-type fire alarm system as described in a later section of this report. 4. Although a 1-hour occupancy separation is required by Table 5-13 of the UBC (as amended), a 2-hour separation wall will be provided between the major assembly (A- 2.1) tenants and the remainder of the mall with the exception of Majors Fla and F1 b. Refer to Figure 2 for an illustration of fire resistance rated partitions at Grapevine Mills. This is regardless of the construction type of the tenant. In addition, although not required by code, a dual-fed water curtain will be provided as opening protection between the mall pedestrian area and the tenant. Majors Fla and F1b will provide a 1-hour fire resistance rated separation at Mainstreet with water curtain protection at openings and at the roof level. A 2-hour separation will be provided for the remainder of each space. A water curtain will be located on both sides of the communicating openings and will consist of sprinklers located 6 feet on center. The water curtain on the tenant side of the opening will be supplied from the mall sprinkler system. The water curtain on the mall side of the opening will be supplied from the tenant sprinkler system. This double water curtain arrangement maintains a high level of reliability that one water curtain will be in service, even if either the mall's or tenant's sprinkler system is out of service. Each water curtain will be hydraulically designed to provide a minimum of 3 gpm per lineal foot of opening (18 gpm per sprinkler) in accordance with National Fire Protection Association Standard 13 - 1989, as referenced by UBC Standard 38-1 . 5. A smoke control system will be provided within major assembly tenant (Group A, Division 2.1) spaces. The system will be of a similar design to that of the covered mall. 6. An exiting system will be provided that will be evaluated with dynamic exit models in order to provide reasonable assurance that safe egress from each assembly area will be available to the occupants before the on-set of life threatening conditions and structural failure. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 7 - December 9, 1996 Revised October 1999 2. The entire project is to be protected by electrically supervised automatic sprinkler systems, itself providing a high level of life safety as demonstrated by fire loss statistics. 3. An appropriate fire alarm system will be provided for the assembly occupancies. Group A, Division 2.1 occupancies will have an automatic voice-type fire alarm system as described in a later section of this report. 4. Although a 1-hour occupancy separation is required by Table 5-B of the UBC (as amended), a 2-hour separation wall will be provided between the major assembly (A-2.1) tenants and the remainder of the mall. Refer to Figure 2 for an illustration of fire resistance rated partitions at Grapevine Mills. This is regardless of the construction type of the tenant. In addition, although not required by code a dual- fed water curtain will be provided as opening protection between the mall pedestrian area and the tenant. A water curtain will be located on both sides of the communicating openings and will consist of sprinklers located 6 feet on center. The water curtain on the tenant side of the opening will be supplied from the mall sprinkler system. The water curtain on the mall side of the opening will be supplied from the tenant sprinkler system. This double water curtain arrangement maintains a high level of reliability that one water curtain will be in service, even if either the mall's or tenant's sprinkler system is out of service. Each water curtain will be hydraulically designed to provide a minimum of 3 gpm per lineal foot of opening (18 gpm per sprinkler) in accordance with National Fire Protection Association Standard 13 - 1989, as referenced by UBC Standard 38-1 . 5. A smoke control system will be provided within major assembly tenant (Group A, Division 2.1) spaces. The system will be of a similar design to that of the covered mall. 6. An exiting system will be provided that will be evaluated with dynamic exit models in order to provide reasonable assurance that safe egress from each assembly area will be available to the occupants before the on-set of life threatening conditions and structural failure. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 7 - December 9, 1996 The intent of the code is to provide protection to the occupants of the assembly area, permitting their ability to safely evacuate the building in the event of a fire originating in either the adjacent retail use or within the assembly area itself. The program addresses this concern. The City of Grapevine authorities have indicated their approval of this concept. A unique situation also occurs with the food court seating area. UBC Section 601 defines Group A, Division 2.1 occupancies as assembly areas having an occupant load of more than 300 people. Therefore, the food court seating area may be classed as such, technically requiring a one-hour separation from the retail uses, per Table 5-B of the UBC. Occupants in the seating area are the same occupants walking in the common mall space. Therefore, occupants constitute no more of a hazard than they do walking around the mall. In addition, unlike a theater, the food court is open (i.e., not a confined tenant space), with ample lighting which permits (1) multiple paths of travel for occupants to get away from a hazard and (2) wide visual perspective of the area by the occupants so as to notice the onset of hazardous conditions. Recent changes to the UBC recognize food courts as an integral part of the mall building and do not require an occupancy separation. Therefore, no special features are proposed. Exit courts, located at various points along the perimeter of the building, will be constructed in accordance with UBC Section 3311 (d). For courts less than 10 feet in width, the walls of the court will be of one hour fire resistive construction for a minimum distance of 10 feet above the floor of the court. Openings in exit court walls less than 10 feet in width will be protected with assemblies having a fire resistance rating of %-hour. Tenant Separation Walls The Grapevine Mills project incorporates tenant demising walls consisting of metal studs extending to the roof deck with 5/8" Type X gypsum wallboard on each side of the studs (1-hour construction), to a height of 12 feet. This leaves open metal stud framing above the 12-foot wall level to the bottom of the roof deck. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 8 - December 9, 1996 Most tenant spaces will not have full or solid ceilings in the spaces. A "ceiling plane" consisting of decorative channels or an open grid arrangement may be installed in the tenant space. A noncombustible open-wire security mesh, fastened to the tenant separation wall studs, may be installed from the "ceiling plane" to the roof at the tenant's option. Tenants will not be permitted to install or store anything above 12 feet above the finished floor which will interfere with the base building sprinkler coverage, including partitions, ducts, equipment, merchandise, etc., without special considerations. When it is necessary to install a ceiling, equipment or ductwork, etc., that would create an obstruction to the overhead sprinkler discharge pattern, adequate sprinkler protection will be provided below such obstructions per NFPA 13. Any tenant demising walls installed 1 above the 12-foot level will be required to be at least 60% open to permit proper operation of the smoke control system. The above criteria are not intended to preclude the installation of tenant ceilings above the 12 foot level as long as the ceilings meet the criteria set forth for areas where tenant Lynii�e ceilings are installed and do not interfere with the overhead sprinkler system coverage. II The method of tenant separation is an essential element of the building's smoke control system which is outlined in greater detail in this report. Termination of the tenants' separation walls at a 12-foot height contributes to the building's smoke control system, as verified by computer-based fire models, as follows: • Partial-height partitions allow smoke to rise to the building roof and dissipate along the roof surface, well above the level of occupants. • Unrestricted by tenant partition walls, the smoke and gases produced by a fire are more diluted and cooled as a result of their movement into the large volume space. • The development of a life threatening smoke/fire condition in any space is reduced by omitting the full height partitions. The omission of full height partitions precludes the more rapid build-up of heat and smoke conditions which would otherwise concentrate in a single tenant space enclosed with a ceiling and/or full height fire partitions. • In the unlikely occurrence of an inoperative sprinkler system, the risk of "flashover" is greatly reduced and the risk of major structural failure is significantly lessened. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 9 - December 9, 1996 The tenant separation concept for Grapevine Mills is an alternative design concept that differs from the separation requirements of UBC Section 5603(e). This section requires that each tenant be separated from adjacent tenants by a 1-hour fire resistance rated partition which extends to the ceiling. This protection is not required above the ceiling. In addition, the ceiling within the tenant space is not required to be fire resistive. At Grapevine Mills, the typical tenant space will not have a ceiling. This proposed concept has been approved by the City of Grapevine as an alternate method of construction for this project. Other Rated Partitions Other rated partitions in the building will include the walls surrounding main electrical equipment rooms. Due to the nature of the content of the rooms, they bi lIe unsprinklered. These rooms will be separated from the remainder of the building by 3-hour fire resistance rated walls to the roof deck or to a rated floor-ceiling assembly. In addition, the rooms will have smoke detectors connected to the building fire alarm system. The four sprinkler valve rooms serving the mall will be separated from the remainder of the building by 1-hour fire resistance rated walls extending to the roof deck. These rooms will also be protected by automatic sprinklers. Special protection features are to be provided for the normally unoccupied rooms adjoining and accessible via the exit passageways. While a common practice in covered mall buildings, the UBC has not yet recognized these rooms as a special condition for covered mall buildings. Therefore, the City of Grapevine has agreed to special criteria for such rooms. These rooms are to have walls of 2-hour fire resistance rated construction to a height of 12 ft. and 1-hour fire resistance rated ceilings which are to have 10% open area to allow gravity venting of smoke into the upper building volume where it will eventually be exhausted. Doors to such rooms are to be 11/2 hour rated, self-closing and gasketed. These rooms will also be protected by automatic sprinklers and smoke detectors connected to the building's fire alarm system. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 10 - December 9, 1996 The tenant separation concept for Grapevine p p Mills is an alternative design concept that differs from the separation requirements of UBC Section 5603(e). This section requires that each tenant be separated from adjacent tenants by a 1-hour fire resistance rated partition which extends to the ceiling. This protection is not required above the ceiling. In addition, the ceiling within the tenant space is not required to be fire resistive. At Grapevine Mills, the typical tenant space will not have a ceiling. This proposed concept has been approved by the City of Grapevine as an alternate method of construction for this project. Other Rated Partitions Other rated partitions in the building will include the walls surrounding main electrical equipment rooms. Due to the nature of the content of the rooms, they will be unsprinklered. These rooms will be separated from the remainder of the building by 3-hour fire resistance rated walls to the roof deck or to a rated floor-ceiling assembly. In addition, the rooms will have smoke detectors connected to the building fire alarm system. The four sprinkler valve rooms serving the mall will be separated from the remainder of the building by 1-hour fire resistance rated walls extending to the roof deck. These rooms will also be protected by automatic sprinklers. Special protection features are to be provided for the normally unoccupied roams adjoining and accessible via the exit passageways. While a common practice in covered mall buildings, the UBC has not yet recognized these rooms as a special condition for covered mall buildings. Therefore, the City of Grapevine has agreed to special criteria for such rooms. These rooms are to have walls of 2-hour fire resistance rated construction to a height of 12 ft. and 1-hour fire resistance rated ceilings which are to have 10% open area to allow gravity venting of smoke into the upper building volume where it will eventually be exhausted. Doors to such rooms are to be 11/2 hour rated, self-closing and gasketed. These rooms will also be protected by automatic sprinklers and smoke detectors connected to the building's fire alarm system. Refer to Table A for a summary of fire resistance rated separations and associated door assemblies. V� SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 10 - December 9, 1996 Revised January 15, 1997 TABLE A FIRE RESISTANCE RATED SEPARATION SUMMARY' Fire Resistance Fire Resistance Rating of Door Separation Type/Location Rating of Separation Assembly Retail/Small Assembly (Div. 3) 1 Hour [Table 5-B2] 1 Hour, self- or automatic closing 1503(c)(4), 4306(f)Bl Retail/Large Assembly (Div. 2.1) 2 Hour [Program] 1 %2 Hour, self- or automatic closing [503(c)3, 4306(f)B] Retail Tenant/Exit Passageway 1 Hour [3312(a)] 1 Hour, self- or automatic closing [5604(f)] Retail Tenant/Service Corridor 1 Hour [3305(g)] % Hour, self- or automatic closing [3312(a)] Electrical Switchgear and 3 Hour [Program] 3 Hour, automatic closing Transformer Rooms 1503(c)2, 4306(f)A] Electrical, Telephone Equipment 2 Hour [Program] 1 % Hour, gasketed, self- or Rooms, and Service Areas automatic closing [Program] Fronting on Exit Pa.,;-,;aapwnvq Cross Corridor Doors Between 1 Hour [3312(a)] % Hour, self- or automatic Service Corridor and Exit closing [3312(a) , 4306(f)C] Passageway Secondary Exit Corridors Within 1 Hour [3205(g)] 1 Hour, self- or automatic closing Tenant Spaces [5604(f)] Mall Pedestrian Area/Exit 1 Hour [3312(a)] % Hour, self- or automatic Passageway closing [3312(a), 4306(f)B] Mail Pedestrian Area/Service 1 Hour [3305(g)] % Hour, self- or automatic Corridor closing [3312(a), 4306(f)B] Central Toilets/Exit Passageway 1 Hour 20 min., self or automatic closing° 'All references are to the 1991 edition of the Uniform Building Code, unless otherwise noted. "Program" references are to the Building Code/Fire Protection Program for Grapevine Mills. 2 A amended by the City of Grapevine. 3Doors are not required at the interface between the mall pedestrian area and the corridors serving central toilet rooms. 4 A agreed with the City of Grapevine. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 10.1 - January 15, 1997 Revised October 1999 TABLE A FIRE RESISTANCE RATED SEPARATION SUMMARY' Fire Resistance Fire Resistance Rating of Door Separation Type/Location Rating of Separation Assembly Retail/Small Assembly (Div. 3) 1 Hour (Table 5 B ] 1 Hour, self- or automatic closing (503(c)(4), 4306(f)B] Retail/Large Assembly (Div. 2.1) 2 Hour [Program] 1 %: Hour, self- or automatic closing [503(c)3, 4306(f)B] Retail Tenant/Exit Passageway 1 Hour [3312(a)] '/4 Hour, self- or automatic closing (3312(a)] Retail Tenant/Service Corridor 1 Hour [3305(g)] % Hour, self- or automatic closing [3312(a)] Electrical Switchgear and 3 Hour [Program] 3 Hour, automatic closing Transformer Rooms [503(c)2, 4306(f)A] Electrical, Telephone Equipment 2 Hour [Program] 1 %z Hour, gasketed, self- or Rooms, and Service Areas automatic closing [Program] Fronting on Exit Passageways. Cross Corridor Doors Between 1 Hour [3312(a)] % Hour, self- or automatic Service Corridor and Exit closing (3312(a) , 4306(f)C] Passa R=an Pedestrian Area/Exit 1 Hour [3312(a)] 3/4 Hour, self- or automatic Passageway closing [3312(a), 4306(f)B] Mall Pedestrian Area/Service 1 Hour [3305(g)] 3/4 Hour, self- or automatic Corridor closing [3312(a), 4306(f)B] Central Toilets/Exit Passageway 1 Hour 20 min., self or automatic closing° 'All references are to the 1991 edition of the Uniform Building Code, unless otherwise noted. "Program" references are to the Building Code/Fire Protection Program for Grapevine Mills. 2 A amended by the City of Grapevine. 'Doors are not required at the interface between the mall pedestrian area and the corridors serving central toilet rooms. 'As agreed with the City of Grapevine. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 10.1 - January 15, 1997 Revised July 7, 1997 Mezzanines Mezzanines may be present in the covered mall building, including individual tenant spaces. Where mezzanines are provided, the following criteria will apply: • The area of the mezzanine is to be added to the area of the floor below for purposes of determining allowable area.[UBC Section 505(d)1 • The construction type of the mezzanine must be consistent with the construction type of the area in which it is located. The fire resistive rating is not required to exceed 1- hour for unenclosed mezzanines. (UBC Section 1717.11 • The clear height above and below the mezzanine floor construction is required to be not less than 7 feet. [UBC Section 1717.11 • No more than two levels of mezzanine are permitted in a room. The number of mezzanines is unlimited. [UBC Section 1717.21 • The aggregate area of mezzanines within a room must not exceed one-third of the area of the room in which they are located. The mezzanines are considered as a story if the area of the mezzanines exceed one-third of the area of the room in which they are located. [UBC Section 1717.31 • The mezzanines are to be open and unobstructed to the room below, except for columns, posts, and protective walls or railings 44 inches or less in height. The requirement for openness and visual communication need not apply when the floor area of the enclosed space is less than 10 percent of the mezzanine area or the occupant load of the encloses area of the mezzanine does not exceed 10 or the mezzanine has two or more exits with one of the exits giving direct access to an exit corridor, exit court, enclosed exit stairway, exterior exit, exterior exit balcony, or exit passageway. (UBC Section 1717.41 • The number of exits provided from the mezzanine must comply with the requirements of UBC Table 33-A. [UBC Section 1717.51 • The occupant load of the mezzanine is required to be added to the occupant load of the floor below if any exit discharges to the room below. [UBC Section 1717.61 • The minimum stair width is 36 inches when serving an occupant load of 49 or less. The minimum stair width is 44 inches for occupant loads of 50 or more. [UBC Section 3306(b)] • Stairs are to be of noncombustible construction. [UBC Section 19051 • Stairs from mezzanines need not be enclosed unless provided as a required exit for exemption from openness criteria. [UBC Sections 3309(a) and 1717.41 SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 10.2 - March 19, 1997 Automatic Sprinkler Protection The entire covered mall building, including major stores and specialty stores, will be protected with electrically supervised automatic sprinkler systems as required by the UBC. The water supply for the sprinkler systems, fire hose valve outlets and hydrants around the mall will be from an underground water supply loop having redundant connections to the municipal water system (refer to Figure 1). The municipal system and its supply to the mall have been reviewed and are considered to constitute a two-source water supply for reliability purposes. Waterflow tests on the 16" main on the west side of the property produced the following results: Static: 78 psi Residual: 75 psi Flow: 2,211 gpm This is considered a relatively strong water supply and the use of fire booster pumps is not considered necessary for the contemplated uses. All systems will be designed in accordance with NFPA 13, Installation of Sprinkler Systems, 1989 edition, as referenced by UBC Standard 38-1 . The roof level sprinklers will be hydraulically designed based upon a maximum storage height of 12 feet of ordinary hazard commodities within the retail areas of the covered mall building. The minimum design density for the roof level sprinkler systems will be 0.20 gpm per sq.ft. over the hydraulically most remote 3,000 sq.ft., in accordance with insurance criteria. This design density is well above that required by NFPA 13. The system will also be designed to deliver 250 gpm simultaneously to the hydraulically most remote fire hose outlet while flowing 250 gpm at the building exterior. Storage height arrangements and/or storage of commodities, other than those referenced above, will be in accordance with the applicable NFPA standards and insurance criteria. The applicable required density requirements must, however, meet or exceed the minimum ceiling design density requirement (0.20 gpm per sq.ft.) that is based upon ordinary hazard commodities stored at a maximum height of 12 feet. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 11 - December 9, 1996 Roof level sprinklers will be spaced at a maximum of 130 sq.ft. per sprinkler in accordance with NFPA 13 and insurance requirements for ordinary hazard group occupancies. Provisions will also be made in the design of the tenant roof level sprinkler system piping to accommodate a limited number of a second level of sprinklers to be installed below the roof level. This will provide for additional protection should a tenant's decorative ceiling obstruct the required water distribution pattern from sprinklers at the roof level. Effectively, the roof sprinkler piping will be designed to accommodate future additional sprinklers, if necessary. This will be accomplished by designing the overhead roof sprinkler system to accommodate a 25% increase in the initial design density resulting in a design density of 0.25 gpm per sq.ft. over the hydraulically most remote 3,000 sq.ft., plus a 250 gpm interior hose stream allowance and 250 gpm exterior hose stream allowance. The increased design density will, in effect, be applied over the hydraulically most remote area based upon the actual design density. Refer to Figure 3 for an illustrative comparison of required versus proposed design densities. The higher initial sprinkler system densities will have a substantial effect at controlling fires in the building. Sprinklers provided below any tenant ceiling areas will also be installed in accordance with NFPA 13. The minimum design density for tenant ceiling level sprinklers will be 0.20 gpm per sq.ft. over the hydraulically most remote 3,000 sq.ft. Spacing of tenant ceiling level sprinklers over retail areas will be 130 sq.ft. maximum. Sprinkler spacing over tenant office areas will be at a maximum of 225 sq.ft. Another alternative design feature for Grapevine Mills addresses the arrangement of overhead sprinkler piping. The current sprinkler system provision for covered mall buildings, specifically UBC Section 5603(a), requires that the sprinkler system be installed in such a manner that when any portion of the system serving tenant spaces is shut down the sprinkler system serving the mall will remain operational. This requirement is based on an operational concern intended to minimize out-of-service areas of sprinkler protection caused by frequent changes or remodeling of tenant spaces. Effectively, this criterion requires that independent system risers be used to serve sprinklers in tenant areas and the pedestrian mall. The sprinkler system design concept proposed for Grapevine Mills will also rely upon independent system risers for tenant and mall areas. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 12 - December 9, 1996 ON pp Now Hansom nor/l/ e - e e e However, in order to coordinate the sprinkler system installation with the building structural system, the "mall" sprinkler system will cover the mall, but may also extend up to 30 feet beyond the defined line of the mall into a tenant area. This allows the sprinkler system to provide coverage for the mall over a 30 to 40 foot width allowing for the defined mall area to shift locations within the structural bays (refer to Figure 4). It should be noted that the open structure ceiling arrangement will eliminate the need for many tenant alterations to the sprinkler system over the life of the building. Therefore, the frequency of the occurrence for the overhead sprinkler system to be out of service is significantly reduced when compared to other mall projects. Additionally, when individual tenant spaces do provide dropped ceilings requiring additional sprinkler protection below, such sprinklers will be supplied from the tenant roof system overhead piping. This will be accomplished via drops from the branch line or adequately sized cut-ins on the cross mains, depending upon the hydraulic needs. In no case, however, will tenant ceiling level sprinklers be tied into the mall overhead system zones. This will further reduce the occurrence of the mall overhead sprinkler system being out of service. Figure 5 illustrates the overhead sprinkler system zone arrangement and riser room locations. Each zone covers an area of 52,000 sq.ft. or less in accordance with NFPA 13. Main electrical switchgear rooms and transformer vaults will not be sprinklered. These rooms will be provided with smoke detectors as well as a separation from the remainder of the building by walls having a fire resistance rating of 3 hours. The omission of sprinklers from these areas has been approved by the local authorities. The above criteria will not apply to electrical or telephone distribution rooms which open onto exit passageways. With this occurrence, such rooms will be provided with sprinkler protection. Refer to the Means of Egress section of this report for further discussion. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 14 - December 9, 1996 F I O URE 4. TYF I GAL TENANT/MALL SFR I NKLER SYSTEM ZONE ARRANOEMENT u.r.s. TENANT OVERHEAD SPRINKLER SYSTEM ZONES MALL PEDESTRIAN AREA 30' MALL OVERHEAD 60' SPRINKLER 5Y5TEM ZONES 30' TENANT OVERHEAD SPRINKLER SYSTEM ZONES 10-4-96 � (L� E ' UNITED ARrIVS RISER ROOM A 70.993 t1 RISER ROOM B uRK 9z,3e J, 0,.ca I v\. AxeRi — ca-c 1 i_! G _ :^ILilE4a5 �4 � Il '4.(.R f \\y 4\ PT-2 � !14-3 -� TJ MAXx 3:.036 // KIR�E a �• i t , .7 M-2 I -- --• �' I 33.600 q.ff. 'I�- !J �' - _1-L 35. 35`IgJl 3 40,800 au.tf. 7- sQuaiOrOf Ac r2o0 N AT FACTO R;_ CT 7 i _1 CT-8 T s aq Y 0 45.s o ag. � i 50 40 0iaq q ( Fu uPE i fEi/ _. 2 eoRnsF aC'oE 7' 3;,z?". ;• y ET-I i I 2s,_ss IOre:,e ( I 1 I I iCT 2 - I CT-3 '25,7 33 I CT.4 CT-5 \ � 1 -44,00.sq.f. 43',200 s tip f I ! 431200 sq.tf. 4 200 a ,ii, '`i.� `\\ s✓, �..L _7 ! _���'°'1." 1 I�6 _.._.L.. '!'i- M_5t�-J � \\b \\ - - "1_„ 43. 9 sq.ff. _ .-.-44,032 a .t1. .�tl _ 1 dy \ I T. - - ___ - -- - - - __ - - - - -- Z -- Tl7i - ---_ .- \\ % jPTii12 !-,�,} I !PT-11 l - _ 3010 t1. I PT- `-- 9. 7--a N / 4aSarzq`ftr--- ,704 a h I_ q• �. Pr 8 ! , R 0 P TI 144,263 sq.ft. M I 1,636 sq.ft. FASHION OFF 6Tti b KASA awK5 I ' N FA:iN1GN l `------- \ U I 97.3^.7 SAKS FIFTH AVENU 3n.634,, 22.8091 ruassr CAM 17.870 GROUP USA o I SPORrS fOTURF I I 22 3m I 23,503 BED BATH I I 35,100 I 85,037 96.iR fs 8F.'fATH I r OU'i Lct SERE -. I RISER ROOM D ,f c AN M's RISER ROOM C ( o I R r I OUTDOORS I ! 25,389 LEGEND • FIRE HOSE VALVE OUTLET LOCATON FIOURE 5. AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEM ZONES ^_ ____- SPRINKLER SYSTEM ZONE BOUNDARY N.T9. FEED MAIN PIPING I�4-46 nn t T E CINEMAS 110,000 n cz TTI T (') fa M M M ®- RISER ROOM A TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT ENTRY 5 Q RISER ROOM 9 15,061 aq.i1. GAMEWORKS `'�✓ 21,016 ENTRY YEZLANINE 13,300, AMERICAN MAJOR C_— �1f� B UST FOR C _ _ I WILDERNESS 35,790 3.492 sq.ft. POLAR ICE FEET ENTRY 4 H 71,486 19,918 — — (MEZZANINE 13,200) PT-2 19,920 T PT-5 MARSHALLS Ee 50,012 sq.ft. M-2 I2 46 .t - l3, sq.il. \ 30,005 3p,�D0q.tt. J _3 839 sot _ _ 48,960 a .0. 1O - \ I LI BURLINGTON COAT FACTORY a / ' s C (— — CT-7 VIRGIN TOFF RODEO CT_e — —� — — C7-9 \ 3s�l\ 100,065 A off/ 501jq.lf. 45,800 sq.(t. MEGASTORE DR 45,600 aq. 50,100 a .H. \ ?d.s b/ a,�a / 27,494 24,211 ., FUTURE +6Y L— _ — —�— 69.431 / CT-3 ATHLE'S CT-1 C7-2 s I 50,626 sq.ff. I CT-4 FOOT ET CT-5 \ a \ \ i4 \ 44,800 sq.ft. 39,471 sq.ff. I I 38,319 sq.ff. 15,522 4 800 sq.ft. 39 �� M-B 249 — — — -- r� sq.H. 46,368 sq.ft. 4013 It. ° E Y 1 PT-12 r r _ PT 10 _ U L — 45,9981 sq. 030 sq.ffl 489 8. PT-8 19, E RY 3 THE SPORTS PT-11 MIKASA P M GROUP 1,636 sq.ff. Cam— AUTHORITY T 40.7g sq.0. 15,518 FASHION USA °+ 48'147 J AB3.819 I RAINFOREST 23,155 23.273�Prie2oe ohtf) (}— FASHION 23LLI CAFE q O_ 30,062 OFF 5TH 22,349 K °y SAKS FIFTH AVENUE ENTRY 2A ENTRY 26 c OUTLET PT-13 34,961 BED BATH 106,fi91 O— 46,167 sq.ft. r-y & /BE397ND° — _ — _ �I Te unde and _ (NOfa: Vorlf doer location wi architect.) RISER ROOM D \ � RISER ROOM C r� .j 1y FIGURE 5. AUTOMATIC 5PRINKLERFIGURE 5. AUTOMATIC 5PRINKLER SY5TCM ZONE5ZONE5 NT9. LEGEND e {FC NME VN1£alll£T LOG1pN SPflNYl£II SYSIp,ZME BWIWf! ' RFL WfV VPfp "'T TTT TTT T T E CINEMAS 110,000 TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT RISER ROOM A o-- To undo round te m PT-17 riser locatio n wIth architect.) TTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTTT r__-----1 Q ENTRY 5 Q RISER ROOM B 4r------J i G KS SEE NOTE /1 PT-15 To underground JEWOR 20,150 eq.tt. I I T-1 �_ M 21NOi8 (Note: Verity system PT-15 I I 9,156 sq,ft, row,. ,+ EIIAIi C 13,900 Others) riser location with architect.) am sam+< PT-17 P7-4a To underground I I sae 34,516 aq.fL r TT I I POLAR ICE / I (By Olhen) ) r 31,879 sq.(t MAJOR (riots: Verify systems PT-16 and I I 71,486 UST FOR :Y Others - - 35,790 -i6a Baer locations with architect.) L----- I I AMERICAN (By ) I I1 (MEZZANINE 1760) FEET , , I PT-18a / 19,918 ]MA x d1YIL32,251 S __--- ENTRY H L T_2 q• / T- 32,261 i PT 5 ,745 s 9,887 a T'J 35,718 s ff./ s PT-2 I I 27 46 .r .ft. _ MARSHALLS 40,745 aq.it. q•ft. �T- (BY Others)/ / I 33,600 eq.fl. I - 1 a _ I I / ' I 30005 ♦♦ (By Others)To underground / _____ _` _J _$ _ _ tl 'i_ _t) LJ (Note: Verify smte -18 tk PT-18a // T-18 / ) - M-3 _ --- rtaer location w aach� Ifsct.) 3(��y6 O3fhVAU/ ea I l 48,960 s .it. - _ - - _ - ` \\\ L TON I I C)-- _ ___ ___ __ ___ _ _- ___ _ _ _ __ � ` BUR I 0 /// s/ / /a '• g e D R F g g R B 4 Q "z 2 S I 9 D B D D 2 c 5 rz 6 a J COA 100065`ORY Ll tr, / A �/ / 50,o q.rr FTI i 600 s MEGASTIORE TOFF DR D 0 4ss • e .L C O9a .ft. \ J ` / FUTURE / �tf a / 9 q l S` 40 5281 eq.ff. �♦ 27,494 24,211 f( °a (By Orhen 4 59,431 I C7-3 ATHLETE'S g` m \ / T- CT 2 1 .626 so f. Ci 4 FOOT CT-5 c \ 44, 00 aq.t. 3 ,47 s .ft I $ 38 31 aq ft. 15.522 4 800 sq ft.a .9y 2 �- \ '• 'i' i _i._9_ _� _JLA_ IL 1# _- S a .1 9 39 249 aq.ft. 46,388 s .it. I 4043 ff. to) _ ____ ____ _\___ to ENTRY P 1 U s' R M R 'a PT-10 �' x - 8 l A / THE SPORTS q• PT-11 .030 sq.fti PT_ I PT-8 s:. 45,998 a N. Y NTRY 3 MIKASA p M 4 36 aq ft , _ __ ,851 �- AUTHORITY T 40,7§4 sq.ft. 15,518 BOOKS I FASHION a� (By Others) aq) 48,147 J RAINFOREST 23,165 I L PT- (By Others) (By Ofhen) �- FASHION A MILLION,819 I CAFE PT-13 30,062 OFF 5TH 23,619 22349 I GROUP .ns aq.ft. __ JLET STY 0- I 47 210 agdr. SAKS FIFTH AVENU USA �( OUTLET STORE 1 ,l (By Others) 34,981 ENTRY 2A ENTRY 2B ^ 23,273_-p QED BATH -------106,697 -__ ar I e /0,397 P7 a- RISER ROOM C (By 50,737 s q To nderground (By Ofhsrs) JNOTES: a+ (Net,: Verify system PT-13 RISER ROOM D 1. whhra salrinklermmt Improvidendanf rise location with architect.) ar SEE NOTE {'1 of the base building systems and the ar areas of coverage overlap, the exlafing 6 s dnklsrs shall bs removed and lugged. _ _ _ _ _ _ _ J To underground Tae exlafing plying shall remain In place. (Note: Verify systems PT-14 and PT-14c This area a indicated by shading. WM roer locations with archliect.) FIGURE 5. AUTOMATIC, SPRINKLER SYSTEM ZONE5 KT9. LEGEND O RM Mff V&W dli{E}lDCA1NIN . . SPIetQ0. 4 ZqE B]lMA(1 �-349'1 „� INEMA 0866 RISER ROOM A ENTRY 5 MEDIA O FOLLY r O RISER ROOM B WINNE E ENT 6 D r , ILLY GAMEWORKS RESTAURANT x1223 so ` sn scs ENTRY 4 m °p°po (Y[ZUNIN[1240Y �'�-��� o TORNADO 1 °YFF FF FOLLY 5C5 IESTERN 1120 Cj ` JUST"FOP 2000D0105E . .n a (BY x TENANT) 'mrN I MAJOR FEET I .. Fla H 4' ALAN ZO PT 2 yy RODEO ” I �i az 7 , sD , q n II FOOMI URT p� + u - .aa Z x� ` HALLS \ i 1' P• I L- - ---- `e$re^"ww� � �}�-�{ ., .x, .�, _ ' B6a a�al ____ ' "3�3�___ w�e l ``% , I `` lf?yp� c"'e"w I 18.960 .9 ' ....xrn.n... xn `\ � BURLNGTON`�"t9q,�i 6 AZ ,°a`. m � COAT FACTORY ��j 100102 Q �°'IGUANA e�y j N CT 6 Z NEC - 0 9 MERAM E�.� �. r w oso .9. n. boa . . X. VIRGIN rF RODE •6� ++ So, n. M� ` O . ��:Tr of 228401 .•`� ' M ME GASTORE I DR w >_ Al — _17190 1��7�3 s s MAJO}' o `�' `�` '1'J 301 .� E -1 Z NE CT ZONE CT-3 ON C -4 ON x T-5 11. }8.1 9 ,9 N. .M 11'600 a . X. w .m me .o. Y vo x s v z I zu zxe z ... u aso z o mx ,2 me m ,�. M. x,. o \l •�� ssys, —_ _____ __ _ _ _ s°_' _ ____ _ __ L__ __ __ __ _ ____ ___ _ _ _ _ __ xel _____ ___ _____° xm n _ `` ''JQ'p I ' M-7 39,219 aq. Ilw.euo I — 16,368 ,q, I "�o. M-510.132 ,9. It. M rlanvsi.ceio„r�� gf ,r ENTRY 1 �. xo EOOTfiAL m 11.030 a9. Il.el� xvryox in ou MAJOR OFF ST se P r, „----��----- -- j ----- ZONE T- �' --� — - T I ENTRY 3 ONE 12 --- 1 701 ,9. M221 I ., i 16,926. �' 1, I o 636•9 i8 J I 1 BLUE YI BONNET�( FOLLY U e� it I 1 ___ }.�__ I ZONE PT-14 2. •'�'I BOOKS I h RAINFOREST '� OLD NAVY I BED BATH I wssl ,q. n. THE SPORTS 30062 SAKS FIFTH A NUE e = A MILLIO ,� CAFE I� 23329 I °' & BEYOND I (BY TENANT) AUTHORITY 3a9az -� _ , I GROUP ao3ao rr �'' z 23978 22602 J ,.{h,7�. / ZONE Eq " ❑ ❑° �"" o ENTRY 2A TRY 2B ❑ ❑° z3257 ZONE PT-8A E '19 (BY TENANT) scz ° ° TEXAS 39,775,q. X. ¢e❑° ° 1CPENdEY_____ .` sc f� �`FOLLY LiY sc3 _� (BY TENANT) OUTLET 2pSTORE ZONE PT-142 SCI a 50,737 ,q. ft. (BY TENANT) RISER ROOM D RISER ROOM C �s LEGEND • FIRE H05E VALVE OUTLET LOCATION FIGURE 5. AUTOMATIC SPRINKLER SYSTEM ZONES - --`• SPRINKLER SYSTEM ZONE BOUNDARY FEED MAIN PIPING REV15EDe Jorwory 2000 Sprinkler systems for most areas of the project will be located in one of 4 valve rooms as shown in Figure 5. However, due to certain major/anchor tenant criteria and the phasing of construction, certain majors/anchors will have utilities, including fire sprinklers, independent of the mall systems. Such tenants will have independent connections to the mall water supply loop, their own risers and their own associated monitoring of these systems. The exact tenants having this arrangement are not certain at this time, but the design criteria as specified in this report will generally apply to those majors/anchors. Fire Hose Outlets Hose outlets for fire department use (2%:^ in diameter) will be provided in the pedestrian mall at each entrance to a perimeter exit passageway or perimeter corridor connected to an exit passageway, and at all exterior public entrances to the mall in accordance with Section 5603(b) of the UBC. Hose outlets will also be provided at entrances to specific service corridors in the food court area and at specific locations within the central exit passageway. These outlets have been located after a review of locations and estimated hose lay distances by the local authorities. Outlets are not required in the tenant spaces or major stores. For improved reliability in the event sprinklers are out of service, the outlets will be supplied from a piping system independent of the overhead automatic sprinkler system. The piping system will be calculated to provide the required sprinkler demand, along with 250 gpm at 100 psi at the hydraulically remote outlet based upon a 150 psi inlet pressure at the system fire department connection (from a fire department pumper). Fire Department Connections A fire department connection will be provided at every riser room. The risers serving the mall will be interconnected so that each system served by that riser room can be charged via the fire department connection serving that room (refer to Figure 6). Provision of a single fire department connection for multiple system risers will eliminate confusion when determining which system needs to be charged in a fire emergency. With multiple valve rooms and multiple fire department connections, both the risers and fire department connections would be required to be labeled appropriately, and even with such identification, the affected valve room would first have to be identified. Under the SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 17 - December 9, 1996 proposed arrangement, this time consuming task would not be necessary as only the riser room with the flowing riser would need to be identified. This identification, in the form of a flashing exterior light and exterior bell, will be provided for each riser room. The flashing light and bell on the exterior of each riser room will activate whenever there is waterflow from any of the sprinkler risers within the corresponding riser room. As a further measure for reliability and to facilitate fire department operations, the four mall valve rooms will be interconnected via the hose outlet system piping, allowing the use of any fire department connection to serve the mall's sprinkler systems. This also allows a water supply to the sprinkler systems in a valve room should the underground piping to that room be impaired. Note that majors/anchors having their own risers are independent of the mall's valve rooms and this arrangement. Fire Hydrants Fire hydrants will be provided around the perimeter of the facility at intervals not greater than 300 feet. The hydrants will be located a minimum of 40 feet from the building. The 300 foot distance results from current standard design practices as well as insurance criteria. Fire hydrants will also be provided in the vicinity of each fire department connection such that at least one hydrant is within 100 feet of the fire department connection. Refer to Figure 1 for fire hydrant locations. UFC Section 10.403 requires that hydrants be provided in locations approved by the Fire Chief. Hydrants are required to be located along access roads and in number and intervals based upon fire flow requirements. Backflow Prevention Backflow prevention will be provided in the form of a double check valve backflow prevention assembly. Such an assembly will be provided in each riser room (refer to Figure 6). The provision of the double check valve assembly is in accordance with the City of Grapevine requirements. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - is - December 9, 1996 OF EXTERIOR WALL EXTERIOR LIGHT <----EXTERIOR BELL LOW SWITCH CADGE MAIN DRAIN,PI O EXTERIOR WAFER CHECK VE 2 1/2" x 2 1/2"x 4' 'BUTTERFLY Y FIRE DEPT. CONN. 09 Y VALVE W/ ISORY SWITCH FLOOR DOUBLE DETECTOR CHECK VALVE ? BAGKFLOW PREVENTION DEVICE 10" FROM UNDERGROUND LOOP REFER TO DOMESTIC PLWISIN& DRAWINGS FOR COORDINATION. ELEVATION EXTERIOR L16W i--EXTERIOR BELL W 1/2" x 2 1/2'x 4' 1}I FIRE DEPT.CONN. O 2" DRAIN LINE a UNDERGROUND PLAN VIEW FIGURE 6. TYPICAL RISER ARRANGEMENT N.T.S. 12-4-96 it I 6 0 a EXTERIOR WALL -�EXtI'RRIOR LIGHT 416HA.OW AIR a'–EXTERIOR BELL PRC.9IME SWITCH OW SWITCH PRESSURE T14'P WATBiPLOW SWITCH 6ALKE Ppp55UMM 6A.wE - 'MAIN DRAIN,FPIII S EXTERIOR f--9'WAFM CHECK VE 2 1!2'x 2 V2'x 4' 2'MAIN ORAI 'SIMERPLY V FIRE DEPT.COW DRY PIPE VALVE COMPLETE WITH TRIM O! Y VALVE W/ M b WICK OPENING YISORY SWITCH IL DEVS BUTTMRFLY VAL FLOOR DOUBLE OETWTOR C+CCK VALVE BACKPL.OW PREVENTION DEVICE 10'FROM LTNEit6RWND LOOP RErm TO DOMESTIC PLU VINS DRAWI1465 FOR COCRDINAnO U Z A TOManC C AIR CAFIPR[95OR WITH AUTOMATIC AIR MAINTENANCE DEVICE ELEVATION lEXTMOR LIGHT y F—EXTERIOR BELL gaaO Lu 21/2'x 2 V2'x 4' PIRE DEPT.C40W1 2'GRAIN LINE � IAiDER6RGUND PLAN VIEW FIGURE l. TYPICAL RISER ARRANGEMENT N.T.S. i Fire Extinguishers Fire extinguishers will be provided in accordance with the requirements of the Uniform Fire Code (UFC), and UFC Standard 10-1. This will be accomplished by providing fire extinguishers throughout the covered mail building which are spaced to satisfy applicable criteria. One fire extinguisher will be provided for every 3,000 sq.ft. of floor area (based upon a minimum 2A rating) and such that the travel distance from any point within a space to a fire extinguisher does not exceed 75 feet. The mall pedestrian portion of the building will be adequately covered, with fire extinguishers being provided in required fire hose valve cabinets and within the tenant spaces such that all tenants provide at least one fire extinguisher within 20 feet of the tenant entrance from the mall. Kitchen Cooking Equipment Kitchen cooking equipment will be provided with automatic extinguishing systems such as sprinklers, carbon dioxide or wet chemical in accordance with insurance and NFPA 96 criteria. Activation of these systems will be reported to the mall fire alarm system as fire alarms. Smoke Management Systems General An engineered smoke management system will be provided for Grapevine Mills. Preliminary calculations for smoke volume have been completed based upon the drawings prepared to date. The, design of the system will be different from that specified in the UBC, but will provide superior protection for building occupants, as will be shown. The basic concept for smoke management at Grapevine Mills is based upon the criteria -- included in NFPA 92B, Guide for Smoke Management Systems in Ma//s, Atria, and Large Areas. This standard recognizes the benefits of large volume buildings and relies upon smoke management systems designed to accommodate a design basis fire of a specified size, rather than an arbitrary number of air changes per hour. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 20 - December 9, 1996 Although it is shown that the building inherently provides passive smoke management for a period sufficient to allow safe exiting of occupants, a mechanical system will be provided. Smoke exhaust fans will be strategically located within the structure's roof at the high bay areas over the mall pedestrianway. Supply air will be provided from make-up air intakes located near the building's perimeter and central corridor (Figure 7). The smoke management system will be automatically activated upon sprinkler waterflow, smoke detection, and manually from the mall's Fire Command Center. Smoke control system zones will correspond to sprinkler system zones. Selected exhaust fans adjacent to and those within the zone of origin will be automatically activated and the make-up air intakes will open to provide make-up air. Additional exhaust fans beyond the area of origin can also be manually operated by zone. Refer to Table 6 and Appendix C for a summary of the smoke control system sequence of operations. Based upon the design where tenant separation walls are 12 feet in height, a large volume is available which assists in maintaining smoke at a safe elevation above the floor for significant periods of time. The calculations provided in this report indicate that the volume is of sufficient size to maintain the smoke layer above the occupied level for a time period adequate to exit the building, even without the operation of smoke exhaust fans. Where tenant spaces may be provided with a full or partial decorative ceiling, provisions will be made such that the ceiling will be at least 10% free open area, uniformly distributed (Figure 8). The free open area will be distributed such that a maximum 10-foot spacing is provided between adjacent open areas in any direction or between open areas and adjacent walls. The free open area can be provided by the use of openings in the ceiling grid (the omission of certain ceiling tiles) or the use of eggcrate ceiling tiles. When eggcrate ceiling tile is provided, it will be required to meet the requirements of NFPA 13, Section 4-4.14. Any tenant whose ceiling is less than 10% free open area will provide mechanical smoke control for that tenant space. The requirement for smoke control will not apply to office areas, toilet rooms, mechanical equipment rooms, etc., which do not present the fire load associated with a retail occupancy. Smoke control will not be required for "Anchor" B (Polar Ice) by specific agreement with the City of Grapevine. Major B is considered as a true "Anchor" (not a Major Tenant) and is provided with special protection features and independent exiting. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 21 - December 9, 1996 Revised October 1999 I Although it is shown that the building inherently provides passive smoke management for a period sufficient to allow safe exiting of occupants, a mechanical system will be provided. Smoke exhaust fans will be strategically located within the structure's roof at the high bay areas over the mall pedestrianway. Supply air will be provided from make-up air intakes located near the building's perimeter and central corridor (Figure 7). The smoke management system will be automatically activated upon sprinkler waterflow, smoke detection, and manually from the mall's Fire Command Center. Smoke control system operation will correspond to sprinkler system zones. Selected exhaust fans adjacent to and/or within the zone of origin will be automatically activated and the make-up air intakes will open to provide make-up air. Additional exhaust fans beyond the area of origin can also be manually operated by zone. Refer to Table 6 and Appendix C for a summary of smoke control system sequence of operations. Based upon the design where tenant separation walls are 12 feet in height, a large volume is available which assists in maintaining smoke at a safe elevation above the floor for significant periods of time. The calculations provided in this report indicate that the volume is of sufficient size to maintain the smoke layer above the occupied level for a time period adequate to exit the building, even without the operation of smoke exhaust fans. Where tenant spaces may be provided with a full or partial decorative ceiling, provisions will be made such that the ceiling will be at least 10% free open area, uniformly distributed (Figure 8). The free open area will be distributed such that a maximum 10-foot spacing is provided between adjacent open areas in any direction or between open areas and adjacent walls. The free open area can be provided with openings in the ceiling grid (the omission of certain ceiling tiles) or with the use of eggcrate ceiling tiles. When eggcrate ceiling tile is provided, it will be required to meet the requirements of NFPA 13, Section 4-4.14. Any tenant whose ceiling is less than 10% free open area will provide mechanical smoke control for that tenant space. The requirement for smoke control will not apply to office areas, toilet rooms, mechanical equipment rooms, etc., which do not present the fire load associated with a retail occupancy. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 21 - December 9, 1996 Although it is shown that the building inherently provides passive smoke management for a period sufficient to allow safe exiting of occupants, a mechanical system will be provided. Smoke exhaust fans will be strategically located within the structure's roof at the high bay areas over the mall pedestrianway. Supply air will be provided from make-up air intakes located near the building's perimeter and central corridor (Figure 7). The smoke management system will be automatically activated upon sprinkler waterflow, smoke detection, and manually from the mall's Fire Command Center. Smoke control system zones will correspond to sprinkler system zones. Selected exhaust fans adjacent to and those within the zone of origin will be automatically activated and the make-up air intakes will open to provide make-up air. Additional exhaust fans beyond the area of origin can also be manually operated by zone. Refer to Table 6 and Appendix C for a summary of the smoke control system sequence of operations. Based upon the design where tenant separation walls are 12 feet in height, a large volume is available which assists in maintaining smoke at a safe elevation above the floor for significant periods of time. The calculations provided in this report indicate that the volume is of sufficient size to maintain the smoke layer above the occupied level for a time period adequate to exit the building, even without the operation of smoke exhaust fans. Where tenant spaces may be provided with a full or partial decorative ceiling, provisions will be made such that the ceiling will be at least 10% free open area, uniformly distributed (Figure 8). The free open area will be distributed such that a maximum 10-foot spacing is provided between adjacent open areas in any direction or between open areas and adjacent walls. The free open area can be provided by the use of openings in the ceiling grid (the omission of certain ceiling tiles) or the use of eggcrate ceiling tiles. When eggcrate ceiling the is provided, it will be required to meet the requirements of NFPA 13, Section 4-4.14. Any tenant whose ceiling is less than 10% free open area will provide mechanical smoke control for that tenant space. The requirement for smoke control will not apply to office areas, toilet rooms, mechanical equipment rooms, etc., which do not present the fire load associated with a retail occupancy. _ r,✓� 0 SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 21 - December 9, 1996 Revised January 15, 1997 >rJ 0 pr—z rt-4 pp rr—s I�1rrI W ' g it (�i ' I - , I 4�^, �^ _ — I I CT $ I i3 I� 1 k 21 y—� , Pr—i 1 P—a I [GX� I f E'n" I I NOTE: SMOKE CONTROL SYSTEM ZONE BOUNDARIES a end ARE COORDINATED WITH PLP-10 AND BASED ——— jmok% n4rd/Sprinlder System UPON CURRENT ARJO DRAWINGS. SMOKE FIGURE 1. SMOKE VENTING SY5TEM EQUIPMENT LOCATIONS one oun a CONTROL EQUIPMENT LOCATIONS MAY BE nrs. OAI N Outside Air Intake SE m Smoke Exhaust Fan REVISED DUE TO CHANGES IN SPRINKLER SYSTEM ZONE BOUNDARIES. `XX Not Included In Contract O ENTRY 5 O -u, ENTRY 8 ■ g■ i ■ q■ i Z¢N -4 c i a 8 I (BY TENANT) ENTRY 4 y I ®ZON _2 I yy �—�' ZJf I l i-i ■ ■ 9 1 _ PT____I —4 ♦� ------------ _______ III________ _ ____ ______ __________ _r^ ____ ______-----__�\ ♦♦\ ♦♦ \ �� i ' Ili ZONE CT-7 i M ♦♦ � - � �t rlrJ � .i ® I rert-i nlra `♦ \ ♦6 ➢eti clm I I ® - ZONE C7-Y ZONE CT-2 i ZONE CT-3 i ZONE CT-4 - I ' 'S2° ----J--- --------J---- --- "�------- ' W--Z ® ENTRY1 __1_ ____ ----------- _�__ ____ ___r_1_________ ______ ____- T_______ .. ....... - ---- ---- _ / e Y 1---- - I ZONE PT-10' - IZONE PT-8 E PT-B - _ ZONE PT-12 p _ ■ - I ___$___ I e # gI ZONE PT-8A ZONE PT-13 : ■ I ® PT-9 ,3i1 (BY TENANT) — ZONE PT-14 & 14a. (BY TENANT) navoe. 8 ENTRY 2A ■ ■ p _____1BYJFM91____ I I - I I I I I I L---------J \ f�\ FIGURE 7. 5MOKE VENTING SYSTEM EQUIPMENT LOCATION5 NTH. Legend: NOTE: - .---- SMOKE CONTROL SYSTEM ZONE BOUNDARIES ARE -• Smoke Control/Sprinkler System Zone Boundary COORDINATED WITH PLP-14 AND BASED UPON CURRENT ARJO DRAWINGS. SMOKE CONTROL OAI0 Outside Air Intake EQUIPMENT LOCATIONS MAY BE REVISED DUE TO CHANGES IN SPRINKLER SYSTEM ZONE BOUNDARIES. SEA Smoke Exhaust Fan <XX Not Included In Contract ENTRY 5 ENTRY 6 O O us uT scT - : �W - ENTRY 4 ''o�oap — r,Er:aoc SO ZONE PT-4a (BY TENANT) - E I ZONE PT—2 M-2 uu-n sue Ory \ _ � — P 4 Z NE T— MM=1 s� scs '�° sc_u sus sun MM=3 MM=4 nui Q�i - / Z NE CT 6 Z E C — Z NEC 8 ZDN CT 9 \ / - ZON T-1 Z NE CT 2 I ZONE T-3 ON C —4 ONE —5 \ ENTRY 1 - sus sc.v MM=7 II-„ _ M=6 - _ �,y M=5 - - 11 ONE P —1 I - 0 E T-9 i ONE PT-8 0 T 7 — _ — ENTRY 3 ZONE PT-12 — — — -- ZONE PT-8A ZONE PT-13 - urns I = PT-9 (BY TENANT) ZONE PT-14 & 14a (BY TENANT) a •- a ENTRY 2A TRY 2B o — —(By-UNANT) SO _ ° us Sts n\j FIGURE "1. SMOKE VENTING SYSTEM EQUIPMENT LOCATIONS N,S. Legend: NOTE: SMOKE CONTROL SYSTEM ZONE BOUNDARIES ARE COORDINATED --Smoke Control/Sprinkler System WITH CURRENT OPERATING LEASE PLAN AND BASED UPON Zone Boundary CURRENT ARJO ENGINEERS AND MORLEY ARCHITECTS DRAWIN65. SMOKE CONTROL EQUIPMENT LOCATIONS MAY BE REVISED DUE To OAI Outside Air Intake CHAN&E5 IN SPRINKLER SYSTEM ZONE BOUNDARIES. SE Smoke Exhaust Fan Not Included In Contract Ravised: January 2000 GRAPEVINE MILLS 10% MINIMUM OPEN CEILINO AREA FOR SMOKE REMOVAL TOILET ROOMS WITH GYPSUM BOARD GEILIN6. NO OPENING REQUIRED AGOU5T. TILE GEILIN6 0' 11AX ANl DIr ECT nN STOCK- i dwell ROOM X . I 1�:: 7 NO. GL6. TILE 6WB SOFFIT 10' MAX. BETWEEN OPEN AREA AND ADJACENT WALL STOREFRONT TYPICAL FLUOR. LIGHT TYPICAL OPENING IN GEILIN6 OR E66-GRATE GEILIN6 TILE (MINIMUM 10% OF GEILIN6 AREA) TYPICAL ACOUSTICAL GEILIN6 TILE FIGURE 8. TYPICAL TENANT CEILING LAYOUT N.T.5. 10-4-96 Six air changes per hour forced ventilation (exhaust) are required by the 1991 UBC. However, the 1994 UBC recognizes the fire science achievements in modeling smoke control by providing exhaust method equations in Section 905.5 that establish the minimum requirements for the design of smoke control systems. For this project, equations (5-3) through (5-10) from the 1994 UBC have been applied using Mathcad 6.0 Plus with results given in Table 1. The quantity of smoke produced depends on entrainment of air into the fire plume. Analyses have been performed for the axisymmetric, spill, and window plumes which represent 3 of 4 possible scenarios addressed by the 1994 UBC. The wall plume scenario is not applicable. However, note that the axisymmetric plume scenario is known to calculate a greater smoke production rate than the wall plume scenario. The mall design is primarily intended to be based on the axisymmetric plume case (the most probable case). In all cases, the design fire has been based on 5,000 Btu per second as required by the 1994 UBC Section 905.6.1. An axisymmetric plume results from a fire below an open area where the buoyant combustion products and entrained air (fire plume) rise while continuing to entrain more air without contacting solid surfaces. Section 905.5.2.1 requires "the lowest horizontal surface of the accumulating smoke layer shall be maintained at least 10 feet above any walking surface within the smoke zone." This analysis conservatively yields the rate of air extraction required to keep the hot gas layer at least 12 feet above the finished floor indefinitely. The spill plume scenario has been analyzed to keep the hot gas layer 12 feet above the finished floor utilizing 4 feet of cool air space above a balcony for an array of balcony widths. However, as a single-story building, no balcony design features are part of the mall design. It has been included to provide information as to the effect of such construction in relation to the requirements of the 1994 UBC. Smoke from a fire plume passing through a doorway is modeled as a window plume. As such, a 10 foot wide by 9 foot high door has been modeled using the window plume equations. This represents smoke movement from a mall tenant space to the Main Street area in the case where a tenant installs a solid ceiling. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 24 - December 9, 1996 Six air changes per hour forced ventilation (exhaust) is required by the 1991 UBC. However, the 1994 UBC recognizes the fire science achievements in modeling smoke control by providing exhaust method equations in Section 905.5 that establish the minimum requirements for the design of smoke control systems. For this project, equations (5-3) through (5-10) from the 1994 UBC have been applied using Mathcad 6.0 Plus with results given in Table 1 . The quantity of smoke produced depends on entrainment of air into the fire plume. Analyses have been performed for the axisymmetric, spill, and window plumes which represent 3 of 4 possible scenarios addressed by the 1994 UBC. The wall plume scenario is not applicable. However, note that the axisymmetric plume scenario is known to calculate a greater smoke production rate than the wall plume scenario. The mall design is primarily intended to be based on the axisymmetric plume case (the most probable case). In all cases, the design fire has been based on 5,000 Btu per second as required by the 1994 UBC Section 905.6.1 . An axisymmetric plume results from a fire below an open area where the buoyant combustion products and entrained air (fire plume) rise while continuing to entrain more air without contacting solid surfaces. Section 905.5.2.1 requires "the lowest horizontal surface of the accumulating smoke layer shall be maintained at least 10 feet above any walking surface within the smoke zone." This analysis conservatively yields the rate of air extraction required to keep the hot gas layer at least 12 feet above the finished floor indefinitely. The spill plume scenario has been analyzed to keep the hot gas layer 12 feet above the finished floor utilizing 4 feet of cool air space above a balcony for an array of balcony widths. However, as a single-story building, no balcony design features are part of the mall design. It has been included to provide information as to the effect of such construction in relation to the requirements of the 1994 UBC. Smoke from a fire plume passing through a doorway is modeled as a window plume. As such, a 10 foot wide by 9 foot high door has been modeled using the window plume equations. This represents smoke movement from a mall tenant space to the Main Street area in the case where a tenant installs a solid ceiling. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 24 - December 9, 1996 Revised January 15, 1997 TABLE i EXHAUST CALCULATION RESULTS MINIMUM REQUIRED EXHAUST RATES (CFM) CASE TOTAL HEAT OUTPUT = 5,000 8TU/SEC Axisymmetrical Plume Balcony Spill Plume Window Plume (Basic Design Scenario) (Not an Expected (Door) Design Scenario -for 12 feet x illustration only) 9 feet (high) Z = 12 ft. 33,400 ----------- 67,800 W = 6 ft. ----------- 44,700 ----------- W = 10 ft. ----------- 58,900 ----------- ----------- 74,300 ----------- W =20 ft. ----------- 88,100 ----------- W =30 ft. ----------- 112,700 ----------- Note: Z = Height of the hot gases above the floor W = Balcony width The effect of the balcony width is illustrated in Table 1 . The balcony considered in this analysis is 8 feet high. The required exhaust rate will decrease as the balcony is relocated higher. However, as balconies are not in the construction plans, a minimum exhaust rate of 67,800 cfm is required by the 1994 edition of the UBC. Fire Modeling In recent years, scientific and engineering advances in the area of fire protection have provided engineering calculation methods and computer tools that can be used to predict fire conditions and detector response in buildings. A number of different engineering calculation routines and computer models exist to assist in such predictions. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 25 - December 9, 1996 FPETOOL is a collection of engineering calculation routines and a one room, two zone fire model which permits predictions and analysis of egress time, detector activation, smoke flows and filling, flashover and other factors. In the analysis of Grapevine Mills, FPETOOL Version 2.06 was used to find the average temperature and height of the hot gas layer versus time. Also, the heat release rate, flame height, and average hot gas layer temperature were determined at the time of sprinkler activation. While smoke control is required and will be provided, the fire modeling analysis has been performed without smoke exhaust to illustrate the passive capability of the building. The DETACT routine of FPETOOL was utilized to estimate the sprinkler activation times of 165°F, standard response sprinklers at 130 sq.ft. maximum spacing in the food court area. Activation time is expected to be greatest in this area since this area has the highest ceiling. However, results are also given for the lower ceiling heights to illustrate the variance in sprinkler activation time that is possible. Flame height was determined by using the heat release rate at sprinkler activation calculated by FPETOOL and Heskestad's correlation found in the SFPE Handbook, 2nd edition (Section 2, Chapter 1 "Flame Height" by Bernard McCaffrey). Heskestad's correlation also requires the effective diameter of the base of the fire. A conservative approximation of the diameter of the base of the fire was obtained by using the heat release rate per floor area from combustion of 5-foot high wood pallets and the heat release rate as calculated by FPETOOL to calculate the flame height at the time of sprinkler activation. Since the flame height decreases as the energy of the fire is spread over a larger area (as opposed to increasing the intensity of the fire by decreasing the area), the relatively high heat release rate per area of the 5 foot high pallet fire is conservative as higher flame heights than expected are predicted. Results are shown in Table 2 for estimated flame heights and heat release rates as the first sprinkler activates. This table illustrates that the maximum anticipated time to sprinkler activation is approximately 6.5 minutes after fire initiation. However, the flame heights that were calculated at this time are well below the roof height. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 26 - December 9, 1996 FPETOOL is a collection of engineering calculation routines and a one room, two zone fire model which permits predictions and analysis of egress time, detector activation, smoke flows and filling, flashover and other factors. In the analysis of Grapevine Mills, FPETOOL Version 2.06 was used to find the average temperature and height of the hot gas layer versus time. Also, the heat release rate, flame height, and average hot gas layer temperature were determined at the time of sprinkler activation. While smoke control is required and will be provided, the fire modeling analysis has been performed without smoke exhaust to illustrate the passive capability of the building. The DETACT routine of FPETOOL was utilized to estimate the sprinkler activation times of 165°F, standard response sprinklers at 130 sq.ft. maximum spacing in the food court area. Activation time is expected to be greatest in this area since this area has the highest ceiling. However, results are also given for the lower ceiling heights to illustrate the variance in sprinkler activation time that is possible. Flame height was determined by using the heat release rate at sprinkler activation calculated by FPETOOL and Heskestad's correlation found in the SFPE Handbook, 2nd edition (Section 2, Chapter 1 "Flame Height" by Bernard McCaffrey). Heskestad's correlation also requires the effective diameter of the base of the fire. A conservative approximation of the diameter of the base of the fire was obtained by using the heat release rate per unit of floor area from combustion of 5-foot high wood pallets and the heat release rate as calculated by FPETOOL to determine the flame height at the time of sprinkler activation. Since the flame height decreases as the energy of the fire is spread over a larger area (as opposed to increasing the intensity of the fire by decreasing the area), the relatively high heat release rate per unit area of the 5 foot high pallet fire is conservative as higher flame heights than expected are predicted. Results are shown in Table 2 for estimated flame heights and heat release rates as the first sprinkler activates. This table illustrates that the maximum anticipated time to sprinkler activation is approximately 6.5 minutes after fire initiation. However, the flame heights that were calculated at this time are well below the roof height. i SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 26 - December 9, 1996 Revised January 15, 1997 TABLE 2 SPRINKLER ACTIVATION FOR A STANDARD RESPONSE,SPRINKLER FA ST FIRE Fy. -2-3 ,feet Ceiling Height -50 feet Ceiling Height t Activation Time (seconds) 245 390 Heat Release Rate 2566 6,725 (Btu/second) Flame Height(feet) 14.8 21 .0 Hot Gas Laver The height and average temperature of the hot gas layer interface during a fire can strongly affect the tenability of the mall. Typically, the smoke control analysis considered smoke removal to indefinitely allow the hot gas layer to remain above a certain height. This analysis demonstrates the tenability of the space throughout the first 30 minutes of a fast growth fire, even if no automatic sprinklers and no smoke exhaust were provided. The roof height varies from 21 feet to 50 feet with a large portion of the mall having a roof height of 27 feet (Refer to Figure 9). A 520-foot by 520-foot section of the building was modeled in a 30-minute scenario without sprinkler activation. This yields conservative results of the hot gas temperature and the hot gas layer interface height. The design fire is a fast growth, "t-squared" fire. The fire intensity increases proportionally to the square of time from ignition until a heat release rate of 19,000 BTU/second (20 MW) is achieved. After the fire reaches 19,000 BTU/second, the heat release rate remains constant for the remainder of the model simulation. This represents a fast growing fire until a practical maximum rate of combustion is reached. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 27 - December 9, 1996 ::.TABLE 2 SPRINKLER ACTIVATION FOR A'STANDARD RESPONSE SPRINKLER - FAST FIRE -21 foot Ceiling Height 50 foot Ceiling Height Activation Time (seconds) 245 390 Heat Release Rate 2566 6,725 (Btu/second) Flame Height(feet) 14.8 21 .0 Hot Gas Laver The height and average temperature of the hot gas layer interface during a fire can strongly affect the tenability of the mall. Typically, the smoke control analysis considered smoke removal to indefinitely allow the hot gas layer to remain above a certain height. This analysis demonstrates the tenability of the space throughout the first 30 minutes of a fast growth fire, even if no automatic sprinklers and no smoke exhaust were provided. The roof height varies from 21 feet to 50 feet with a large portion of the mall having a roof height of 27 feet (Refer to Figure 9). A 520-foot by 520-foot section of the building was modeled in a 30-minute scenario without sprinkler activation. This yields conservative results of the hot gas temperature and the hot gas layer interface height. The design fire is a fast growth, "t-squared" fire. The fire intensity increases at a rate proportionate to the square of time from ignition until a heat release rate of 19,000 BTU/second (20 MW) is achieved. After the fire reaches 19,000 BTU/second, the heat release rate remains constant for the remainder of the model simulation. This represents a fast growing fire until a practical maximum rate of combustion is reached. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 27 - December 9, 1996 Revised January 15, 1997 A S G D E F 6 H I J K L M caWOME caNCOUCx AM r- w DOUSE I BUILDING SECTION N.TS. 10-4-96 The average temperature of the hot gas layer rose to 239°F at the end of a 30-minute simulation for a 27-foot ceiling height. For a 21-foot high ceiling, the average temperature of the hot gas layer rose to 331 °F. For the 50-foot high section of the food court, an average height of 42.8 feet is modeled and results in 6 minutes and 40 seconds for the gas layer to descend to the 27 foot height. Thus, if a fire occurred in the food court area, the smoke layer would first fill the high ceiling area and then begin to fill the lower ceiling areas. Comparing the layer height results from the 27-foot modeled space to the 50-foot model results, the hot gas interface height is approximated to be 19.2 feet above the floor at 30 minutes after the fire ignition. In both cases, the temperature of the hot gas layer is insufficient to ignite floor level combustibles by thermal radiation. The hot gas interface height was calculated to be 19.4 feet above the floor for the 27-foot ceiling height for 30 minutes. For the 21-foot ceiling height, the hot gas interface height was determined to be 14.8 feet for 30 minutes. In both cases, the interface height remains above 12 feet, which was the design height for the smoke control analysis. Because the maximum travel distance is 400 feet and with walking speed conservatively estimated at 200 feet per minute, it will take about two minutes to reach the exits of the building. The use of the NIST-developed model "FIRElite" has demonstrated that the time for occupants to flow through the exit doors is approximately 3 minutes 40 seconds. Even doubling this result to allow for various factors results in a period of approximately 7 minutes, substantially less than the time expected to the onset of hazardous conditions. As demonstrated, this exiting time will be considerably less than that for the smoke layer to reach a level which would interfere with occupant egress. As the smoke layer has been shown to remain above 13 feet after 30 minutes, the smoke layer will not impede egress. Electrical Service Even though it has been demonstrated that the design of the building provides passive protection against smoke interfering with egress, a redundant electrical service will be provided by the public utility to the building as standby power for the smoke management ` system, as permitted by the National Electrical Code. Records of each service were reviewed for power interruptions, including simultaneous interruptions of the two services, in order to verify that the provision of two redundant primary electrical services meets the intent of standby power. The use of two such services and an automatic transfer switch for emergency conditions has been approved by the local authorities. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 29 - December 9, 1996 The average temperature of the hot gas layer rose to 239°F at the end of a 30-minute I simulation for a 27-foot ceiling height. For a 21-foot high ceiling, the average temperature of the hot gas layer rose to 331 °F. For the 50-foot high section of the food court, an average height of 42.8 feet is modeled and results in 6 minutes and 40 seconds for the gas layer to descend to the 27-foot height. Thus, if a fire occurred in the food court area, the smoke layer would first fill the high ceiling area and then begin to fill the lower ceiling areas. Comparing the layer height results from the 27-foot modeled space to the 50-foot model results, the hot gas interface height is approximated to be 19.2 feet above the floor at 30 minutes after the fire ignition. In both cases, the temperature of the hot gas layer is insufficient to ignite floor level combustibles by thermal radiation. The.hot gas interface height was calculated to be 19.4 feet above the floor for the 27-foot ceiling height for 30 minutes. For the 21-foot ceiling height, the hot gas interface height was determined to be 14.8 feet for 30 minutes. In both cases, the interface height remains above 12 feet, which was the design height for the smoke control analysis. Because the maximum travel distance is 400 feet and with walking speed conservatively estimated at 250 feet per minute, it will take about 96 seconds to reach the exits of the building. The use of the NIST-developed model "FIRElite" has demonstrated that the time for occupants to flow through the exit doors is approximately 180 seconds. Even doubling this result to allow for various factors results in a period of approximately 6 minutes, substantially less than the expected time to the onset of hazardous conditions. As demonstrated, this exiting time will be considerably less than that for the smoke layer to reach a level which would interfere with occupant egress. As the smoke layer has been shown to remain above 13 feet after 30 minutes, the smoke layer will not impede egress. Electrical Service Even though it has been demonstrated that the design of the building provides passive protection against smoke interfering with egress, a redundant electrical service will be provided by the public utility to the building as standby power for the smoke management system, as permitted by the National Electrical Code. Records of each service were reviewed for power interruptions, including simultaneous interruptions of the two services, in order to verify that the provision of two redundant primary electrical services meets the intent of standby power. The use of two such services and an automatic transfer switch for emergency conditions has been approved by the local authorities. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 29 - December 9, 1996 Revised January 15, 1997 A 105 kW emergency generator will be provided to power the mall's fire alarm system, building automation system, the security room lighting and selected equipment as these are considered more critical in affecting prompt evacuation. Typical tenant areas will use battery powered units for emergency lighting and exit signage as required by the UBC. Certain majors/anchors will also provide an emergency generator at their option. Means of Egress The UBC contemplates that only the gross leasable area (at the 1 person per 50 sq.ft. occupant load) is occupied. It is not necessary to add any occupant load for the mall pedestrian area itself to determine required exit width. Generally, this approach provides a reasonable overall occupant load prediction. However, an exception occurs within the food court. The gross leasable area within the food court is generally limited to small kitchen/serving areas. At Grapevine Mills, a common seating area, with a large number of occupants, is also provided. For this reason, the food court dining area will be independently evaluated for appropriate exit features based upon the actual number of seats. Currently, the actual number of seats for the food court dining area is estimated to be 1,000. Tenant spaces over 1,500 sq.ft. in the core of the building will also have access to an exit passageway from the rear of each space. The covered mall building design includes two separate exit passageways yste Based u on the proposed size, a passageway and tunnel to the exterior is design`e to a comm ate a specified number of occupants exiting via the back of the tenant spa s a into this exit passageway. From a practical standpoint, the width i as d\\up 'a condition more likely to occur. The majority of people would be expect t ex' in the manner they entered the tenant space. Only if the exit route back to t II s obstructed would there be a tendency to exit through the rear of the tenant space. The UBC does not specifically address this issue. Accordingly, exit capacity for approximately one-half of the occupant load through the rear of each core tenant space, consistent with the requirements of NFPA Life Safety Code (LSC), Section 24-2.2.7(b), will be provided. Additionally, a more conservative approach has been taken for sizing the occupant load utilizing the central exit passageway. One-half of the occupant load of the largest expected core tenant is used rather than one-third, as reflected in the exit calculations. The two-thirds factor reflected in the exit calculations for occupants exiting via the mall results in a more conservative approach for sizing mall exiting facilities. While not specifically applicable to this project, appropriate requirements of the LSC are used as a reference for good design practice when the UBC is silent on an issue. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 30 - December 9, 1996 A 150-kW emergency generator will be provided to power the mall's fire alarm system, building automation system, the security room lighting and selected equipment as these are considered to be critical in effecting prompt evacuation. Typical tenant areas will use battery powered units for emergency lighting and exit signage as required by the UBC. Certain majors/anchors will also provide an emergency generator at their option. Means of Egress The UBC contemplates that only the gross leasable area (at the 1 person per 50-sq.ft. occupant load) is occupied. It is not necessary to add any occupant load for the mall pedestrian area itself to determine required exit width. Generally, this approach provides a reasonable overall occupant load prediction. However, an exception occurs within the food court. The gross leasable area within the food court is generally limited to small kitchen/serving areas. At Grapevine Mills, a common seating area, with a large number of occupants, is also provided. For this reason, the food court dining area will be independently evaluated for appropriate exit features based upon the actual number of seats. Currently, the actual number of seats for the food court dining area is estimated to be 1,000. Tenant spaces with a travel distance greater than 75 feet or an occupant load greater than 50 persons (approximately 1 ,500 square feet) in the core of the building will also have access to an exit passageway from the rear of each space. The covered mall building design includes two separate exit passageway systems. Based upon the proposed size, a passageway and tunnel to the exterior is designed to accommodate a specified number of occupants exiting via the back of the tenant spaces and into this exit passageway. From a practical standpoint, the width is based upon a condition more likely to occur. The majority of people would be expected to exit in the manner they entered the tenant space. Only if the exit route back to the mall was obstructed would there be a tendency to exit through the rear of the tenant space. The UBC does not specifically address this issue. Accordingly, exit capacity for approximately one-half of the occupant load through the rear of each core tenant space, consistent with the requirements of NFPA Life Safety Code (LSC), Section 24-2.2.7(b), will be provided. Additionally, a more conservative approach has been taken for sizing the occupant load utilizing the central exit passageway. One-half of the occupant load of the largest expected core tenant is used rather than one-third, as reflected in the exit calculations. The two-thirds factor reflected in the exit calculations for occupants exiting via the mall results in a more conservative approach for sizing mall exiting facilities. While not specifically applicable to this project, appropriate requirements of the LSC are used as a reference for good design practice when the UBC is silent on an issue. i rte. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 30 - December 9, 1996 Revised March 19, 1997 A 150-kW emergency generator will be provided to power the mall's fire alarm system, building automation system, the security room lighting and selected equipment as these are considered to be critical in effecting prompt evacuation. Typical tenant areas will use battery powered units for emergency lighting and exit signage as required by the UBC. Certain majors/anchors will also provide an emergency generator at their option. Means of Egress The UBC contemplates that only the gross leasable area (at the 1 person per 50-sq.ft. occupant load) is occupied. It is not necessary to add any occupant load for the mall pedestrian area itself to determine required exit width. Generally, this approach provides a reasonable overall occupant load prediction. However, an exception occurs within the food court. The gross leasable area within the food court is generally limited to small kitchen/serving areas. At Grapevine Mills, a common seating area, with a large number of occupants, is also provided. For this reason, the food court dining area will be independently evaluated for appropriate exit features based upon the actual number of seats. Currently, the actual number of seats for the food court dining area is 956. Tenant spaces with a travel distance greater than 75 feet or an occupant load greater than 50 persons (approximately 1 ,500 square feet) in the core of the building will also have access to an exit passageway from the rear of each space. The covered mall building design includes two separate exit passageway systems. Based upon the proposed size, a passageway and tunnel to the exterior is designed to accommodate a specified number of occupants exiting via the back of the tenant spaces and into this exit passageway. From a practical standpoint, the width is based upon a condition more likely to occur. The majority of people would be expected to exit in the manner they entered the tenant space. Only if the exit route back to the mall was obstructed would there be a tendency to exit through the rear of the tenant space. The UBC does not specifically address this issue. Accordingly, exit capacity for approximately one-half of the occupant load through the rear of each core tenant space, consistent with the requirements of NFPA Life Safety Code (LSC), Section 24-2.2.7(b), will be provided. Additionally, a more conservative approach has been taken for sizing the occupant load utilizing the central exit passageway. One-half of the occupant load of the largest expected core tenant is used rather than one-third, as reflected in the exit calculations. The two-thirds factor reflected in the exit calculations for occupants exiting via the mall results in a more conservative approach for sizing mall exiting facilities. While not specifically applicable to this project, appropriate requirements of the LSC are used as a reference for good design practice when the UBC is silent on an issue. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 30 - December 9, 1996 Revised September 24, 1997 According to the Life Safety Code criteria, exit passageways are to be sized to independently accommodate the assigned occupant load from only the covered mall/pedestrianway and the largest occupant load assigned to it from a single tenant space. The central passageway has not been included in the required exit capacity for mall occupants. Mall occupants are provided with exiting independent of the central passageway, as illustrated later in this section. Corridors leading to the central passageway which serve the mall area are provided for travel distance and service purposes only. Since no occupant load from the mall pedestrian area is assigned to the central passageway, the more restrictive of the criteria for sizing this passageway will be the occupant load assigned to it from a single tenant space. The current operating lease plan arrangement includes typical core area major tenant spaces up to 28,000 sq.ft. in area. The largest expected area for a core tenant space is conservatively assumed to be 47,860 sq.ft. A typical tenant space will have approximately 85% sales area and 15% stockroom area. Applying an occupant load factor of 30 sq.ft. per person (based upon UBC Table 33-A) for a retail sales room and an occupant load factor of 300 sq.ft. per person to the stockroom area results in a total occupant load of 1,380 persons for the largest expected core area tenant space. One-half of the occupant load of the largest expected core tenant area is 690 persons. This is the occupant load for which the central exit passageway is be sized. An occupant load of 690 persons requires a minimum clear exit width of 11 ft. 6 in. Therefore, the required clear width of the central exit passageway is 11 ft. 6 in. The 30 sq.ft. per person occupant load factor is used because each tenant space must be evaluated independently for adequate means of egress. The 50 sq.ft. per person occupant load factor is applied to the covered mall building as a whole and is based upon gross leasable area. As indicated for the core tenants, each exit passageway would have access to a single tunnel to the exterior providing a capacity for one-half of the occupant load of the largest expected core area tenant space. UBC Section 3312(a) indicates that, except for the construction and opening protection, exit passageways are to meet the requirements for exits in UBC Section 3305 (Corridors). UBC Section 3305(e) indicates that when more than one exit is required, they shall be arranged that occupants can go in either direction from a point in a corridor to a separate exit. This does not apply to exit passageways as they are already considered an exit. Additionally, adequate exit signage will be provided to direct occupants appropriately. C SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 31 - December 9, 1996 Revised October 1999 According to the Life Safety Code criteria, exit passageways are to be sized to independently accommodate the assigned occupant load from only the covered mall/pedestrianway and the largest occupant load assigned to it from a single tenant space. The central passageway has not been included in the required exit capacity for mall occupants. Mall occupants are provided with exiting independent of the central passageway, as illustrated later in this section. Corridors leading to the central passageway which serve the mall area are provided for travel distance and service purposes only. Since no occupant load from the mall pedestrian area is assigned to the central passageway, the more restrictive of the criteria for sizing this passageway will be the occupant load assigned to it from'a single tenant space. The current tenant lease plan arrangement includes typical core area tenant spaces up to 10,000 sq.ft. in area. The largest expected area for a core tenant space is conservatively assumed to be 47,860 sq.ft. A typical tenant space will have approximately 85% sales area and 15% stockroom area. Applying an occupant load factor of 30 sq.ft. per person (based upon UBC Table 33-A) for a retail sales room and an occupant load factor of 300 sq.ft. per person to the stockroom area results in a total occupant load of 1 ,380 persons for the largest expected core area tenant space. One-half of the occupant load of the largest expected core tenant area is 690 persons. This is the occupant load for which the central exit passageway is be sized. An occupant load of 690 persons requires a minimum clear exit width of 11 ft. 6 in. Therefore, the required clear width of the central exit passageway is 11 ft. 6 in. The 30 sq.ft. per person occupant load factor is used because each tenant space must be evaluated independently for adequate means of egress. The 50 sq.ft. per person occupant load factor is applied to the covered mall building as a whole and is based upon gross leasable area. As indicated for the core tenants, each exit passageway would have access to a single 'tunnel to the exterior providing a capacity for one-half of the occupant load of the largest expected core area tenant space. UBC Section 3312(a) indicates that, except for the construction and opening protection, exit passageways are to meet the requirements for exits in UBC Section 3305 (Corridors). UBC Section 3305(e) indicates that when more, than one exit is required, they shall be arranged that occupants can go in either direction from a point in a corridor to a separate exit. This does not apply to exit passageways as they are already considered an exit. Additionally, adequate exit signage will be provided to direct occupants appropriately. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 31 - December 9, 1996 Walls, floors, and ceilings of exit passageways are to be of 1-hour fire-resistive construction. In lieu of having the walls extend to the roof deck, a UL listed fire-resistive floor/ceiling assembly creating a "tunnel type" corridor, with metal studs (open with no gypsum board) extending to the roof deck to provide lateral stability, where necessary, for the corridor will be provided (Figure 10). This arrangement contributes to the effectiveness of the building smoke management system by allowing smoke to flow unimpeded by full height walls. Exit passageways will also be provided for certain perimeter retail areas. All tenants of sufficient size to require a minimum of two means of egress will be served by passageways or corridors connected to passageways at the rear of each tenant space, or exits discharging directly to the exterior of the building. The locations of the exit passageways are primarily determined by travel distance requirements from the mall and possibly distances within individual tenant spaces. The UBC mall provisions permit the exit passageways to be used for servicing for tenants. Signs indicating that storage within the exit passageway is not permitted will be provided in accordance with the mall fire code provisions. Openings into exit passageways are limited to those necessary for exiting from normally occupied spaces, per Section 3312(a) of the UBC. In a covered mall building, it is necessary to provide for services to the tenant spaces that are maintained by the mall management (e.g., water, electricity, telephone, fire protection). These services must be located in a common space controlled by the mall management and, therefore, cannot be located within the tenant spaces. Frequently, these services are logically located with direct access to service corridors or exit passageway/corridors at the rear of the tenant spaces. The BOCA National Building Code provides for this type of arrangement and the NFPA Life Safety Code has, for its 1997 edition, approved a revision which also permits such an arrangement. As previously stated, this arrangement has been approved by the local authorities in this project with certain conditions applied. Service areas will be permitted to open onto exit passageways provided the service area is fully sprinklered and a 2-hour fire resistance rated enclosure is provided around the room or space. Doors in the walls of the 2-hour enclosure will be 1 1/2-hour rated, gasketed doors. One hour construction will be utilized for the ceilings of these rooms with 10 percent open area to allow for smoke movement to the volume above. The rooms will also have automatic sprinkler protection and smoke detection. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 32 - December 9, 1996 i Walls, floors, and ceilings of exit passageways are to be of 1-hour fire-resistive construction. In lieu of having the walls extend to the roof deck, a modified UL listed fire- resistive floor/ceiling assembly creating a "tunnel type" corridor, with metal studs (open with no gypsum board) extending to the roof deck to provide lateral stability, where necessary, for the corridor will be provided (Figure 10). This arrangement contributes to the effectiveness of the building smoke management system by allowing smoke to flow unimpeded by full height walls. Exit passageways will also be provided for certain perimeter retail areas. All tenants of sufficient size to require a minimum of two means of egress will be served by passageways or corridors connected to passageways at the rear of each tenant space, or exits discharging directly to the exterior of the building. The locations of the exit passageways are primarily determined by travel distance requirements from the mall and possibly distances within individual tenant spaces. The UBC mall provisions permit the exit passageways to be used for servicing for tenants. Signs indicating that storage within the exit passageway is not permitted will be provided in accordance with the mall fire code provisions. Openings into exit passageways are limited to those necessary for exiting from normally occupied spaces, per Section 3312(a) of the UBC. In a covered mall building, it is necessary to provide for services to the tenant spaces that are maintained by the mall management (e.g., water, electricity, telephone, fire protection). These services must be located in a common space controlled by the mall management and, therefore, cannot be located within the tenant spaces. Frequently, these services are logically located with direct access to service corridors or exit passageway/corridors at the rear of the tenant spaces. The BOCA National Building Code provides for this type of arrangement and the NFPA Life Safety Code has, for its 1997 edition, approved a revision which also permits such an arrangement. As previously stated, this arrangement has been approved by the local authorities in this project with certain conditions applied. Service areas will be permitted to open onto exit passageways provided the service area is fully sprinklered and a 2-hour fire resistance rated enclosure is provided around the room or space. Doors in the walls of the 2-hour enclosure will be 1 Y2-hour rated, gasketed doors. One hour construction will be utilized for the ceilings of these rooms with 10 percent open area to allow for smoke movement to the volume above. The rooms will also have automatic sprinkler protection and smoke detection. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 32 - December 9, 1996 Revised July 7, 1997 Walls, floors, and ceilings of exit passageways are to be of 1-hour fire-resistive construction. In lieu of having the walls extend to the roof deck, a modified UL listed fire- resistive floor/ceiling assembly creating a "tunnel type" corridor, with metal studs (open with no gypsum board) extending to the roof deck to provide lateral stability, where necessary, for the corridor will be provided (Figure 10). This arrangement contributes to the effectiveness of the building smoke management system by allowing smoke to flow unimpeded by full height walls. Exit passageways will also be provided for certain perimeter retail areas. All tenants of sufficient size to require a minimum of two means of egress will be served by passageways or corridors connected to passageways at the rear of each tenant space, or exits discharging directly to the exterior of the building. The locations of the exit passageways are primarily determined by travel distance requirements from the mall and possibly distances within individual tenant spaces. The UBC mall provisions permit the exit passageways to be used for servicing for tenants. Signs indicating that storage within the exit passageway is not permitted will be provided in accordance with the mall fire code provisions. Openings into exit passageways are limited to those necessary for exiting from normally occupied spaces, per Section 3312(a) of the UBC. In a covered mall building, it is necessary to provide for services to the tenant spaces that are maintained by the mall management (e.g., water, electricity, telephone, fire protection). These services must be located in a common space controlled by the mall management and, therefore, cannot be located within the tenant spaces. Frequently, these services are logically located with direct access to service corridors or exit passageway/corridors at the rear of the tenant spaces. The BOCA National Building Code provides for this type of arrangement and the NFPA Life Safety Code has, for its 1997 edition, approved a revision which also permits such an arrangement. As previously stated, this arrangement has been approved by the local authorities in this project with certain conditions applied. Service areas will be permitted to open onto exit passageways provided the service area is fully sprinklered and a 2-hour fire resistance rated enclosure is provided around the room or space. Doors in the walls of the 2-hour enclosure will be 1 %z-hour rated, gasketed doors. One hour construction will be utilized for the ceilings of these rooms with 10 percent open area to allow for smoke movement to the volume above. The rooms will also have automatic sprinkler protection and smoke detection. These special protection features will not apply to retail management spaces. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 32 - December 9, 1996 Revised September 24, 1997 I HOUR FIRE RESISTANCE RATED FLOOR6ZEI1IN6 ASIMM5LY UL DE516N L524, SYSTEM NOTE: NO. T WITH. IF WIDTH = b'-0" INSTEAD OF 2 b", FLO = 1-5 1b" 12'-0", HORIZONTAL AND JOINT Ib ga. a 2'-0" O/C, CONNECTION CAN BE I. FINISH FLOORING - M/52 IN. FIRE RETARDANT TREATED PLYWOOD, MIN. GRADE A TO BE "G-D" EXPOSURE OR "C-D" WITH EXTERIOR 6LUE CONFORMING WITH 10" A P51-b3. -- ----------- --- 2. STEEL JOISTS - THE JOISTS ARE CHANNEL-SHAPED,-1 IN. MIN DEPTH WITH I- 516 IN. MIN WIDTH FLANGES AND 1/2 IN. LONG STIFFENING FLANCE5. THE - ----------- - JOISTS ARE FABRICATED FROM MIN. NO. 18 M5&,SAW. STEEL. - - 2-I/2" I ° —-—_—- 5• IN. W B ARD6YP5UM - FOR GEILINS - T'WO LAYERS OF 1/2 IN. THICK BY 45 __ ___________ 4. PASTTENED TO STEEL TEEL JOI TSSWITH TYPE 512 FLOOR BY 1-15/16 IN LONG SELF- --#-- ----------- --- X10 SCREWS A DRILLING, PILOT POINT,517EEL 5CREH5. �8 SCREWS I I 5. J015T STIFFENERS - (NOT SHOWN.) MIN. NO. 16 M56,SAW. STEEL. A b STIFFENERS ARE CHANNEL-SHAPED, 6-15116 IN. LONG, 5-1/2 IN. DEEP WITH b" I 1-5/6 IN. FLAN6E5 AND 1/2 IN. STIFFENING PLAN6E5. b. JOIST BRIDGING - MOT SHOWN) - INSTALLED IMMEDIATELY AFTER J015T5 ARE ERECTED AND BEFORE CONSTRUCTION LOADS ARE APPLIED. O 10" DEEP Lam, I-5/b" FLO., I HOUR FIRE RE515TANCE RATED WALL ASSEMBLY UL DeyaN L465 wiru Ib ga. 02'-0" O/C. 'T. STEEL FLOOR AND CEILING TRACKS - (NOT SHOWN) - TOP AND BOTTOM TRACKS OF WALL ASSEMBLIES SHALL CONSIST OF STEEL MEMBERS, MIN. NO. PROVIDE ONE ROW OF FULL DEPTH JOIST 25 MSG 6ALV. STEEL. ATTACHED TO FLOOR WITH FASTENERS © BRIDGING AT THE MID-SPAN OF THE JOISTS n `-CAGED 24 IN. O.G. MAX. I-I/4 IN. LE65, 316 IN, FOLDED SACK RETURNS. FINISH WHERE THE JOIST SPAN EXCEEDS 6 FEET. I � 1' b. STEEL STUDS - STEEL STUDS, MIN. 5-5/5 IN. HIDE, MIN. NO. 25 MSS SAW. STEEL. THE MAX. STUD 5PAGIN6 OF WALL ASSEMBLIES SHALL i NOT EXCEED 24 IN. O.G. C 2 9. LATERAL SUPPORT MEMBERS - MOT SHOWN) - WHERE REOUIRED FOR 0 0 0 0 0 5£E ITEM I LATERAL SUPPORT OF STUDS, SUPPORT MAY BE PROVIDED BY MEANS OF LIVE LOAD = 10 PSF 0 STEEL STRAPS, CHANNELS OR OTHER SIMILAR MEANS. z FINISH SECTION A-A s 10. HALLIS ARM,ION MARKING AS FIRE KA"BOARD !EA IN6 THE UL APPLIED VERTICALLY QV W WITH JOINTS BETWEEN LAYERS STAGGERED. ONE LAYER a 518 R' (� 0 . 0 IN. THICK FOR THE I HR. RATING. 11. �TE RS - (NOT SHOWN) - SCREWS USED TO ATTACH WALLBOARD TO < 1:2'-.0"12,-0„ 12. BAT AND BLANKETS - MAY OR MAY NOT BE USED IN INTERIOR WALLS. V 4E ANY &LASS P15M OR MINERAL WOOL BATT' MATERIAL TO COMPLETELY FILL O STUD CAVITY. 0 0 13. JOINT TAPE AND COMPOUND - (NOT SHOWN) - VINYL OR CASON, DRY OR 10 HORIZONTAL SECTION PREM OMP JOINT COMPOUND. 0 � ° 0 h 0 0 FIOURE 10. ''TUNNEL TYPEII CORRIDOR DETAIL " ' , r.' O STANDARD TRACK, Ib a. gg N.T.S. ab 5GREW, EACH FLO. (TYP) ®b" DEEP LGM, I-5/b" FLO., Nolw= Ib ga. (BOTH SIDES) a 21-O" to 5TFtUGN2AL DESIGN PER M6NAMAR tv ALV A,ft.TRPJSMITTAL DATED MAY 9,1996 O/C. •THE UL A55EMBLIES NOTED PROVIDE MINIMJM DE51BN CRITERIA. 5TRUGTURAL RBWIFmll S MAY P.D.F. (5/32" MIA., 1-1/4" NECESSITATE HEAVIER 6AU6E MEI DER5 OR MOPE RESTRICTIVE CONSTRUCTION METHODS. 2 996 PENETRATION ® I'-O" O/G) I HOUR FIRE RE515TANCE RATED FLOOR/GEILIN6 ASSEMBLY UL DE516N L524 SYSTEM NOTE: NO (MODIFIED) WITH: IF WIDTH = b'-O" INSTEAD OF �B", FLO = 1-5/8" 12'-0", HORIZONTAL AND JOINT 18 ga. a 2'-0" O/G 1. FINISH FLOORIN6 - ONE LAYER OF 5/H IN. THICK BY 48 IN. WIDE SHEETS. CONNECTION CAN BE I-I/2"� " 2. STEEL JOISTS - THE JOISTS ARE CHANNEL-SHAPED,-T IN. MIN DEPTH WITH I- 101, 5/6 IN. MIN WIDTH FLAN6E5 AND 1/2 IN. LONG STIFFENING FLANGES. THE A _ . -------- _-- JOISTS ARE FABRICATED FROM MIN. NO. 16 M56,6ALV. STEEL. 3. WALLBOARD GYPSUM - FOR GEILIN6 - ONE LAYER OF 5/8 IN. THICK BY 49 SHEETS. 2-1/2" ° 4. FLOORING FASTENERS - THE FIRST LAYER OF FLOOR SYSTEM TO BE _ FASTENED TO THE STEEL JOISTS WITH TYPE 512 BY 1-15116 IN. LONG SELF--- DRILLING, PILOT POINT, STEEL SCREWS. -- -- ----------- --- *10 SCREWS 5. J015T STIFFENERS - (NOT SHOWN) MIN. NO. 18 MSG, 6ALV. STEEL. --#-- STIFFENERS ARE CHANNEL-SHAPED, 6-15116 IN. LONG, 5-1/2 IN. DEEP WITH �g ^ I b 1-5/8 IN. FLANGES AND 1/2 IN. STIFFENING FLAN6E5. r'c b" I 6 INSTALLED ARE ERECTED A BEFORE CONS TRUCT LOADS ARE APPLIED. FISTS I I HOUR FIRE RE5IST6NGE RATED WALL ASSEMBLY. UL DEVON U465 WITH: T. STEEL FLOOR AND CEILING TRACKS - (NOT SHOWN) - TOP AND BOTTOM O 10" DEEP LOM, 1-5/8" FLG., TRACKS OF WALL ASSEMBLIES SHALL CONSIST OF STEEL MEMBERS, MIN. NO. Ib ga. 02'-0" O/G. 25 M50 6ALV. STEEL. ATTACHED TO FLOOR WITH FASTENERS SPACED 24 IN, O.G. MAX.. 1-1/4 IN. LEGS, 518 IN. FOLDED BACK RETURNS. © PROVIDE ONE ROW OF FULL DEPTH JOIST 8. STEEL STUDS - STEEL STUDS, MIN. 5-5/B IN. WIDE, MIN. NO. 25 M56 $RIDGING AT THE MID-5PAN OF THE JOISTS 4 6ALV. STEEL. THE MAX. STUD SPAGIN6 OF WALL ASSEMBLIES SHALL FINISH WHERE THE JOIST SPAN EXCEEDS 6 FEET. NOT EXCEED 24 IN. O.G. p R. LATERAL SUPPORT MEMBERS - MOT SHOW - WHERE REWIRED FOR LATERAL SUPPORT OF STUDS, SUPPORT MAY BE PROVIDED BY MEANS OF 0 0 0 0 0 2 `SEE ITEM STEEL STRAPS, CHANNELS OR OTHER SIMILAR MEANS. C 10. WALLBOARD, GYPSUM - GYPSUM WALLBOARD BEARING THE UL LIVE LOAD = 10 PSF 0 CLASSIFICATION MARKING AS TO FIRE RESISTANCE. APPLIED VERTICALLY Z^ SECTION A-A 5 N'TTHG FOR LAYERS RA TA66ERED. ONE LAYER 6 5/8 v N FINISH q p . 0 11. FASTENERS - (NOT SHOWN) - 5GREW5 USED TO ATTACH WALLBOARD TO 0 w N 0 12 8 STUDS. 12. BAITS AND BLANKETS - MAY OR MAY NOT BE USED IN INTERIOR WALLS. X3 p .9 p 0 F--- _, _ .. ANY 6LAS5 FIBER OR MINERAL WOOL BATT MATERIAL TO COMPLETELY FILL 10 STUD CAVITY. 15. JOINT TAPE AND COMPOUND - (NOT SHOWN) - VINYL OR CASEIN, DRY OR O p 0 PREMIXED JOINT COMPOUND. o HORIZONTAL SECTION 0 Q o r 0 o F I O URE 10. "TUNNEL TYPE II GORRI DOR DETAIL STANDARD TRACK, 15 #e, a. NTS � . •. � SCREW, EACH FLG. TYP.) ®b" DEEP LOM, 1-5/8" FLG., NOTES: 18 a. (BOTH SID£5) ® 2'-O" •STRUCTURAL DESIGN PER McNAMARA/rALVIA IIVG,TRANSMITTAL DATED MAY 9,1996 g *THE UL ASSEMBLIES NOTED PROVIDE MINIK"DESIGN OMTEMA, STRUGTURAL REVIREMENTS MAY O/G, NECE55ITATE HEAVIER 6AU6E MEMBERS OP.MORE RESTRICTIVE CONSTRUCTION METHODS. REVISED E-111-97 PENETRATION a 1'-0" O/C) �3 A number of special egress provisions apply to buildings designed under the covered mall section of the UBC. These provisions will be met with the design of Grapevine Mills and include the following: • The total maximum travel distance from within a tenant space to an exit or to the tenant entrance at the public mall area should not exceed 200 feet. An additional 200 feet of travel distance is then permitted from any point in the mall to an exit. Refer to the attached exit drawing 01/03 for a graphic representation of actual travel distances within the mall pedestrian area. • Mall dead ends can be no greater than twice the width of the mall [Sec. 5604(f)]. • Exit passageways and corridors from the mall are required to be a minimum of 66" wide [Sec. 5604(f)]. • Storage is not permitted in exit passageways that are used for service to tenants. Signs prohibiting such storage are required to be posted [Sec. 5604(f)]. • Design of the covered mall building exits is to be based on the gross leasable area formula in Section 5604(b) of the UBC. As the gross leasable area of the mall exceeds 350,000 sq.ft., an occupant load factor 1 person per 50 sq.ft. is -to be used. • Each individual tenant is required to be provided with means of egress in accordance with other provisions of the UBC. • A second exit access door is required from a space with an occupant load greater than 50 or when the travel distance within the space to the mall exceeds 75 feet. For individual retail tenant spaces, an occupant load factor of 1 person per 30 sq.ft. is required [Sec. 5604(c)]. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 34 - December 9, 1996 Section 5604(d) of the UBC requires that Group A, Division 1, 2 and 2.1 occupancies, other than drinking and dining establishments, be located in a mall such that the entrance to the space is immediately adjacent to a principal entrance of the mall. Additionally, at least one-half of their required exits are to open directly to the exterior of the covered mall building. For Grapevine Mills, such occupancies will be provided with exit facilities as specified by code. However, when computing mall egress requirements, the major assembly spaces have been computed as for other Majors, adding gross leasable area into the mall exit width calculation to allow for possible future use as retail spaces. Large assembly tenants, such as Major/Anchors E and B, will have their exiting independent of the mall. As Section 5604(9) indicates, the "mall" may be considered a corridor. Some rear passageways may be designed as corridors with reentry to the mall from the corridor as part of the exit scheme. Occupant Load Calculations The following calculations illustrate that adequate exiting will be provided for Grapevine Mills, based upon reasonable assumptions. Refer to Figures 11 through 13 for a graphic representation of the Grapevine Mills egress scheme. The egress drawings are based upon the current operating leasing plan, dated August 5, 1999. Definitions The following definitions are provided to distinguish between the various types of tenant spaces at Grapevine Mills for exit calculation purposes only. Non-Major Core Tenants: Tenants inside "racetrack" mall with exit access via the mall or central exit passageway only. Non-Major Tenants: Perimeter tenants with exit access via the mall or exit passageway. Major Core Tenants: Major tenants inside "racetrack" mall with exit access via the mall or central exit passageway only. Major Tenants: Tenants located on the perimeter of the covered mall building with direct access to the exterior. r� SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 35 - December 9, 1996 Revised October 1999 Section 5604(d) of the UBC requires that Group A, Division 1, 2 and 2.1 occupancies, other than drinking and dining establishments, be located in a mall such that the entrance to the space is immediately adjacent to a principal entrance of the mall. Additionally, at least one-half of their required exits are to open directly to the exterior of the covered mall building. For Grapevine Mills, such occupancies will be provided with exit facilities as specified by code. However, when computing mall egress requirements, the major/anchor assembly spaces have been computed as for other major/anchors, adding gross leasable area into the mall exit width calculation to allow for possible future use as retail spaces. Large assembly tenants, such as Major/Anchors E and 0, will have their exiting independent of the mall. ` As Section 5604(g) indicates, the "mall" may be considered a corridor. Some rear 1 passageways may be designed as corridors with reentry to the mall from the corridor as \part of the exit scheme. Occupant Load Calculations The following calculations illustrate that adequate exiting will be provided for Grapevine Mills, based upon reasonable assumptions. Refer to Figures 11 through 13 and the large scale exit drawings for a graphic representation of the Grapevine Mills egress scheme. The egress drawings are based upon PLP-10 (draft). - Definitions i 4 � i The following definitions are provided to distinguish between the various types of tenant spaces at Grapevine Mills for exit calculation purposes only. Non-Major-Core Tenants: Tenants inside "racetrack" mall with exit access via the mall or central exit passageway only. Non-Major Tenants: Perimeter tenants with exit access via the mall or exit passageway. Major Core Tenants: Major tenants inside "racetrack" mall with exit access via the mall or central exit passageway only. Major Tenants: Tenants located on the perimeter of the covered mall building with direct access to the exterior. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 35 - December 9, 1996 Section 5604(d) of the UBC requires that Group A, Division 1, 2 and 2.1 occupancies, other than drinking and dining establishments, be located in a mall such that the entrance to the space is immediately adjacent to a principal entrance of the mall. Additionally, at least one-half of their required exits are to open directly to the exterior of the covered mall building. For Grapevine Mills, such occupancies will be provided with exit facilities as specified by code. However, when computing mall egress requirements, the major/anchor assembly spaces have been computed as for other major/anchors, adding gross leasable area into the mall exit width calculation to allow for possible future use as retail spaces. Large assembly tenants, such as Major/Anchor E, will have their exiting independent of the mall. As Section 5604(8) indicates, the "mall" may be considered a corridor. Some rear passageways may be designed as corridors with reentry to the mall from the corridor as part of the exit scheme. l jC Occupant Load Calculations The following calculations illustrate that adequate exiting will be provided for Grapevine Mills, based upon reasonable assumptions. Refer to Figures 11 through 13 and the large scale exit drawings for a graphic representation of the Grapevine Mills egress scheme. The egress drawings are based upon PLP-10-03, issued January 20, 1997. Definitions i The following definitions are provided to distinguish between the various types of tenant spaces at Grapevine Mills for exit calculation purposes only. Non-Major Core Tenants: Tenants inside "racetrack" mall with exit access via the mall or central exit passageway only. Non-Major Tenants: Perimeter tenants with exit access via the mall or exit passageway. Major Core Tenants: Major tenants inside "racetrack" mall with exit access via the mall or central exit passageway only. Major Tenants: Tenants located on the perimeter of the covered mall building with direct access to the exterior. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 35 - December 9, 1996 Revised July 7, 1997 Section 5604(d) of the UBC requires that Group A, Division 1, 2 and 2.1 occupancies, other than drinking and dining establishments, be located in a mall such that the entrance to the space is immediately adjacent to a principal entrance of the mall. Additionally, at least one-half of their required exits are to open directly to the exterior of the covered mall building. For Grapevine Mills, such occupancies will be provided with exit facilities as specified by code. However, when computing mall egress requirements, the major/anchor assembly spaces have been computed as for other major/anchors, adding gross leasable area into the mall exit width calculation to allow for possible future use as retail spaces. Large assembly tenants, such as Major/Anchor E, will have their exiting independent of the mall. As Section 5604(g) indicates, the "mall" may be considered a corridor. Some rear passageways may be designed as corridors with reentry to the mall from the corridor as part of the exit scheme. Occupant Load Calculations The following calculations illustrate that adequate exiting will be provided for Grapevine Mills, based upon reasonable assumptions. Refer to Figures 11 through 13 and the large scale exit drawings for a graphic representation of the Grapevine Mills egress scheme. The egress drawings are based upon the current leasing plan (PLP-14). Definitions The following definitions are provided to distinguish between the various types of tenant spaces at Grapevine Mills for exit calculation purposes only. Non-Major Core Tenants: Tenants inside "racetrack" mall with exit access via the mall or central exit passageway only. Non-Major Tenants: Perimeter tenants with exit access via the mall or exit passageway. Major Core Tenants: Major tenants inside "racetrack" mall with exit access via the mall or central exit passageway only. Major Tenants: Tenants located on the perimeter of the covered mall building with direct access to the exterior. r SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 35 - December 9, 1996 Revised July 7, 1997 assumptions • Two-thirds of the occupant load of non-major tenants will exit via the mall; 1/3 to exit passageway or exterior. • One-third of the occupant load of major retail, restaurant, and assembly tenants with a main exterior entrance will exit via the mall; 3/3 to exit passageway or exterior. • Two-thirds of the occupant load of major retail, restaurant, and assembly tenants without a main exterior entrance will exit via the mall; 1/3 to exit passageway or exterior. • Exit passageways will be a minimum 66" clear width, except for the central exit passageway. • The central exit passageway is 11 feet 6 inches in clear width. • The central exit passageway is sized to accommodate '/2 of the largest expected core area tenant space occupant load. • Individual occupancies will be provided with exiting facilities in accordance with applicable UBC requirements. • •.__Majors E and B.will have exiting independent of the mall. • For mall exit capacity purposes, major assembly tenant spaces have been considered the same as other major tenant spaces based upon the provision of a main exterior entrance. For tenant exiting purposes, a major assembly space will exit a minimum of 50 percent of the calculated occupant load to the exterior, per UBC requirements. Area Summarv1 Non-major Tenants (perimeter and core): Specialty Stores 508,569 sq.ft. t Restaurants 16,158 sq.ft. Kiosks/Leasable Storage 17,130 sq.ft. Food Court Tenants —9 nnnsq ft "f 550,857 sq.ft. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 36 - December 9, 1996 Revised October 1999 Assumptions • Two-thirds of the occupant load of non-major tenants will exit via the mall; 1/3 to exit passageway or exterior. • One-third of the occupant load of major retail, restaurant, and assembly tenants with a main exterior entrance will exit via the mall; 2/3 to exit passageway or exterior. • Two-thirds of the occupant load of major retail, restaurant, and assembly tenants without a main exterior entrance will exit via the mall; 1/3 to exit passageway or exterior. • Exit passageways will be a minimum 66" clear width, except for the central exit passageway. • The central exit passageway is 11 feet 6 inches in clear width. • The central exit passageway is sized to accommodate 1/2 of the largest expected core area tenant space occupant load. (Refer to Sheet 01/02.) • Individual occupancies will be provided with exiting facilities in accordance with applicable UBC requirements. • Major E will have exiting independent of the mall. • For mall exit capacity purposes, major assembly tenant spaces have been considered the same as other major tenant spaces based upon the provision of a main exterior entrance. For tenant exiting purposes, a major assembly space will exit a minimum of 50 percent of the calculated occupant load to the exterior, per UBC requirements. (Refer to Sheet 01/02.) Area Summary' Non-major Tenants (perimeter and core): Specialty Stores 531 ,052 sq.ft. Food Court Tenants 13.312 sg.ft. 544,364 sq.ft. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 36 - December 9, 1996 Revised July 7, 1997 Assumptions • Two-thirds of the occupant load of non-major tenants will exit via the mall; 1/3 to exit passageway or exterior. • One-third of the occupant load of major retail, restaurant, and assembly tenants with a main exterior entrance will exit via the mall; y3 to exit passageway or exterior. • Two-thirds of the occupant load of major retail, restaurant, and assembly tenants without a main exterior entrance will exit via the mall; 1/3 to exit passageway or exterior. • Exit passageways will be a minimum 66" clear width, except for the central exit passageway. • The central exit passageway is 11 feet 6 inches in clear width. • The central exit passageway is sized to accommodate 1A of the largest expected core area tenant space occupant load. (Refer to Sheet 01/02.) • Individual occupancies will be provided with exiting facilities in accordance with applicable UBC requirements. • Majors E and 0 will have exiting independent of the mall. • For mall exit capacity purposes, major assembly tenant spaces have been considered the same as other major tenant spaces based upon the provision of a main exterior entrance. For tenant exiting purposes, a major assembly space will exit a minimum of 50 percent of the calculated occupant load to the exterior, per UBC requirements. (Refer to Sheet 01/02.) _ Area Summary' Non-major Tenants (perimeter and core): Specialty Stores 560,740 sq.ft. Food Court Tenants 9,014 sg.ft. f 569,754 sq.ft. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 36 - December 9, 1996 Major Tenants Without Main Entrance/Exit to Exterior: A2. Iguana Ameramex 22,856 sq.ft. C. Western Warehouse 20,000 sq.ft. Ft a. Jekyll & Hyde 19,058 sgst- F1b. American Wilderness 013,203 sq.ft. H. Marshall's 29,397 sq.ft. L. Group USA 23,257 sq.ft. M. Old Navy 23,329 sq.ft. N. Rainforest Cafe 22,602 sq.ft. P. Books A Million 23,978 sq.ft. Q. Off Rodeo Drive 24,203 sq.ft. R. Virgin Megastore 27,490 sq.ft. T. Fashion 30,062 sq.ft U. Sports Authority aR 762 sq ft 328,199 sq.ft. Major Tenants With Main Entrance/Exit to Exterior: Al. Major 23,814 sq.ft. D. Gameworks (w/mezz.) 33,623 sq.ft. F2. Restaurant 20,002 sq.ft. G. Major 26,691 sq.ft. I. Burlington Coat Factory 100,102 sq.ft. J. JC Penney Outlet Store 106,207 sq.ft. K. Bed, Bath & Beyond 40,340 sq.ft. S. Off 5th Saks Fifth Avenue Outlet 3 QR-- R9 sq fft-- 385,761 sq.ft. Major Tenants With Exiting Independent of Mall: E. AMC Cinemas 108,667 sq.ft. B. Polar Ice 89 nR7 sq ft_ 190,704 sq.ft. Total Gross Leasable Area: 1 4SS 591 c^ ft SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 37 - December 9, 1996 Revised October 1999 Major Tenants Without Main Entrance/Exit to Exterior: F2. IMAX 12-,-504--sq.ft. L ' L. Group USA 23,509 sq.ft. M. Fashion 17,870 sq.ft. Q. Mikasa 16,634 sq.ft. ' S. Fashion 17,327 sq.ft. ' T. Future Major 16,180 sq.ft. V. Off Rodeo Drive 25,733 sa.ft. 129,757 sq.ft. Major Tenants With Main Entrance/Exit to Exterior: •A__ Future Major _ - -- 37,292 sq.ft. 81. Kittle's 112,529 sq.ft. H2. Major 16,371 sq.ft. C. Major 19,002 sq.ft. D. Gameworks 20,000 sq.ft. k F1 . American Wilderness 32,496 sq.ft. - G. Major 35,032 sq.ft. H. TJ Maxx 35,016 sq.ft. I. Burlington Coat Factory 100,020 sq.ft. J. JC Penney Outlet Store 105,011 sq.ft. K. Bed, Bath & Beyond 39,989 sq.ft. _ N. Rainforest Cafe 22,338 sq.ft. P. Books 22,809 sq.ft. R. Off 5th Saks Fifth Avenue Outlet 35,100 sq.ft. U. Sports 45.077 sa.ft. 678,082 sq.ft. Major Tenants With Exiting Independent of Mall: E. United Artists 70,113 sq.ft. 0. Graham's Alley 50.788 sa.ft. 120,901 sq.ft. Total Gross Leasable Area: 1 ,498,494 sq.ft.- SEC Project No. 1796008-001 37 - December 9, 1996 Major Tenants Without Main Entrance/Exit to Exterior: C. Major 19,920 sq.ft. F1. American Wilderness 32,261 sq.ft. H. Marshall's 30,005 sq.ft. L. Group USA 23,273 sq.ft. M. Fashion 23,165 sq.ft. N. Rainforest Cafe 22,349 sq.ft. Mikasa 15,518 sq.ft. P. Books A Million 23,819 sq.ft. Q. Off Rodeo Drive 24,211 sq.ft. R. Virgin Megastore 27,494 sq.ft. T. Fashion 30,062 sq.ft. U. Sports Authority 48,147 sa.ft. 320,224 sq.ft. Major Tenants With Main Entrance/Exit to Exterior: A. Future Major 69,431 sq.ft. B. Polar Ice (w/mezz.) 84,686 sq.ft. D. Gameworks (w/mezz.) 34,516 sq.ft. G. Major 35,790 sq.ft. I. Burlington Coat Factory 100,065 sq.ft. J. JC Penney Outlet Store 106,697 sq.ft. K. Bed, Bath & Beyond 40,397 sq.ft. S. Off 5th Saks Fifth Avenue Outlet 34,981 sq.ft. 506,563 sq.ft. Major Tenants With Exiting Independent of Mall: E. AMC Cinemas 110,000 sq.ft. Total Gross Leasable Area: 1 .481 ,1 51 sa.ft. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 37 - December 9, 1996 Revised July 7, 1997 Major Tenants Without Main Entrance/Exit to Exterior: C. Major 19,920 sq.ft. F1 . American Wilderness 32,261 sq.ft. H. Marshall's 30,005 sq.ft. L. Group USA 23,273 sq.ft. M. Fashion 23,165 sq.ft. N. Rainforest Cafe 22,349 sq.ft. Mikasa 15,518 sq.ft. P. Books A Million 23,819 sq.ft. Q. Off Rodeo Drive 24,211 sq.ft. R. Virgin Megastore 27,494 sq.ft. T. Fashion 30,062 sq.ft. U. Sports Authority 48,147 sg.ft. 320,224 sq.ft. Major Tenants With Main Entrance/Exit to Exterior: A. Future Major 69,431 sq.ft. B. Polar Ice (w/mezz.) 84,686 sq.ft. D. Gameworks (w/mezz.) 34,516 sq.ft. G. Major 35,790 sq.ft. I. Burlington Coat Factory 100,065 sq.ft. J. JC Penney Outlet Store 106,697 sq.ft. K. Bed, Bath & Beyond 40,397 sq.ft. S. Off 5th Saks Fifth Avenue Outlet 34,981 sq.ft. 506,563 sq.ft. Major Tenants With Exiting Independent of Mail: E. AMC Cinemas 110,000 sq.ft. Total Gross Leasable Area: 1 ,481 ,151 sg.ft. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 37 - December 9, 1996 Revised November 19, 1997 necupant Load C'aICUIatlnnS for Pergnnc Fviting Thrnngh the Mall' A. Total Area of Non-Major Tenants = 550,857 sq.ft. Occupant Load = 550,8.57 sq.ft... -, 50 sq.ft./person 1 1,018 persons B. Total Area of major Retail, Restaurant and Assembly Tenants with Main Entrance/Exit to Exterior = 385,761 sq.ft. Occupant Load = 385,761 sq.ft.---. 50 sq.ft./person = 7,716 persons ! C. Total Area of Major Retail, Restaurant and Assembly Tenants Without Main Entrance/Exit to Exterior = 328,199 sq.ft. Occupant Load = 328,199 'Person_ 50 sq.ft./person i°6,564 persons D. Food Court Seating Area Occupants = 956 person S2 E. Total Number of Occupants Exiting via the Mall = 2/3 (non-major tenants) + 1/3 (major retail, restaurant and assembly tenants ' with a main entrance to exterior) + 2/3 (major retail, restaurant and assembly tenants without main entrance to exterior) + Food Court seating area occupants _ 2/3 ( 11,018 persons) + 'A ( 7,716 persons) + 2/3 ( 6,564 persons) + 956 persons 7,346 persons + 2,572 persons + 4,326 persons + 956 persons 15,250 persons F. Required Exit Width from the Mall = 15,250 Pet 0.2"/person) 254.17 feet SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 38 - December 9, 1996 Revised October 1999 Occupant Load Calculations for Persons Exiting Through the Mall A. Total Area of Non-Major Tenants = 569,754 sq.ft. Occupant Load = 569,754 sq.ft. X50 sq.ft./person 11,396 persons B. Total Area of major Retail, Restaurant and Assembly Tenants with Main Entrance/Exit to Exterior = 678,082 sq.ft. Occupant Load = 678,082 sq.ft. 50 sq.ft./person 13,562 persons C. Total Area of Major Retail, Restaurant and Assembly Tenants Without Main Entrance/Exit to Exterior = 129,757 sq.ft. Occupant Load = 129,757 sq.ft. 50 sq.ft./person 2,596 persons D. Food Court Seating Area Occupants = 1 ,000 persons E. Total Number of Occupants Exiting via the Mall = 2/3 (non-major tenants). + 1/3 (major retail, restaurant and assembly tenants with a main /;. entrance to exterior) + 2/3 (major retail, restaurant and assembly tenants without main - entrance to exterior) + Food Court seating area occupants 2/3 (11,396 persons) + 1/3 (13,562 persons) + 2/3 (2,596 persons) + 1 ,000 persons -' 7,598 persons + 4,521 persons + 1 ,731 persons + 1,000 persons 14,850 persons F. Required Exit Width from the Mall = 14,850 persons (0.2"/person) - 247.5 feet SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 38 - December 9, 1996 Occupant Load Calculations for Persons Exiting Through the Mall' A. Total Area of Non-Major Tenants = 544,364 sq.ft. Occupant Load = 544,364 sq.ft. + 50 sq.ft./person = 10,887 persons B. Total Area of major Retail, Restaurant and Assembly Tenants with Main Entrance/Exit to Exterior = 506,563 sq.ft. Occupant Load = 506,563 sq.ft. + 50 sq.ft./person 10,131 persons C. Total Area of Major Retail, Restaurant and Assembly Tenants Without Main Entrance/Exit to Exterior = 320,224 sq.ft. Occupant Load = 320,224 sq.ft. + 50 sq.ft./person 6,404 persons D. Food Court Seating Area Occupants = 956 person S2 E. Total Number of Occupants Exiting via the Mall = 2/3 (non-major tenants) + 1/3 (major retail, restaurant and assembly tenants with a main entrance to exterior) + Z/3 (major retail, restaurant and assembly tenants without main entrance to exterior) + Food Court seating area occupants 2/3 (10,887 persons) + 1/3 (10,131 persons) + 2/3 (6,404 persons) + 1,000 persons 7,258 persons + 3,377 persons -rA + 4,269 persons : l ' + 956 persons -- 15,860 persons F. Required Exit Width from the Mall = 15,860 persons (0.2"/person) i 264.3 feet SEC Project No. 1796008-001 38 - December 9, 1996 Revised September 24, 1997 G. Actual Width Provided from the Mall = Four main entrances/exits (Entry Nos. 1, 3, 4, 6) at 198"-of clear __width each • One main-entrance/exit..(Entry.No.-5) at 432" of clear exit width • One-main--.entranceLexi"Entry---No. 2A/6) at 4429" of-clear exit--width- "Eleven pairs of exit access corridor doors from the mall at 66" of clear exit width per pair • our sets of . four exit access I corridors doors from the mall at 132" of clear exit width per set + three pairs of exit doors serving three exit access corridors near the Food Court H. Exit Width Provided from the 66.0 feet Ma 113 + 36.0 feet + 35.8 feet + 60.5 feet + 44.0 feet 258.8 feet Notes: 1. Based upon data taken from operating Lease Plan, dated August 5, 1999. 2. Based upon actual seating. 3. The calculations do not include the central corridor as part of the required capacity for mall exiting, an additional 23 feet. F.q r_�_es g_Time Based upon calculated occupant loads and the locations, sizes and quantities of exit doors, estimates have been computed for the time to egress the building using "FASTLite," a collection of relatively simple equations for calculating fire phenomenon. (FASTLite was developed by the U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Building and Fire Research Laboratory, Special Publication 899, April, 1996.) Calculations of estimated egress times were performed for various portions of the building to verify that the occupant egress time would be well within the time estimated for the onset of hazardous conditions. It should be noted that these calculations are based on several assumptions. First, it assumes that the most efficient egress paths are chosen, that no "wayfinding," verification or assistance is needed, and that the flow speed is independent of density. Yet, the calculations do provide some useful information. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 39 - December 9, 1996 Revised October 1999 G. Actual Width Provided from the Mall = Seven main entrances/exits at 198" of clear width each + One main entrance/exit at 231 " of clear exit width + Eleven pairs of exit access corridor doors from the mall at 66" of clear exit width per pair + Five sets of four exit access corridors doors from the mall at 132" of clear exit width per set H. Exit Width Provided from the Mall 115.0 feet + 19.25 feet + 60.5 feet + 55.0 feet 250.25 feet Notes: 1. Based upon data taken from PLP-10 (DRAFT) 2. Based upon proposed seating. 3. The calculations do not include the central corridor as part of the required capacity for mall exiting, an additional 23 feet. Egress Time Based upon calculated occupant loads and the locations, sizes and quantities of exit doors, estimates have been computed for the time to egress the building using "FASTLite," a collection of relatively simple equations for calculating fire phenomenon. (FASTLite was developed by the U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Building and Fire Research Laboratory,-Special Publication 899, April, 1996.) Calculations of estimated egress times were performed for various portions of the building to verify that the occupant egress time would be well within the time estimated for the onset of hazardous conditions. It should be noted that these calculations are based on several assumptions. First, it assumes that the most efficient egress paths are chosen, that no "wayfinding," verification or assistance is needed, and that the flow speed is independent of density. Yet, the calculations do provide some useful information. t SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 39 - December 9, 1996 G. Actual Width Provided from the Mall = Four main entrances/exits (Entry Nos. 1, 3, 4, 6) at 198" of clear width each + One main entrance/exit (Entry No. 5) at 432" of clear exit width + One main entrance/exit (Entry No. 2A/B) at 429" of clear exit width + Ten pairs of exit access corridor doors from the mall at 66" of clear exit width per pair + Five sets of four exit access corridors doors from the mall at 132" of clear exit width per set + Three pairs of exit doors serving three exit access corridors near the Food Court H. Exit Width Provided from the 66.0 feet Ma 113 + 36.0 feet + 35.8 feet + 55.0 feet + 55.0 feet + 16.5 feet 264.3 feet Notes: 1 . Based upon data taken from PLP-14. 2. Based upon actual seating. 3. The calculations do not include the central corridor as part of the required capacity for mall exiting, an additional 23 feet. Egress Time Based upon calculated occupant loads and the locations, sizes and quantities of exit doors, estimates have been computed for the time to egress the building using "FASTLite," a collection of relatively simple equations for calculating fire phenomenon. (FASTLite was developed by the U.S. Department of Commerce, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Building and Fire Research Laboratory, Special Publication 899, April, 1996.) Calculations of estimated egress times were performed for various portions of the building to verify that the occupant egress time would be well within the time estimated for the onset of hazardous conditions. It should be noted that these calculations are based on several assumptions. First, it assumes that the most efficient egress paths are chosen, that no "wayfinding," verification or assistance is needed, and that the flow speed is independent of density. Yet, the calculations do provide some useful information. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 39 - December 9, 1996 Revised September 24, 1997 The calculations estimate that the occupant egress time for this building is 180 seconds for able-bodied persons and 260 seconds for the typical disabled person. Given the uncertainties of the assumptions, as stated above, it would be prudent to include a factor of safety of 100 percent, resulting in evacuation times of 3_60 seconds and 520 seconds, respectively. This conservative estimate is well within the more than 30 minutes available for safe egress in the typical mall space, even without the effect of automatic sprinkler and smoke control system operation. i i SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 40 - December 9, 1996 The calculations estimate that the occupant egress time for this building is 180 seconds for able-bodied persons and 260 seconds for the typical disabled person. Given the uncertainties of the assumptions, as stated above, it would be prudent to include a factor of safety of 100 percent, resulting in evacuation times of 360 seconds and 520 seconds, respectively. This conservative estimate is well within the more than 30 minutes available for safe egress in the typical mall space, even without the effect of automatic sprinkler and smoke control system operation. Y SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 40 - December 9, 1996 Revised July 7, 1997 TABLE 3 EXIT ANALYSIS SUMMARY (Mall exits provide a total capacity of 15,675 persons versus a calculated occupant load of 15,250 persons) Occupant Load Exit Feature I r Wid h in. Z Asaicined to Exit Entry 1 198 — 990 963 Entry 2A/2B 429 2,145 2.087 Entry 3 198 990 963 Entry 4 198 — 990 963 Entry 5 462 2,310 2,248 Entry 6 198 990 963 Passageway A 66 330 321 Passageway R 66 330 321 Passageway C1 132 660 642 Passageway C2 198 990 964 Passageway D 66 330 321 Passageway F 66 330 321 Passaaeway F 132 660 649 Passageway Q RA 330 321 Passageway H 66 330 391 Passageway 1 132 660 642 Passagewayj 66 330 321 Passageway K 66 330 321 66 330 321 Passageway M 66 330 321 Passageway 0 642 I 15-675 2 Notes: 1 . Includes Food Court seating area occupant load of 956 persons. 2. Utilizing 33" clear width exit doors. 3. Occupants assigned to each exit on the basis of prorating per entire building. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 42 - December 9, 1996 Revised October 1999 TABLE.3 EXIT ANALYSIS SUMMARY (Mall exits provide a total capacity of 16,005 persons versus a calculated occupant load of 15,900 personst) Occupant Load Exit Feature Clear Width ((n.) Ca aci Assi ned to Exit Entry 1 198 990 984 Entry 2A/2B 429 2,145 2,130 Entry 3 198 990 984 Entry 4 198 990 984 Entry 5 462 2,310 2,295 Entry 6 198 990 984 Passageway A 132 660 655 Passageway B 66 330 328 Passageway C1 132 660 655 Passageway C2 198 990 984 Passageway D 66 330 328 Passageway E 66 330 328 Passageway F 132 660 655 Passageway G 66 330 328 Passageway H 66 330 328 Passageway 1 132 660 655 Passageway J 66 330 328 Passageway K 66 330 328 Passageway L 66 330 328 Passageway M 66 330 328 Passageway N 66 330 328 Passa2eway 0 132 660 655 Total 3,102 16,005 = 15,900 Notes: 1 . Includes Food Court seating area occupant load of 1 ,000 persons. 2. Utilizing 33" clear width exit doors. 3. Occupants assigned to each exit on the basis of prorating per entire building. t 1 , SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 42 - December 9, 1996 Revised July 7, 1997 TABLE 3 EXIT ANALYSIS SUMMARY Occupant Load Exit Feature Clear Width (in.) Capacity' Assigned to Exit Entry 1 198 990 979 Entry 2A 198 990 979 Entry 26 198 990 979 Entry 3 198 990 979 Entry 4- 198 990 979 Entry 5A 1 198 990 979 Entry 5B 231 1,155 1 ,142 Entry 6 198 990 979 Passageway A 66 330 326 Passageway B 66 330 326 Passageway C1 132 660 654 Passageway C2 132 660 654 Passageway D 66 330 326 Passageway E 132 660 654 Passageway F 66 330 326 Passageway G 66 330 326 Passageway H 132 660 654 Passageway 1 66 330 326 Passageway J 66 330 326 Passageway K 66 330 326 Passageway L 66 330 326 Passa eway M 66 330 326 Passageway N 66 1 330 326 Passageway 0 132 654 Total 3,003 1 5,01 = 14,850 Notes: 1 . Includes Food Court seating area occupant load of 1 ,000 persons. 2. Utilizing 33" clear width exit doors. 3. Mail exits provide a total capacity of 15,015 persons versus a calculated occupant load of 14,850 persons. 4. Occupants assigned to each exit on the basis of prorating per entire building. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 42 - December 9, 1996 TABLE4 MAJOR RETAIL TENANT OCCUPANT LOAD SUMMARY Total %Total Occupant Occupant 'lo Total Required Major Loadt Load Occupant Extarior Exit Tenant Area tsq.ft.) (persons) (persons) Load Doors' A. Future Major ' 37,292 1,076 718 358 5 B1. Kittle's ' 112,529 3,245 2,164 11081 14 B2. Major Retail • 16,371 473 316 157 2 C. Major Retail • 19,002 548 366 182 3 G. Major Retail 35,032 1,011 674 337 5 H. TJ Maxx • 35,016 1,010 674 336 5 I. Burlington Coat Factory ' 100,020 2,884 1,923 961 12 J. JC Penney Outlet Store - 105,011 3,028 2,019 1,009 13 K. Bed, Bath & Beyond 39,989 1,154 770 384 5 L. Group USA 23,509 678 452 226 2 M. Fashion 17,870 516 344- 172 2 P. Books 22,809 658 439 219 3 Q. Mikasa - 16,634 480 320 160 1 R. Off 5th Saks Fifth Ave. 35,100 11013 676 337 5 S. Fashion 17,327 500 334 177 2 T. Future Major 16,180 467 312 155 1 U. Sports 45,077 1,300 867 433 6 Notes: 1. Based upon 85% of tenant space as retail sales with an occupant load factor of 30 sq.ft./person and 15% of tenant space as stockroom area with an occupant load factor of 300 sq.ft./person. 2. Exterior exit doors, independent of mall exiting for % of the occupant load of major tenants with main entrance/exits or for 1/3 of the occupant load of major tenants without main entrance/exits. Minimum door count based upon 33" clear width exit doors and for exit capacity purposes only. Travel distance criteria may require additional exit facilities. Indicates tenant space provided with main entrance/exit to exterior. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 44 - December 9, 1996 TABLE 4 MAJOR RETAIL TENANT OCCUPANT LOAD SUMMARY Total 2/3 Total Occupant Occupant '13 Total Required Major Load' Load Occupant Exterior Exit Tenant Area(sq.ft.) (persons) (persons) Load Doors Al. Major 23,814 687 458 229 33 A2. Iguana Ameramex 22,856 660 440 220 24 C. Western Warehouse 20,001 577 385 193 24 G. Major Retail • 26,691 770 514 257 43 H. Marshall's 29,397 848 566 283 24 I. Burlington Coat Factory • 100,102 2,887 1,925 963 123 J. JC Penney Outlet Store • 106,207 3,060 2,040 1,020 133 K. Bed, Bath& Beyond 40,340 1,164 776 388 53 L. Group USA 23,257 671 448 224 24 M. Old Navy 23,329 673 449 225 24 P. Books A Million 23,978 692 462 231 24 S. Off 5th Saks Fifth Ave. • 34,982 1,009 673 336 73 T. Fashion 30,062 867 578 289 24 U. Sports Authority 48,763 1,406 938 313 24 Notes: 1. Based upon 85% of tenant space as retail sales with an occupant load factor of 30 sq.ft./person and 15% of tenant space as stockroom area with an occupant load factor of 300 sq.ft./person. 2. Exterior exit doors, independent of mall exiting for 2/3 of the occupant load of major tenants with main entrance/exits or for 1/3 of the occupant load of major tenants without main entrance/exits. Minimum door count based upon 33" clear width exit doors and for exit capacity purposes only. Travel distance criteria may require additional exit facilities. 3. Based upon 2/3 of total occupant load exiting directly to exterior. 4. Based upon 1/3 of total occupant load exiting directly to exterior. * Indicates tenant space provided with main entrance/exit to exterior. `v SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 44 - December 9, 1996 Revised October 1999 . .. .. . . ...... ..... ................. .... TABLE 4 MAJOR RETAIL TENANT OCCUPANT LOAD SUMMARY Total ?/a Total Occupant Occupant '/,Total. Required MAajor Load,' fiLoad Occupant Exterior Exit Tenant: Area (aq.ft.l Iparsonel (personal Load Oocret A. Future Major 69,431 2,002 1,335 667 94 B. Polar Ice 84,6863 2,442 1,628 814 104 C. Major Retail 19,918 575 394 191 26 G. Major Retail 35,790 1,032 888 344 74 H. Marshall's 30,005 888 578 288 26 I. Burlington Coat Factory • 100,065 3,886 1,924 962 124 J. JC Penney Outlet Store • 106,697 3,077 2,052 1,025 134 K. Bad, Bath& Beyond 40,397 1,165 777 388 54 L. Group USA 23,273 672 448 224 26 M. Fashion 23,165 668 446 222 26 P. Books A Million 23,819 687 458 229 26 Mikaee 15,518 448 299 149 16 S. Off 5th Sake Fifth Ave. 34,981 1,009 673 336 54 T. Fashion 30,062 867 578 289 26 U. Sports Authority 48,147 1,389 926 463 36 Notes: 1. Based upon 85% of tenant space as retail sales with an occupant load factor of 30 sq.ft./person and 15% of tenant space as stockroom area with an occupant load factor of 300 sq.ft./person. 2. Exterior exit doors, independent of mall exiting for z/3 of the occupant load of major tenants with main entrance/exits or for Ya of the occupant load of major tenants without main entrance/exits. Minimum door count based upon 33" clear width exit doors and for exit capacity purposes only. Travel distance criteria may require additional exit facilities. 3. Including mezzanine. 4. Based upon 2/3 of total occupant load exiting directly to exterior. 5. Based upon 'A of total occupant load exiting directly to exterior. Indicates tenant space provided with main entrance/exit to exterior. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 44 - December 9, 1996 Revised July 7, 1997 s h o m0 L LZ N 3 c 0 7 N M N f0 Z N .X w G ' Y c m a D E LZ -R .N d v Y N c O Q a c m C o o y NC m w O N m � n Z Z c _ c 'Y - ° U O N O — X U N O o n O r Q Q w N E Y N_ � J _ b to M NO M Z Z N a Y a; ° Z O U W d C ' C O A N N Z U ¢ Z O o C a J m O LAJ = d r In M In Z- Z > m IC n LO In U N % ° N I 0 ry t0 ° tp (� J z o o Y 3 x ca m V) v a 0 0 0 M a a o x y QO m .�. 0 M ° ( v LO m `�°° aci r 3 °o 0 H Q a`i M .- M N °yJ y o c Y (o Y n e=i CL o -° °c' ° E v O L A X 3 Y v m w y o c O ¢ N U « N U L C U - O O C `C.� c O N O to It ao M of nL, ti m o n n E wo m o M m J c E c a u «_ o v M CO n ° 3 0 c ° ,y O N N N O O o o m m d O 3 76 ° O O C d c D 3 E ° O m w h m E m n O L x L U O) ma w `mv m y `° m E 3 Y U N 3 U L E 6 ° C Z �+ O O Y i+ R O N N O X O o w O N Q a m J N �- E Q x «� w m y E a ° m .O m E �p C C7 6 ¢ D C7 m U O LL LL Z W O Z N M V VJ mrn (7) CF) m .« o m ax y w m m O M « C O X �- U O m a O W o N aL+ d m N o m a .- O U 'L7 o ? 3Q � Q .N a « d Q) C U X E = m 0 0 0_ E E j « W 9 c Q N a) N N O O O Z M N M M N Z n d IR M O U In w N C o b U O E M > M — m N_ m m m O Q W M 00 O M io 6 .L. = H 0 N M (O CO m m F.. Fm. 3 N y Z i� 'cF N w 7 Z O ?. m T O — E U > W � jp O m ry N H U U N O 6 2 0 c Q a o a O H m E o N Q V L O a C T _ 6 U !0 J N Q N O) l0 h Q n O U 6 O C T w n ' J a UIY x LO Q O Q o m Q � m 0 O ry ry - .- o ,. t7 J m o 3 " y m J Z o o m o o E 0 ry X « m C Y W U « c o m `o -m m W U t in M (O h 01 a N M m y d N co U) O m o cc 0 0 F- U O 6 O « « U E X .0 X O O N d � M Ol C U O U C .X O N n W M N N h V vi M m O n N C E y o "� o o N °o coo H 3 wt o E w c u .� m o. « m m U n J M N M Ol M O N m Q m O) M r N PO .ry ry1 N m ry �ry U G O N O ] O E . U O O m U O O o O m o O_O J m m 4 0O Qi N U G N 0 7 U N L E U C m m O m U U C J T N n 6 C m p m n 67 O m ry w y O 9 ry O y T >' m m U N n O y -i U E m U L E E o. c m m M O M O c -a - y am w E o 0 0 0 Z Y a C7 Q ¢ m a N m m O t m M ° Qm m m m - m U 0] LL LL LL Z W -0 . W Z — N M V M (O n W . U) � m SH mm c H N M d 7 w O � ° N N X C N O a2 rn m `m- U y O ° K C N . M J d ° D > C C 3: '5 O A J q N ? x y N H m M M N Z ny a J m 03 E `o- - a m � 0 — w c ;: aonQ � cm E ° y O U Nom`."•� m 0 O Q C m o M ' N 1• III Q:.,Qp:'.m V' M Z T a `y n C O O. o , r- r Q !, m (7 C = OO U _ t z mo°O ; � .% E x o d o 0 O N to a' U m _ p O v x Q G '� m m v M,�! 0 Y 3 a ° > a o p F m m-o d c y «o m m mm mA _ T c .c--. c O j N V N N A w 'x m ytva c v E o x m OO c d O c N O C m o a« 3 c o ° a c E t - m V O J - c m cmi a .• J 'x c m L in N M o J q: It N N O n1 N m m y O J U 3 q j C J d n A o U O O y U C r 0 C m o O W y E m i . a O ai a' v « axi a m v c aci ao (D c Z ami m axi o E ° ° m O N m W C y m N a y '- V E > m ao .c N m .T" W n O m y c L. 1O.°° y m .3 E o 0 0 0 m Z CD a Q ¢ Q n m m d 7 w m Q 5 m m m m 5 CJ LL Z W O W Z N M '7 to (O n C6 • (n UNt7FA APE(SJS - Y RISER R004 A 0 ////////// ./979 ACT Ni58 R 1,155 C ./1.142 ACT. F2 32 D MAX 6 ci GAMEWORK 12,504 ISER ROOM B — \ 20,000 92 990 GIP./9 PUT. F 1 GI Cr 6 A I MAJOR WILDERNESS / MAJOR Sao BAC X76,371 T MAJOR 32,<98 35,032 /a)a Ac H 61 6 19,00 - II TJ MAXX 35,016 KITTLE'S � J a 112,529 I I 3$0 CAP./3 ACT. / - I l� I J BURLINGTON If COAT FACTORY 100.020 n j VIP D V RECORRD F RODE — — A I I 2'_,256 DRIVC FUTURE _ 5,7>3 I / 37,292 TR rs 3 990 CAP./978 Qi I. �9 CAP./979 ACT. D g R P M OFF 5TH MIKAS,; BOOKS N FPSHION L SPORTS T F1-.32N SAKS FIFTH AVENUE i=.634, 22,809 AINFOREST CAF 1?.870 GROUP USA N 45,077 FUTURE 35,100 22,338 23,509 BED BATH 16,18033 CAP./32¢ k BEYOND e¢D cAP r CRY 39.989 RY a CAP 6 ACT. YES AP./32¢AC. ❑ p JC PENNEY 3 6 ACT 990 ./W9 AC OUTLET STORE y 990 CAP./W9 ACT. m 326 ACT. 660 6 1. 105,011 RISER ROOM D I RISER ROOM C 1 0 GR ,7WS s lea � „.i LEGEND 1u1 G OUTDOORS IXrt cwcm �wu xrt u MAN ExrnwcE �UL E / PAYS MVOfl� I11 VIIS WIIN M�,IN EMRNICE/EYR�2/E TO EXXT El(111NG tAY OR EM£DRIW LOAD T014LLL AWCND)Tc EO, MAWR TENANTS WITHOUT MAIN E%If i0 EXTERIOR w.vm� M41 f%If N4 PAS6AGEWAY -SOP TFIYMS IXlilip 2/] OCCUPNIf IMD \\�0( TIC MNL(1/3 TO IXR P/554JEWAY qi E%fERIOR) FIGURE 11. GRAPEVINE MILLS EXITING OONOEFT BASED UPON OLLA a �7 MAJOR TERM0 WM ENTINO INDEPENDENT OF MAU AsA(im 10 m J ® CEITRAL IXR PASSh EMAY-NOr REWIRED FOR MAIL IXrt GPAcm PURPOSES A—O E%R PASSAGEWAY DESICFMiXNI DMAN ENRWICE/IXR FOR MAJOR TENWT NOT= TIE CQIRK IXR PAS" WAY AND PEMMETER IXR PASSAGEWAYS ARE UFRl M AS SECOMD MEANS OF EGRESS FROM CORE AREA ( A SMEEf T ME R)i01NA5.RESPECTIVELY. REFER TO 12-1-96 �� I I AMC j 1116 08fi6 ENTRY 5 NFOFgLLA7 ENTRY 6 O Q V FZ �� WINE C1 C2 SLY Il Fl EG7 =7 GA1=E1WgfK6 RE TAURAN r+ac F c Qx ENTRY 4 C eo 00 OEI7AIRE 11100) «am 7FOFMIX1y° RDs B JUFEET R STELE g s m o W me i Ri .F1 D m am R 26691Lt m t A POLAR RODEO R3 « MARSHALLS 82 ' FOOD COURT Ix� m V x• m s m m m m x• m x• n' 29397 � m BURLINGTON IGU R � �/ ` COAT1�Aar ORY AMERA ,o i %' 228 MEG�ORE Ff ODE /�� { 0 { a A,• 0 Al 27490 24208 s AJOR 121 16 L Y • xY nY m m m W W « W W m m i m N! « m ENTRY f OLL tl1 m v la to m io m m m m m m m m m W W m s an a m o NwE 3 $ MIKASA y p p m M R SONNET L U Y MAJOR OFF ST BOOKS RAINFOREST OLD NAVY GROUP @ BED BATH THE SPORTS >� 3oofi2 �SAKS FIFTH A NUE A A M WO 0 CAFE 23329 USA B BEYOND AUTHORITY x 34982 . ? 978 22802 •• 23257 )T�'(�40340 E 4 2.2a—r su me '40763 - e° ENTRY 2A TRY 28 +gf De o OUTLET STORE SCZ TEXAS 111V'1� xT L 00 roLLY ILLY SC3 106207 as N N O K I — SC4 y LEGEND OCCUPANT LOAD OF MAJOR 2 AND CENTRAL IXB PASSAGEWAY- 11'-8' CLEAR WIDTH XXX OCC. VIA THE TALL (SEE TABLES 2 AND 3) FIGURE 12 GRAPEVINE MILL5 TENANT 5PACE EXITING CONCEPT AREA OF LARGEST PERMITTED TENANT SPACE N.T� ® SERVED BY CENTRAL EXIT PASSAGEWAY. - OCCUPANT LOAD OF "OR OUTING XXX OCC. DIRECTLY TO TIE EXTERIOR OR BALK -- PASSAGE (SEE TABLE 2 AND 3) D MAJOR TENANT WTI MAIN ENTWINCE/IXR EXMNG NT LICAID OF NNOR/'ANNOR'TENANT OCC. OF THE TO THE EXTERIOR (100 AND INDIPENDENT (( OF TIE NALL(SEE TABLE ) A-O SERVE AS SECOND T4 IS OF EGRESS FOR PERIMETER MAY TENANT SPACES AND MAJORS) FtEV19®.CCTCsm K" tl E UNITED ARTISTS 70,113 IuuR Raw A D °d9° °PJ" 2 GROaIR WO D Xtl GAMEWORK 1250 A 20,000 rk W, — oll Fl RI � G MERI 35.0 SF x. WILDERNESS 2.496 35,032 ° MAJOR R NANO 32.486 H• B1 16, 71 19 II °T° TJ MAXX K 2,529 I 1 35.018 I BURLINGTON COAT FACTORY 100,020 �q VIRGIN V FUTURE RECORDS F RODE (\ 37,292 25,256 DRIVE 5.733 tlR Q ; A s F 5TH tl MIKASA P AINFO T AF M E K ° T x tl SAKS FIFTH AV EN E 6,634 BOOKS 22,336 FASHION 0 e 0 23P BED BATH ',Uf U t 17,32 100 6 22,809 E k BEYOND s FUTURE 46 077 16,180 E � � R 3 989 — s JC PENNEY D OUTLET STORE B 105.011 ml Raw° RRER ROOM c G H M'S LEGEND �y 0, BB LCFMRAL EXR PA GEMAY- 11' CLFAR WIOTH OUTDOORS ARFA OF VRGM PERMf D if1UlNT SPACE L—25,361 SERVED BY CENIROL DR PASSAGEWAY. (SEE TABLE 1) OCCUPANT LOAD OF"OR �°°�• E(RING VIA THE MALL (SEE TABLES 2 AND 3) Ru am OCOLMANT LOAD OF"ON OR BACK PASSRBE EXRING DIRECTLY TO THE IX IOM. (SEE TABLE 2 AND 3) RRR as OCCUPANT LORD OF rOR TENANT E%111NG TO THE EXIEAIOR (l OpR AND INDEPENDENT OF THE MALL. FIGURE 12. GRAPEVINE MILL5 TENANT 5FAOE EXITING OONOEFT N.TS. D MAJOR TENANT WITH AWN ENRWNCE/EXR CORRIDOR OESIGNATOENAN(NOTE: PERIMERF CORRIDORS MAY SUM f SPSECOND AWORF EGRESS FOR PERIMETER I]-R-R6 I . E UNITED ARTISTS 70,113 RISER ROOM A D °r—B, F2 RISER ROOM 8 la'IMAX GAMEWORK 12.504 A 20,000 Fl B2 ® AMERICAN G MAJOR - WILDERNESS MAJOR 16,371 C _ 32,496 35,032 H MAJOR �i. 1 19,00 TJ MAXX B1 I 35,016 KITTLE'S 112,529 II 9' L,. _ '. a-uw Rte, vo zw' no.Rz Tn. BURLINGTON COAT FACTORY T I o:Ia 100,020 { % A VIRGIN \ RECORDS F RODE FUTURE 37.292 p. 25,256 5.733 Sa r ra v.Rr Ta.uw i•o.Ma :Imo 1 ''� iR- w -y /J S R Q P M FASHION ! OFF STH MIKASA BOOKS N FASHION L K SPORTS U T 17,327 .SAKS FIFTH AVENUE 16,634 22,809 AINFOREST CAF 17,870 GROUP USA' 45,077 �6?I80 35,100 22,338 23,509 BED BATH 9.989 LEGEND «R y 39,988 P J M ° JC PENNEY TO p OUTLET STORE p 105,011 RISER ROOM D EXIT MA MALL ENTRANCE ISER ROOY C ® N ENTRANCE. BY NEAREST MALL G H 'S MA 0, 88 �yL - - - - J EXIT MA PASSAGEWAY OUTDOORS 25,381 EXIT PASSAGEWAY AREA OF MALL SERVED BY NEAREST EXIT ' PASSAGEWAY. FIGURE 15. GRAFEVINE MILLS EXIT FASSAOEWAY/TRAVEL D15TANCE ANALI'515 - N.T9. CENTRAL EXIT PASSAGEWAY �T.D:XXX' TYPICAL EXIT TRAVEL DISTANCE TO NDICATED POINT IZ-R-96 D ENTRY 5 O 1 D ?� GAMEWORKS ' 11NE 1 6 �ti T 1[II,WNE 13,500) ° G 4 €r GkN ° f B 1l&i FJP t,AJOR _ purcr �" MAJOR POLAR ICE TAT 1 f^,42tl � 0- N 20 f 35.790 ENTRY I 71.166 (MEZZANINE 73.100) BURLINGTON COAT 1 00F.A06C5 T ORY !IG °4 RGE FUTUR bR 69,431 2.1e, s I scot 9 4 1 1 f.�� �. s l 1 "v C d 1 1 6 F E I I ( P $i r 76,52' ENTRY I '.e S a ;. IP ' "I I uI , p E RY 3 J THE SPXTS t�.rHION OFF 5TH %'rYASp�.. 6f"^I:S RAP-) ;.kE,° FAS}iRON 1 GROUP \ AUTKVIY 30<061. SAKS FIFTH AVENU 75,}tE A V.LLIb,. WE aBC US' 3E BEYOND \`\ w,le7 11.981 :® 23.L.4 J 2?.$.J _ 1a:i73 40.397 J O ~ ` $ OUTLET ENTRY ENTRY 28 106.697 LEGEND ;Y \\"iVAA r :. .. wu mr�u vasmvY m wuN0M1� *or nasvnanlwr° iao FIGURE II. GRAPEVINE MILLS EXITING GONGEPT BASED UPON GLA s� NTL. A_G IXrt a�v�.xxaY oagwmx ® w.wa ivwrt wrx omoq amvoon or wu ® mmw om»wmn-xm acvcrn w. �m M LEMIIK DR VI3S•mY.Y MD RA[1p1 IXrt PAS2 m3 wa unnm a saww rixs a wary raw me usn rourns wo rwinm mrwrs,rtwccmar, T-T41 m wm mYUa) �I k NTRY 5 Fouu ENTRY 6 O B O D C1 Q FI�GNARLNLM C2 I RESFAURAW �A +�� tift< scT scT • 6ANEaMt46 = P0002 F © ENTRY 4 R1ErrAMRe I 1Fx su 4 6 a �v i r� a` � $ wm" a-.. ur JE15[ FO(1 + A a Imi ®1 JEan. RfiE kfAJOR Must r a �46Rt A , � qtr RODEO R3 yZ`• _ �'fz ' rG * FOOD COURT W ° d� r m •n nr x� 1,.R$HA4L3' � flF 'Me a. a wr m 4' w K iYt OY iM a w Y Rp a a w MLL a AK[p M' m ui a O '. HY aneuNGTON FACTORY 106107 fOFf ` r N u w Ta ,PA.* W p NTRY 3 THE 'SP0RT5' }A ORs 9FP'5L ,U lflnA 600N5 RA1NfpRESf . _Ot 6 P - Awrr �` eriu� d N E o d 7ENNO - sm sc2 ENTRY 2A 2R so QUT LEI ..O ° R 4� © Four Fur E SU -000"�L LEGENDMAJOR TENANTS WUH MAIN ENTRAAICE/EXR TO EXERIOR ERRING 1/3 OF OCCUPANT LOAD TO MANSTREET (2/3 TO EW PASSAGEWAY OR EXTERIOR) MALL EXIT `AA MAIN ENTRANCE MAJOR TENANTS YTNANT MAN DOTING 2/CE/IXIT TO EXTERIOR AND NON-MAJOR TENANTS EXITING 2/3 OF OCCUPANT LOPD FIGURE Ii. GRAPEVINE MILLS EXITING CONCEPT BASED UPON GLA ,rte MALL EXIT VIA PASSAGEWAY TO MRASTRM7 (1/3 TO EXIT PASSAGEWAY OR EXTERIOR) MAJOR/-ANCHOR-TENANT WITH INDEPENDENT EXITING A—O EXIT PASSAGEWAY DESIGNATION CENTRAL EAR PASWAGEWAY - NOT REQUIRED FOR MAL EOT CAPACRY PURPOSES NOTE EXI D THE CENTRAL T PASSAGEWAY AND PEWMETER EXIT PASSAGEWAYS MAN ENTRANCE/EXIT FOR MAJOR TENANT ARE UMJZED AS SECOND MEANS OF EGRESS FROM CORE AREA IREY19®�OGttJDHR Kq4 QE CINEMAS 110,000 .mP• D ENTRY 5 O © GAMpE610RKS T (GE22ANINE 13 Fl u G *' B MAJOR i AMERICA MAJOR I% POLAR ICE NTR 6 JUST FOR 19,920 6 WIlD2 YS ESS 35,790 NTRY ! �� FEET MARSHALLS 7INE1 19,918 I (MEZZANINE 13,200 i I a G - H ! i 9 G h 6 6 9 ° 30,005 p BURLINGTON g' COAT FACTORY 100,065 A 6a i G R Q A . FUTURE __6 VIRGIN 89,131 1 EGASTORE FF ORR DE °y g 27,191 21,211 THLETE'S i G Y G FOOT 7L 6 6 6 Gag G 1 E 3 8 8 6 G x 9 11 1 1 - - 1 8 1 1 5 ENTR 3 / U T S P I( THE SPORTS FASHION OFF 5TH MIKASA BOOKS RAINFOREST FASHION GROUP K UTHORITY 30,062 KS FIB 6AVENUE S 15,516 i�p IL ON CAFE' 17 23,165 1 232731 &E BEYOND 18417 i 2V•y 23.919 �V'y J E ENTRY ENTRY 28 i 'p JCPENNEY J o OUTLET STORE LEGEND 106,697 ....a onao cP WI PASLF y-11•-6 CIFM NVM JMFA W WN:6f PWlfif➢lONllf SPN£ SFIFFD at�RRIL MFltO�0ff1P,155�CW...ISEE.I&E,) Im IXc IX�TpP�Y,.TIE Wll.l�PIIES R MO]) FIGURE 12. GRAPEVINE MILLS TENANT SPACE EXITING CONCEPT oau.urtwoa YuoPwsxo N.TS. => p P� w�mew.M Y Pass.¢ => OCCUPN?ld0 Cf MVCA IFNNI!EMIK ro 2Y5�ua7ltomq w+o xomEruWr a Yxe uu.. Duwa rzxwr Mm uw onPNlcc/wrt COpppOq pEgJW1pN 1!'J1E PWYflFA COPPoCCRS MY A-0 SFME SEK`MO Ci EpIwS PDR Kfflm f rowrt sP.ns,uu YP.uu) T-711 E CINEMAS 110,000 7 ENTRY}5 O z O GANEWORKS 21,016 1 (YEZZANNE 13,500 Ft 10 MAJOR POLAR ICE ENTRY }6 LIST FEET R MAJOR Tw AMERICAN 35,790 ENTRY H 71,186 • 19,918 19,920 - (MEZZANINE 13,200) _ 6 WILDERNESS`. 32'261 - MARSHALLS uir u 30,005 BURLINGTON COAT FACTORY 100,065 's E VIRGIN Q A FUTURE ,z ` Z MEGASTORE FF RODE 69,131 i 27,191 210,211 _ i 5 ATHLETE'S FOOT B Q tl tl E G € tl k ! Y tl Y 7 tl . tl tl tl Z E [ 5 tl 9 Ytl b T 1 1. Z �"s Y tl tl tl r� ENTRY 1 U T S P � N M L S A E tl '' c Z . 5 B A S E Y 3 TA- THE SPORTS FASHION FF 5T MIKASA BOOKS - AINFOREST FASHION GUSAP K AUTHORITY 30,062 SAKS FIFTH AVENUE 15,518 A MILLION CAFE 23,165 18,147 4981 23,819 22,319 23,273 BED BATH J & BEYOND LEGEND p JCPENNY ENTRY E�RY 2B 10,397 — OUTLET STORE 106,697 ' =MOON. dlt NA PAIL BIIBN,C£ ® N6A Of MIll SAND BY NEAREST 1W! �� I NAN EN1HANt£ Lm MA PASSM Y W PM$AB AY FIGURE 15. GRAPEVINE MILL5 EXIT PA55AGEAAY/TRAVEL D15TANCE ANALY515 N T9. ARG BF YALL SERVED BY NEIAEBi Etli vASZAawAr. CENIXY.-T PASSA -Y —T.D.-%%X' Tl%DAL a TA ..A TD udu,m Porn T-1-YI A ENTRY ENTRY 6 FULLY WINE rat FWOILRYL O r f a U �Oa 01 D RESTAURANT 507 .. sc7 � GAMEWORKS 20002 P G Qx ENi rtrRaioo C (YEZ2AIaNE 12106) AMIRICAN WIlDERNE55 O FOLLY =5 V B TA-0 Fla„ JUST FOR WESTERN em w r R JECKL d XYOE H FEET WAREHOUS z669t A POLAR z000t �-` 18' 10'S° 82 m e,e ele r mr Ws u MARS T9397 97 \ � ,,y m m m m.n• A •., �. •.... , w Le e e em o m W me 'me m. ss ,e' m. ® .. .,.- .e m. a .m .. .m .,. . BURLINGTON IGUANA ,r T em iA r o• R Q ro-rc i -a• rn11 r COAT FACTORY M RAMEK e r ,r in VIRGIN FF RODE rn-IH 100102 22840 NEGASTORE DR % -,s 27490 24206 +� MAJOR iAH ra-Nr 11ry �2� +v 30124 Tn n• rn rr en � r n �Tn-tm in-Iw• ENTRY i r6muLL / v ,,, / ENTRY 3 f(ILLT � L j; to-tb' LTA-0 WHNV 6N ,,.m m FOLLY THE SPORTS MAJOR OFF 5TH MIKASA BOOKS RAINFOREST OLD NAVY GROUP BED BATH AUTHORITY 30062 SAKS FIFTH AVENUE A MILLION CAFE 23320 & BEYOND 1.-- 48763 34982 23978 22602 23257 eD o JCPENNEY r SM I ENTRY ZA ENTRY 2B' a SCI OUTLET STORE sn i .... ©" Nusti Toms 106207 M FOLLY MG D. N K O J sca �m LEGEND EKR VIA MALL ENTRANCE �V. AREA OF MALL SERVED W NFRFST IXR PASSAGEWAY FIGURE 15. GRAPEVINE MILL5 EXIT FA55AGEWAY/TRAVEL P15TANCE ANALY515 Sm W NAEST N.T9. AREA CENTRAL XR PASSAGWAY EXR W1 PASSAGEWAY ►--- T.D.—XXX' TYPICAL EAT TRAVEL DISTANCE TO INDICATED POINT % � �'c EAT PASSAGEWAY / ,/e TZCVI� •O TOfiHt MR Fire Alarm System An alternate approach to the fire alarm system is provided for Grapevine Mills. The Grapevine Mills design concept represents an alternate method to the smoke detection requirements of the UBC. However, we believe the concept satisfies the intent of the code and that it provides for an effective means of fire detection and reporting within the building. Because of the low partitions creating a "smoke reservoir" in the upper volume of the building, the necessity of early detection via smoke detectors is reduced. Based on computer modeling, complete occupant egress of the mall can occur well before the smoke layer descends to an elevation that will obstruct exiting. In accordance with the UBC, the mall does not have an occupant notification system. However, controls will be provided to allow the fire department access to the mall's public address system. The mall public address system will be used to notify responsible mall personnel of an emergency situation. This system will be arranged with fire department access and override. The Fire Command Center will be provided in a location jointly established with the fire department. The room will have common access by mall and city emergency response personnel. Tenant spaces classified as A-2.1 A mbl occupancies by the UBC will each have an alarm sub-panel in order to prov'drg—� matic voice evacuation occupant notification. In addition, these tenants will ave np�aual fire alarm stations. The panels will each provide for annunciation and live voice a ouncements at the local panel. These sub-panels will be monitored by the main fire alarm control panel in the Fire Command Center. Common fire alarm, supervisory and trouble signals will be transmitted from the sub-panel to the main fire alarm system in the FCC. The fire alarm system for most areas of the project will be provided by the mall's main fire alarm system at the Fire Command Center in the security room. However, due to certain major/anchor tenant criteria, certain majors/anchors may have fire alarm sub-panels monitored by the mall's main fire alarm system. The exact tenants having this arrangement are not certain at this time, but the design criteria as specified in the report will generally apply to those majors/anchors. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 47 - December 9, 1996 Fire Alarm System An alternate approach to the fire alarms stem is provided for Grapevine Mills. The Grapevine Mills design concept represents an alternate method to the smoke detection requirements of the UBC. However, we believe the concept satisfies the intent of the code and that it provides for an effective means of fire detection and reporting within the building. Because of the low partitions creating a "smoke reservoir" in the upper volume of the building, the necessity of early detection via smoke detectors is reduced. Based on computer modeling, complete occupant egress of the mall can occur well before the smoke layer descends to an elevation that will obstruct exiting. Public restroom doors in exit corridors will be held open and be locally powered electromagnetic door holders. Doors will close upon sprinkler waterflow in the zone and upon smoke detection by locally powered non-system smoke detectors at those doors. In accordance with the UBC, the mall does not have an occupant notification system. However, a microphone will be provided to allow the fire department access to the mall's public address system. The mall public address system will be used to notify responsible mall personnel of an emergency situation. This system will be arranged with fire department access and override. The Fire Command Center (FCC) will be provided in a location jointly established with the fire department. The room will have common access by mall and city emergency response personnel. Tenant spaces classified as A-2.1 Assembly occupancies by the UBC will each have an alarm sub-panel in order to provide automatic voice evacuation occupant notification. In addition, these tenants will have manual fire alarm stations. The panels will each provide for annunciation and live voice announcements at the local panel. These sub-panels will be monitored by the main fire alarm control panel in the FCC. Common fire alarm, supervisory and trouble signals will be transmitted from the sub-panel to the main fire alarm system in the FCC. The fire alarm system for most areas of the project will be provided by the mall's main fire alarm system at the FCC in the security room. However, due to certain major/anchor tenant criteria, certain majors/anchors may have fire alarm sub-panels monitored by the mall's main fire alarm system. The exact tenants having this arrangement are not certain at this time, but the design criteria specified in the report will generally apply to those majors/anchors. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 47 - vV December 9, 1996 Revised March 19, 1997 Fire Alarm System An alternate approach to the fire alarm system is provided for Grapevine leflls.. The Grapevine Mills design concept represents an alternate method to the smoke detection requirements of the UBC. However, we believe the concept satisfies the intent of the code and that it provides for an effective means of fire detection and reporting within the building. Because of the low partitions creating a "smoke reservoir" in the upper volume of the building, the necessity of early detection via smoke detectors is reduced. Based on computer modeling, complete occupant egress of the mall can occur well before the smoke layer descends to an elevation that will obstruct exiting. Public restroom doors in exit corridors will be held open by Locally powered electromagnetic door holders. Doors will close upon sprinkler waterflow in the zone and upon smoke detection by locally powered non-system smoke detectors at those doors. In accordance with the UBC, the mall does not have an occupant notification system. However, a microphone will be provided to allow the fire department access to the mall's public address system. The mall public address system will be used to notify responsible mall personnel of an emergency situation. This system will be arranged with fire department access and override. The Fire Command Center (FCC) will be provided in a location jointly established with the fire department. The room will have common access by mall and city emergency response personnel. Tenant spaces classified as A-2.1 Assembly occupancies by the UBC will each have an alarm sub-panel in order to provide automatic voice evacuation occupant notification. In addition, these tenants will have manual fire alarm stations. The panels will each provide for annunciation and live voice announcements at the local panel. These sub-panels will be monitored by the main fire alarm control panel in the FCC. Common fire alarm, supervisory and trouble signals will be transmitted from the sub-panel to the main fire alarm system in the FCC. The fire alarm system for most areas of the project will be provided by the mail's main fire alarm system at the FCC in the security room. However, due to certain major/anchor tenant criteria, certain majors/anchors may have fire alarm sub-panels monitored by the mall's main fire alarm system. The exact tenants having this arrangement are not certain at this time, but the design criteria specified in the report will generally apply to those majors/anchors. ' t k .n SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 47 - December 9, 1996 Revised July 7, 1997 I The following displays and controls will be provided at the Fire Command Center, located within the mall security office: • Fire alarm annunciation • Manual (override) controls for smoke control • Manual controls for the public address system In order to assist the fire department in responding to fire alarms, each riser room will be provided with a bell and a light located on the exterior of the room outer wall which will activate upon flow from any riser within that room. Also, the kitchen hood suppression system located in the food court tenants and the individual major tenant fire alarm systems will be tied into the mall fire alarm system and annunciate at the mall fire alarm control panel. The mall's emergency generator will also be monitored by the fire alarm system for abnormal conditions. Should major/anchor tenants provide a generator, they will be similarly monitored by that tenant's fire alarm sub-panel. Per discussion with the local authorities, duct-type smoke detectors will be considered as supervisory signal initiating devices and will not cause general fire alarm signals. Table 6 summarizes the proposed fire alarm and supervisory signal initiating devices and the proposed sequence of operations upon activation f an initiating device. Occupant notification is not specifically a�r ed by the UBC. A public address system is , required in malls exceeding 50,000 in area. The public address system, while available for use by the fire depart , will not be a UL listed emergency communication (voice) system. Public address will a to mall common areas only. While the public address system may be used for occupant notification, the public address system is not considered an audible fire alarm. Therefore, the Texas Accessibility Standards (TAS) and Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG) requirements would not apply to this project. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 48 - December 9, 1996 The following displays and controls will be provided at the Fire Command Center, located within the mall security office: • Fire alarm annunciation • Manual (override) controls for smoke control • Microphone for the public address system In order to assist the fire department in responding to fire alarms, each riser room will be provided with a bell and a light located on the exterior of the room outer wall which will activate upon flow from any riser within that room. Also, the kitchen hood suppression systems located in the food court tenants and the individual major tenant fire alarm systems will be tied into the mall fire alarm system and annunciate at the mall fire alarm control panel. The mall's emergency generator will also be monitored by the fire alarm system for abnormal conditions. Should major/anchor tenants provide a generator, they will be similarly monitored by that tenant's fire alarm sub-panel. The UBC requires that duct-type detectors be provided in HVAC units having a capacity of 2000 cfm or more. Duct-type smoke detectors will be provided in all units that serve public areas, regardless of size. Per discussion with the local authorities, duct-type smoke detectors will be considered as supervisory signal initiating devices and will not cause general fire alarm signals. Table 6 summarizes the proposed fire alarm and supervisory signal initiating devices and the proposed sequence of operations upon activation of an initiating device. Occupant notification is not specifically addressed by the UBC. A public address system is required in malls exceeding 50,000 sq.ft. in area. The public address system, while available for use by the fire department, will not be a UL listed emergency communication (voice) system. Public address will serve only mall common areas only. While the public address system may be used for occupant notification, it is not considered an audible fire alarm. Therefore, the Texas Accessibility Standards (TAS) and Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG) requirements would not apply to this project. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 48 - December 9, 1996 Revised March 19, 1997 The following displays and controls will be provided at the Fire Command Center, located within the mall security office: • Fire alarm annunciation • Manual (override) controls for smoke control • Microphone for the public address system In order to assist the fire department in responding to fire alarms, each riser room will be provided with a bell and a light located on the exterior of the room outer wall which will activate upon flow from any riser within that room. Also, the kitchen hood suppression systems located in the food court tenants and the individual major tenant fire alarm systems will be tied into the mall fire alarm system and annunciate at the mall fire alarm control panel. The mall's emergency generator will also be monitored by the fire alarm system for abnormal conditions. Should major/anchor tenants provide a generator, they will be similarly monitored by that tenant's fire alarm sub-panel. The UBC requires that duct-type detectors be provided in HVAC units having a capacity of 2000 cfm or more. Duct-type smoke detectors will be provided in all units that serve public areas, regardless of size. Per discussion with the local authorities, duct-type smoke detectors will be considered as supervisory signal initiating devices and will not cause general fire alarm signals. Table 6 summarizes the proposed fire alarm and supervisory signal initiating devices and the proposed sequence of operations upon activation of an initiating device. Occupant notification is not specifically addressed by the UBC. A public address system is required in malls exceeding 50,000 sq.ft. in area. The public address system, while available for use by the fire department, will not be a UL listed emergency communication (voice) system. Public address will serve only mall common areas only. While the public address system may be used for occupant notification, it is not considered an audible fire alarm. Therefore, the Texas Accessibility Standards (TAS) and Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG) requirements for emergency warning systems would not apply to the base building fire alarm system. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 48 - December 9, 1996 Revised July 7, 1997 i The following displays and controls will be provided at the Fire Command Center, located within the mall security office: • Fire alarm annunciation • Manual (override) controls for smoke control • Microphone for the public address system In order to assist the fire department in responding to fire alarms, each riser room will be provided with a bell and a light located on the exterior of the room outer wall which will activate upon flow from any riser within that room. Also, the kitchen hood suppression systems located in the food court tenants and the individual major tenant fire alarm systems will be tied into the mall fire alarm system and annunciate at the mall fire alarm control panel. The mall's emergency generator will also be monitored by the fire alarm system for abnormal conditions. Should major/anchor tenants provide a generator, they will be similarly monitored by that tenant's fire alarm sub-panel. The UBC requires that duct-type detectors be provided in HVAC units having a capacity of 2,000 cfm or more. Duct-type smoke detectors will be provided in all units that serve public areas, regardless of size. Per discussion with the local authorities, duct-type smoke detectors will be considered as supervisory signal initiating devices and will not cause general fire alarm signals. Table 6 summarizes the proposed fire alarm and supervisory signal initiating devices and the proposed sequence of operations upon activation of an initiating device. Occupant notification is not specifically addressed by the UBC. A public address system is required in malls exceeding 50,000 sq.ft. in area. The public address system, while available for use by the fire department, will not be a UL listed emergency communication (voice) system. Public address will serve only mall common areas only. While the public address system may be used for occupant notification, it is not considered an audible fire alarm. Therefore, the Texas Accessibility Standards (TAS) and Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines (ADAAG) requirements for emergency warning systems would not apply to the base building fire alarm system. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 48 - December 9, 1996 Revised November 19, 1997 7 { \ fU} : 2 � J 2 ƒ / ƒ 0 / - - - - % 3 < � ` ƒ CL k ; ® ƒ ` , � . \! ul x � 2 ; B » +« » - � § § ; 4kE / >- \ � ° � ^ ° } ° }» . < slay \ } ƒ \ » / z / ƒ ® z ƒ z z z z `a . 3 /a AU 2i z * } z. � z } z z. z. z« Z � 7t , . 3 3 ® f7 2 z z ƒ z ƒ z z z z / w - \� 7 \ � s ; \ } \ \ \ _\ \) E c ) \ \ { \ /{ En (n } - \ k / � \ { § \ \ ) ) } ) \ `} ` ( { % ± ) f ) \ ) , _ ` : , E ; 2 » :_ % - &2 , / = � / : $ 27 (nla ® r = » ) \}\ ) ) ) 2 ) ) ) ) } {mw V) (n J : 3 &} \ ) \ I } J ) 7 2 . e mm Eo E o `o `o .> ry N N N 11G_��9;QQC11 Q Q Q Q Q Q 4J Q N N N a a C ° = }LL >LL}LL}LL }LL >LL >N}LL}(n >N}cn }H 1] U E ym S. U U > Q — w m > > > > O ato..;•, � Q Q m v Q m0 aNi aNi ° aNiO � ° aNi ° >y YNY~ m 8 o `0 o _ m sum "? vyu� � a B N m } Y > Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z c Qy 0.2 0 QO�Ou= N Q N N N N O O d z Q O m O O O O «' } z } Y Z } Z z z Z z w F' N Q� o . Fcc > Eo �' 5 Qrn Ucn aNi 0 o 0 aNi aNi o 0 o 0 0 0 > > Z > Y > Z > Z Z Z z Cl � �Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Y z Z Z CxUpC 0 C MN. 0 z z z z z z z 0 O °Q N N O O w N O N O a O O } Y z z > > Z T z Z z z rn n E 3 m E c a c m y V O C N O O C'- N Y N N l0 U E N l0 O j. ry C CK C N caE E cc 3 0 o+ Z ° = o m ° o N Q o U L ` d C — NQN E x m 0 o u W> _ oy Q w o _ O ° ' 8 m y C N N � d 6 O E a U 0 00 O � m m E i+ LL:C 'm no $ mmm myti EOCa°i E °o- E> .+a_' Ki-mE o>m Ecma°iQ U VI N 02i �� 2 Q 7 V)p7 W V)=w U)a: wfn"� S> w(.0 <0 Ltl W Miscellaneous Building Features Roof Drainage Piping The roof drainage piping design is a proposed alternate method, approved by the local authorities. Section 3207(c) of the UBC requires that the roof drainage and overflow systems be independent of one another. The proposed method allows for a combined system with an overdesign in capacity. Rather than two independent systems, the roof drainage and overflow piping will be combined at a point downstream of the horizontal to vertical elbow of the roof drainage piping. Additionally, no combined piping will be less than 8" nominal in diameter. This will reduce the possibility of blockage in the piping after the point of connection. The greatest likelihood of blockage, on the roof, remains minimized by two independent drain inlets. Building Storm Drainage Piping Materials PVC piping will be permitted to be used for building storm drainage piping as follows: Pipe Material 15"-27" underslab and in yard SDR 35 10"-12" underslab and in yard SDR 26 All others Schedule 40 The above criteria are based upon discussions with and approval by City officials. Trash Compactor Drainage Floor drains at the compactors for the food court tenants will be permitted to be connected to the sanitary system. The initial concern by the City was that of storm water entering the sanitary system. In order to minimize this occurrence, the compactors will be located on an elevated pad. The compactors are also considered "permanent installations," thereby minimizing the potential of the drains experiencing storm water if the compactors were left uncovered. Further, it is the intention of the Grapevine Mills management that the compactors will not be left uncovered for extended periods of time. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 50 - December 9, 1996 CONCLUSION The proposed fire protection program which has been outlined herein for Grapevine Mills meets the intent of the code by providing a high level of safety for the building occupants. Alternate methods as described herein have been approved by the City as proposed with modifications based upon their comments. This program serves as a summary of the approved alternate methods of construction and should be utilized during the design process in conjunction with applicable codes for the Grapevine Mills project. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 51 - December 9, 1996 APPENDIX A SUMMARY OF FIRE PROTECTION/BUILDING CODE CRITERIA SEC Project No. 1796008-001 A-1 December 9, 1996 SUMMARY OF FIRE PROTECTION/BUILDING CODE CRITERIA Applicable Codes The following have been identified as applicable codes for the Grapevine Mills project: • Uniform Building Code (UBC), 1991 edition, as amended by the City of Grapevine • Uniform Mechanical Code (UMC), 1991 edition, as amended by the City of Grapevine • Uniform Plumbing Code (UPC), 1991 edition, as amended by the City of Grapevine • Uniform Fire Code (UFC), 1991 edition, as amended by the City of Grapevine • National Electrical Code (NEC), 1993 edition, as adopted by the City of Grapevine • Texas Accessibility Standards (TAS), effective April 1 , 1994* *This standard has been certified by the Department of Justice as providing equivalent standards to that of the Americans with Disabilities Act Accessibility Guidelines. 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L U N C a > N V m 0 0 �- L '� C O •7 Y C 0 3 E 'o p m ,.L_+ o N ; a1Di o a «: c `o ,a E m `0 3 3 y ° c c o � 0 U U V O m C O w w o ° .3 E W .� 0 'o a �. «' o m d " m o'M L uL- p .0 N N , 0 .5 O a) Y > m O N a V C N } 3 3 a o `m `m E m o m CL�t 3 Q N FL m E °m m 2 Q h �Q� ui W ~ F W Z U j Q w d X O O C7 w Z Q J Q CO L E CO w m Z_ O > a U a 2 w Q f- m O O a w LL cc 0 0 co 0 0 m E o P: z U m O U w FU�O =3�: N N� m m m - m Y m C T,o 0 `> o y a 0 0 -0 m L n C Y n N E N O N m m N N E U N m N E 7 LL N _L C N U N 'U UO U N E O > _� E m `O m m — m N Y N 7 N m 0 L Q O N Q n E « O 3 O T C O 'O Y C °.o n n 3 >, o `o Y a E N aN E c Y ° y• �. N m C ` C E �' O T m •3 N N O H m O m ami E cTi N _ m E U 3 EU - m 'c '« m 0 m U a o � v o a 3 c m c7i m e 3 vN n 4 o my N N N m n O N U '�. � >w•` L d N U w m N C Y «� v c o ° E N C L m 7 0�' N C L Y Y (� O N !� L C w T° m W 3 G Y c c U a T 3 t- m c 3 E N O O C T N U O mp d m N 'F, 7 N C .0 d C "O U E N o o m c m 7 m d o ° c '7 .� .� m .o c E n_ .N 7 m ° E Cl Cz .c o ° m o d C C m C c o m ¢ a a E 2 m` Q �° UO u> Q m U E c 0i `m o 0 m FL E ma Q > Q o E ; LL -D N m m N m m O W > W M L m w f' W LC Z d _ c U > -o m W W 'o M m 0 XO � UCD E d C LO m G V 0 T C _ dpJ o Q Q J N Y C -C d O YO - 'C m W d U Y N Z Z j 'y d m > Oa Ev NY O U Q N N c n W N m F- = `O a E a O C7 w d U U O y' O a) Q an d Y m W 0 fO E ° a C O Y M lL m 7 O O E m v Ln m Ln 3 O O CD O C N N Cl 0 N O C m C T f0 h lN/1 E d c Y E C m E a Q C, Q) m U) f ) > 7 m 7 Cl 0 S N O U W N O E Y N C N T E T n d c m a m O U N N d Z .� E O U m CU W W jy Q J O !L N N N U W (n mm L L Y m (D m 0) O) E m 3 E y o > 3 ° -_ E 3 ° cF E t ° 4) 0 y ° � L 0i ri < (D 0) 0 .0 w � F N m ° m a m N E cl `m om „ > N m m E ° m 0 o a w Q c w 3 m 3 >Lm E o �_ aE E n E m E .> aame ° m U . oa < a 3 > oo m ' a`) .. c c c c m c 0 . y = c .m 'a � um ? a m � a .2E > M O � d m N -0 3 0 . N a 3 E U d `m '� = N o c = 0 aLmai0cC %5E cacl `mN ac) Oa°i ° >CD .3 m .y d N O p am• U a) a > L O) N d _N w E a a N _m .L. N U >w m c C m O y w m N N > C C y �- C m = 0 m 7 c N Y N C , U C L Y m W 3 a) C a C Ol •� ° y 0 m - N E N � •_ m 0 E E 0 U < 'D d m m ro m m N y c ... � N > rn d Q c a m < j .o N m o _ y v m m a) y 7 > r m r y O O m m N c 0 U C m } CC L n 2 N m a a E 2 b < ° w o m o: Q > c h U1 0 — `m y Q m y L U m = aw o .a c Q � N w cn LU F' W m c m O N co m N N YO N � m U > -0 `O < O CL O w m o x V 5 N U .V tO > m m 2 Z m O O wZL7 NY c a ai c- o Q IL p J E E -0 r m o c Q J c m U VJ am) 7 Y C Ol E C) L y c7 w a) C) m m 0 C U �+ Z ? o Y 3 p U m O m X O' N 7 L -0 Y m U [L y � > a: E " w Q L ° m L � N N � � o � w � CL � U m m G m m N W N C m y O C LL m m m m ami wcEaL ^ ` E > O m N CL Y `o c 3 0 o U < 3 •EE � m ao >O 'o 0 m _ � d o N 'm M c = E e- m L N m m C ,m., 0 O w w m a cn = ch O W O 0 E 0) o m rn rl o > > >� Y c m y Z LL ` + N U U E m a) w w O d N U -w N N a m 01 N O a C 0 0 .- O) E 0) E m y m r m e ` 0l am+ N c Q c o m c y > m w E m ` m C N O ?� M C _C _a m m — O m 0 , O) m m m m a > C m E x d m d E ° w N CL m d m o m +- c� a 0 CD .5 a _ U a'_ u w .a a a d — U m `0 U c m c n T a v m 0 0 c0i n a 0 �0 a m > o 0 y ° E `p � o a CL mE Q U _ W m U c > U W pU .c } — - cQ C m E ` Ol N rm+ y c ti y V N 0 N F r 7 c C N W a d y F` W ? Z .0 O d U j u C a apaLU m °' C6 U C p 0 O a. N Ol L.+ x N O N U J y m c1 Cp N Q CL Q J = C m U a L a7 � E a 0 0. _ .J a O E - h a 0] W v c 0 a +' w m Z Z 7 O �' 0 m d E 0 1 0 H C U a a y m U N 3 E W 0 c O V c N O' CL 0 > 0 N o O C 0 a t m m t m W 3 a a O > N 7 � w ap o a LL C h W C L a C O m C `0 u 3 a E m y m m a o m a 0 a p C O E 4- 0 d •`off of p a Z .x m O Z 0 O °� O 00 N wm y •- N M CL W H \ O W O O 0 to O LN m O. c E Z 0 N . U O N a ui N N U W O a) a N N 0) 0) ta0 N O) 0) E f- N - N D O d O m a 0 N 7 3 N E m 'a. N ? ; U a �' C a) 0) LO m d M E m a � � m m m o a c `o 4 ' E 3 L °) — cdoy ' ouN EMNm yc d m c a — m 4) a1 » U C Y of a Y 0.cm N r �" d E Y 'o 3 � > c N cL CL ac � m c ' � a o 3 i co O y O E a O y E C M j Ol a U N N m y d c r c m m E ` v o' " = > N > :3 E `m co 3 N N y (a c0) N E V a1 L C m m - p O Y Q O U 0 —_ N d N m L O p N a.m. m N a m C Q h C "O V N a a CL m c 3 N a o a o ° = m a E » a 0 E m -o U N N ao NN •YN m3 > � — mom « - m m $ f0 � o '> y a m . E 'u m —m N o 3 O p L d O E C a N w N p 0 L m Y r y m > 3 C ` Y w U N 0 N L C > - N U C t~a N m p c -p .v o > 3 F m o 3 C - as as v a ° 0 c a Y c N c .0 ` ca U E m m m c) m . a a C p m 7 a1 m N O C C 7 7. E m V C m C O' T a V U c E a > m a.0 o E o m c o- c •o N o = N fC - d m p M .% C ,4] gym„ O 0) d y 0 N V a N.` m m a a0 c E — ; ° M d c m — a c 0 m b E >0 o > L � m N N 0 'E � -a o c a m > o " } Q u U E c m `m o u N F- E n Q Q u _ w d u - > u W c 5 c O _a) flt i y aU m w � � m LU ~ L a) w O. C LLI O a T N c Z a c a p 0 C O m >, i 07 U a Xog Ii d a O m> c w d c Z ('> N m U C p O CL 0 Q y L .7 O C d V N m w E o o E p Z Z 7 C a C d 7 C d w O > a 'X m Q a m E Y m H a cU s m a d .S .m E o. ._.._... L F- E a c Y w a o, 3 0 0 Y aO i j V C Y 0 acO a m o r o O 0 > 0 w a >M i N o N O w a Q p 0 N lL U C Q LO c m C E 0 a � 0 3 0 a y C a+ N y E m V m N .E y C E d N d p c O N N E m O N CL m C E U D C c o •`-' a -0 o f Y Q Cl Cl ° Z ax O Z O o 7 m d N Y 0 O o - W > O 0 0 O O Y (O aN CD or m m cl E o Y aai N a m U of z !0 Y ❑ O U y U O 0 'C N � N a a ll Q J V) vi u7 d (O N N N N N W APPENDIX B FIRE MODELING DATA SEC Project No. 1796008-001 B-1 December 9, 1996 FLAME HEIGHT AT SPRINKLER ACTIVATION: Mathcad version 6.0 PLUS was used to calculate approximate flame height given some known heat release rate and equivalent diameter of the fire source based on the correlation of Heskestad. The following illustrates the application of the equations in solving for the approximate flame height at sprinkler activation that would be produced from a fast growing "t-squared"gasoline fire for a 21 foot ceiling with standard response sprinklers spaced every 130 square feet. Heskestad's correlation as presented in the flame height chapter of the SFPE Handbook, 2nd edition,is shown below. 2 11=.23 Q5 - 1.02-D M kW m The heat release rate at sprinkler activation found by use of FPETOOL's DETACT algorithm is applied. Heat release densities, q9„oi"e and q5,.,P, ,,, from NFPA 72 Table B-2.2.2.1(a)were used to find a representative diameter of fire caused by gasoline and 5 foot high wood pallets in order to use Heskestad's correlation. It should be noted that flame height is strongly dependent upon the heat release rate of the fire, and ft is not strongly dependent on fuel source. INPUT q Sfootpallets =330- BTU sec ft2 q .=q 5footpallets Q =2655 BTU Q =2.801-10' •kW sec q'�ntDtw) =Q 4 D = FQ4 �qx 2 5 Flameheight =.23 Q m- 1.02D kW Flameheight= 14.8,ft INPUT q =q 5footpallets Q =6725 BTU Q _7.095.103 -kW sec D := Q 4 Tq.n 2 5 Flameheight :=.23 Q m— 1.02•D kW Flameheight=21 -ft REQUIRED EXHAUST CALCULATIONS Axisvmmetric Plumes: The plume mass flow rate [mp, Ibs/sect shall be determined by placing the design fire center on the axis of the space being analyzed. The limiting flame height shall be determined by equation (5-3)given the following input: Q '=5000 z := 12 Qc =.7Q 2 Z, =0.533 Q c 5 Z 1 = 13.9 (5-3) WHERE: Q =total heat output, Btu/s. Q = convective heat output, Btu/s. (The value of 0.shall not be taken as less than 0.700.) z = height from top of fuel surface to bottom of smoke layer,feet. Z, = limiting flame height, feet. (z, must be greater than the fuel equivalent diameter. See Section 905.6.) for z> z, 1 5 mp :=0.022Qc3z3 + 0.0042Qc mp =35.7 (54) for z=z; mP :=0.01I Qc mp =38.5 (5-5) for z<z, 3 M P :=0.0208 Q c 5 z m =33.4 (5-6) P To convert mp from pounds per second of mass flow to a volumetric rate,the following formula shall be used: M P :=33.4 T o =68 Initial Room Temperature, °F XL =.7 Heat Loss Fraction C =.24 T := XL). QC + T o M C P0 =0.075 (constant) 528 p o P = 460+ T V :760 MP V =33349 (5_7) P WHERE: V= volumetric Flow rate, cubic feet per minute (ft3/s) p= density of air at the temperature of the smoke layer, Ibs/ft3(T in deg F) Window Plumes. The plume mass flow rate (md shall be determined from: Required Input: H W =9 w w := 12 Height and Width of Window,ft. AW:=HN WW zW '.= 12- HW 2 1 a :=2.4AW5 HW5 - 2.1 HW (5.10) 1 l 3 5 1 M =0.077 (Aµ HN2) (zW a)3 +0.18Aw Hw' (5-9) M P =76.4 WHERE: k= area of the opening, square feet. H,,= height of the opening, feet z ,= height from the top of the window or opening to the bottom of the smoke layer,feet. Q T := (1 - XL)' c + T o T =125.2 degrees F mpcp 528 p o P:= 460+ T V :=60•m V=67779.3 P i i Balcony Spill Plumes. The plume mass flow rate (md for spill plumes shall be determined using the geometrically probable width based on architectural elements and projections in the following formula: Required Input: W:=6 zb =4 H:=8 z 3 p M =0.124-(Q W' 3� z b+0.3H 1 + 0.063 z + 0.6 H b I W (5-8) M P =47.5 WHERE: H = height above fire to underside of balcony, feet. W= plume width at point of spill, feet. zb= height from balcony, feet. T := 1 - XL)' + To m c 528 p o P 460+T V :=60 MP V =44651 P Balcony Spill Plumes. The plume mass flow rate (md fors ill plumes shall be determined using the geometrically probable width based on architectural elements and projections in the following formula: Required Input: W:= 10 zb =4 H:=8 2 s z +0.6-H 3 m :=0124 ( . Q W z + 0.3 H 1 + 0.063 P 2 � b � b W ) (5-8) M P =65.3 WHERE: H= height above fire to underside of balcony, feet. W= plume width at point of spill, feet. z,= height from balcony, feet. T :=(1 - X ) Qo + T L ' o mPcP 528 p o P = 460+ T V :=60 mP V =58865 P Balcony Spill Plumes. The plume mass flow rate (ma for spill plumes shall be determined using the geometrically probable width based on architectural elements and projections in the following formula: Required Input: W:= 15 zb :=4 H :=8 i 2 3 z +0.6 H 3 M :=0.124 (QW ) z +0.3H 1 + 0.063 I P 2 b b W (5-8) M p =84.6 WHERE: H = height above fire to underside of balcony,feet. W= plume width at point of spill,feet. z,= height from balcony, feet. Q T = (1 - XL)' c + To mpcp 528 p o P 460+T V :=60•mp V =74276 P Balcony Spill Plumes. The plume mass flow rate (m) for spill plumes shall be determined using the geometrically probable width based on architectural elements and projections in the following formula: Required Input: W :=20 zb :=4 H:=8 z i - 3 z +0.6'H 3 M =0.124 (QW ) z +0.3H I + 0.063 1? b b W (5-8) m p = 101.8 WHERE: H = height above fire to underside of balcony, feet. W= plume width at point of spill, feet. z,= height from balcony, feet. T := (1 - XL) Q + To mpcp 528 po P = 460+T V :=60 mp V=88090 P Balcony Spill Plumes. The plume mass flow rate (m) for spill plumes shall be determined using the geometrically probable width based on architectural elements and projections in the following formula: Required Input: W =30 zb :=4 H:=8 t ? M =0.124 (Q WZ)3 \zb+0.3 H� 1 +0.063 z b+0.6 HI3 W (5-8) M p = 132.6 WHERE: H = height above fire to underside of balcony, feet. W= plume width at point of spill, feet. z,= height from balcony, feet. mp c 528 p o P = 460+ T V :=60 mp V =112733 P FPETOOL V3 . 2 --------------------Sprinkler/detector response-------------------- Run title: GRAPEVINE MILLS - JVV Fire to Detector Room Device RTI ceiling axial dist. temp. rating ft ft F F (ft/s) ^ . 5 50. 0 8. 1 70 165 291. 0 Minimum heat release rate necessary to activate the detector at the location described is 4748 BTU/s 0 0 70 70 10 4 71 70 20 18 72 70 30 40 74 70 40 71 76 71 50 111 78 71 60 159 80 72 70 217 82 72 80 283 84 73 90 358 87 75 100 442 89 76 110 535 92 77 120 637 95 79 130 747 97 81 140 867 100 83 150 995 103 85 160 1132 106. 87 170 1278 109 90 180 1432 112 92 190 1596 116 95 200 1769 119 98 210 1950 122 100 220 2140 126 103 230 2339 129 106 240 2547 132 110 250 2763 136 113 260 2989 139 116 270 3223 143 120 280 3466 147 123 290 3718 150 127 300 3979 154 130 310 4249 158 134 320 4527 162 138 330 4815 166 141 340 5111 169 145 350 5416 173 149 360 5730 177 153 370 6053 181 157 380 6384 185 161 390 6725 189 165 ---- Detector activation at 390 seconds ---- 12-06-1996 FPETOOL V3 .2 --------------------Sprinkler/detector response-------------------- Run title: GRAPEVINE MILLS - JVV Fire to Detector Room Device RTI ceiling axial dist. temp. rating ft ft F F (ft/s) -.5 21. 0 8 . 1 70 165 291.0 Minimum heat release rate necessary to activate the detector at the location described is 1165 BTU/s 0 0 70 70 10 4 72 70 20 18 76 70 30 40 80 71 40 71 84 71 50 ill 89 72 60 159 95 74 70 217 100 75 80 283 106 77 90 358 113 80 100 442 119 83 110 535 126 86 120 637 133 90 130 747 140 94 140 867 147 98 150 995 155 103 160 1132 162 108 170 1278 170 114 180 1432 178 120 190 1596 186 126 200 1769 195 132 210 1950 203 139 220 2140 212 146 230 2339 220 153 240 2547 229 161 ---- Detector activation at 245 seconds ---- FIRE SIMULATOR [VER 3 . 20] Input data used for run of: 12-06-1996 10: 31: 00 Data file used: GRAPE2 . NN as of 12/06/96 10:30:24 Run title: GRAPEVINE MILLS - Fast Fire 08-23-96 LOTUS file name: GRAPE2 .WKS Heat of combustion: 12000 BTU/lb 27883 KJ/Kg Specific extinction coefficient: 0. 1 Flashover temperature: 1112 F 600 C Oxygen starvation threshold: 10. 0 % by volume Radiant energy fraction (from flame) : 0. 35 Maximum pre flashover energy loss: 0. 80 There is no Sprinkler/Heat detector defined There is no Smoke detector defined There is no initial inside opening defined Spacial dimensions of room: Room height: 21. 0 ft 6. 4 m Room floor area: 270400. 0 ft^2 25121. 0 m^2 Room wall perimeter: 2080. 0 ft 634. 0 m Room is rectangular: 520. 0 ft by 520. 0 ft 158. 5 m by 158 .5 r Description of ceiling materials: 100% STEEL 0. 1 in 3 mm Description of wall materials: 100% STEEL 0. 1 in 3 mm There is no HVAC defined Fire height: 2 . 0 ft 0. 6 m fast fire to 20 mw coef =. 0466 Fire description used came from firefile: FAST20MW. FIR 01-14-1992 A halt flag is set for time = 1800 Sec TIME -----TEMP----- ------LAYER---- -----FIRE----- sec F C ft m kW BTU/sec 0 70 21 21. 0 6. 4 0. 1 0. 1 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 3000. 0 m 9842 . 5 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 21. 0 % CO = 0. 0000 : CO2 = 0. 0000 % 60 75 24 21. 0 6. 4 167 . 8 159 . 1 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 52 . 9 m 173 . 7 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 9 % CO = 0. 0000 : CO2 = 0. 0589 % 120 83 28 20 . 9 6 . 4 671. 0 636.5 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 21. 0 m 68 . 8 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20.8 % CO = 0. 0000 : CO2 = 0.1485 % 180 92 33 20.8 6.3 1509. 8 1432.1 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 12 . 3 m 40.3 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 6 % CO = 0. 0001 : CO2 = 0.2549 $ 240 102 39 20. 7 6.3 2684. 2 2545.9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 8. 5 m 27.8 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 4 % CO = 0. 0004 : CO2 = 0.3739 $ 300 113 45 20. 6 6. 3 4194.0 3978.0 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 6.4 m 20. 9 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 2 % CO = 0. 0010 : CO2 = 0.5030 $ 360 126 52 20. 4 6 . 2 6039.4 5728.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 5. 1 m 16. 6 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 19. 9 % CO = 0. 0025 : CO2 = 0.6407 $ 420 139 59 20. 2 6. 2 8220.2 7796.9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 4 . 2 m 13 .7 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 19 . 7 % CO = 0. 0051 : CO2 = 0.7857 % 480 153 67 20. 0 6. 1 10736. 6 10183.7 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 3 . 6 m 11. 7 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 19 . 4 % CO = 0. 0096 : CO2 = 0. 9371 $ 540 168 76 19 . 8 6. 0 13588. 6 12888. 7 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 3 . 1 m 10. 1 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 19 . 2 % CO = 0. 0167 : CO2 = 1. 0937 % 600 184 85 19 . 6 6. 0 16776. 0 15912. 0 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 7 m 8. 9 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18. 9 % CO = 0. 0275 : CO2 = 1.2544 % 660 201 94 19 . 3 5. 9 20053 . 7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 4 m 8. 0 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 6 % CO = 0. 0434 : CO2 = 1. 4179 $ 720 216 102 19 . 0 5. 8 20053 . 7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 2 m 7. 3 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 3 % CO = 0. 0616 : CO2 = 1. 5608 % 780 229 109 18 . 8 5. 7 20053 . 7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 1 m 6. 8 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18. 1 % CO = 0. 0793 : CO2 = 1. 6750 % 840 239 115 18 . 5 5. 6 20053 . 7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 0 m 6. 5 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 9 % CO = 0. 0963 : CO2 = 1. 7697 % 900 248 120 18 . 2 5. 6 20053 .7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1.9 m 6. 3 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 8 % CO = 0. 1127 : CO2 = 1.8507 % 960 257 125 18 . 0 5 . 5 20053 . 7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 8 m 6. 1 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17. 6 % : CO = 0. 1285 : CO2 = 1. 9215 % 1020 264 129 17 . 7 5 .4 20053 . 7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1 . 8 m 5. 9 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17. 5 % CO = 0. 1438 : CO2 = 1. 9846 % 1080 271 133 17. 5 5. 3 20053.7 19020.9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1.7 m 5.7 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 4 % CO = 0. 1585 : CO2 = 2. 0417 $ 1140 277 136 17. 2 5. 3 20053.7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 7 m 5. 6 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 3 % CO = 0. 1729 : CO2 = 2. 0942 $ 1200 283 139 17. 0 5.2 20053.7 19020.9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1.7 m 5.5 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17.2 % CO = 0. 1868 : CO2 = 2. 1429 $ 1260 288 142 16 . 8 5. 1 20053 . 7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 6 m 5. 4 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 1 % CO = 0.2003 : CO2 = 2. 1885 % 1320 294 145 16.5 5. 0 20053 . 7 19020.9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 6 m 5.3 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 0 % CO = 0. 2135 : CO2 = 2 . 2317 $ 1380 299 148 16. 3 5. 0 20053 . 7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 6 m 5. 2 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 16. 9 % CO = 0. 2264 : CO2 = 2 . 2727 $ 1440 304 151 16 . 1 4 . 9 20053 .7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 6 m 5. 1 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 16. 8 % CO = 0. 2391 : CO2 = 2. 3119 $ 1500 309 154 15. 8 4. 8 20053 . 7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 5 m 5. 1 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 16. 7 % CO = 0. 2515 : CO2 = 2 . 3497 $ 1560 313 156 15 . 6 4 . 8 20053. 7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 5 m 5. 0 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 16. 6 % CO = 0. 2636 : CO2 = 2 . 3862 % 1620 318 159 15. 4 4 .7 20053 . 7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 5 m 4 . 9 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 16. 6 % CO = 0. 2756 : CO2 = 2 .4217 $ 1680 322 161 15. 2 4 . 6 20053 . 7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 5 m 4 . 9 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 16. 5 % CO = 0.2874 : CO2 = 2 . 4561 % 1740 327 164 15. 0 4 . 6 20053 . 7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 5 m 4 . 8 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 16. 4 % CO = 0. 2990 : CO2 = 2.4898 % 1800 331 166 14 .8 4 .5 20053 . 7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 5 m 4.8 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 16. 3 % CO = 0. 3104 : CO2 = 2 . 5228 $ 1800 331 166 14. 8 4 . 5 20053 . 7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 5 m 4. 8 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 16 . 3 % CO = 0. 3106 : CO2 = 2 . 5233 ______________RUN COMPLETED=====_________ FIRE PUMP ACCEPTANCE TEST HYATT REGENCY HOUSTON AIRPORT 15747 JFK Boulevard Houston, Texas 77032 SEC Project No. 1496300-110 Engineer: Walter A. Damon Date: November 19, 1996 Pump and Motor Data Pump Manufacturer: Aurora Type: Horizontal Split Case Model No.: 5-481-11C RPM: 3545 Serial No.: 80-65819 Capacity: 1000 gpm Pressure: 100 psi Impeller Size: 8.063 inch Stages: Single Suction: 6 inch Discharge: 6 inch By-pass: None Control Valves - Suction: 6 inch Discharge: 6 inch By-pass: None Circulation Relief Valve: 3/4 inch Air Release Valve: 1/2 inch Gauges - Suction: 30" HG7-150 psi Discharge: 0-300 psi City Pressure: 40-60 psi Suction From: 3600 gal break tank Pump Room Construction: Sprinklered non-combustible. Driver Manufacturer: Marathon Electric Type: Open Drip Proof Horsepower: 75 Volts: 460 Amperes: 96 Phase: 3 Cycles: 60 Hz RPM: 3500 Splash Shield: None Power Description: Houston Power & Light; plus 110 KVA emergency generator and transfer switch. FIRE SIMULATOR EVER 3 . 20] Input data used for run of: 12-06-1996 10: 40:20 Data file used: GRAPE3 . NN as of 12/06/96 10: 39:58 Run title: GRAPEVINE MILLS - Fast Fire 08-23-96 LOTUS file name: GRAPE3 .WKS Heat of combustion: 12000 BTU/lb 27883 KJ/Kg Specific extinction coefficient: 0. 1 Flashover temperature: 1112 F 600 C Oxygen starvation threshold: 10. 0 % by volume Radiant energy fraction (from flame) : 0.35 Maximum pre flashover energy loss: 0.80 There is no Sprinkler/Heat detector defined There is no Smoke detector defined There is no initial inside opening defined Spacial dimensions of room: Room height: 27 . 0 ft 8 .2 m Room floor area: 270400. 0 ft^2 25121. 0 m^2 Room wall perimeter: 2080 . 0 ft 634. 0 m Room is rectangular: 520. 0 ft by 520. 0 ft 158. 5 m by 158. 5 m Description of ceiling materials : 100% STEEL 0. 1 in 3 mm Description of wall materials: 100% STEEL 0. 1 in 3 mm There is no HVAC defined Fire height: 2 . 0 ft 0. 6 m fast fire to 20 mw coef =. 0466 Fire description used came from firefile: FAST20MW. FIR 01-14-1992 TIME -----TEMP----- ------LAYER---- -----FIRE----- sec F C ft m kW BTU/sec 0 70 21 27. 0 8 .2 0. 1 0. 1 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 3000. 0 m 9842 . 5 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 21. 0 % CO = 0. 0000 : CO2 = 0. 0000 % 60 73 23 27 . 0 8 .2 167 .8 159 . 1 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 83 . 3 m 273 .4 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 9 % CO = 0. 0000 : CO2 = 0. 0373 % 120 78 26 26. 9 8 .2 671. 0 636. 5 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 32 . 8 m 107 . 6 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20 . 8 % CO = 0. 0000 : CO2 = 0. 0943 % 180 84 29 26. 7 8 . 1 1509. 8 1432 . 1 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 19 . 1 m 62 . 7 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 7 % CO = 0. 0000 : CO2 = 0. 1623 $ 240 90 32 26. 6 8. 1 2684 . 2 2545.9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 13 . 1 m 42. 9 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 6 % CO = 0. 0001 ; CO2 = 0. 2388 $ 300 98 36 26. 4 8. 0 4194. 0 3978. 0 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 9. 8 m 32. 0 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 5 % CO = 0.0004 : CO2 = 0.3223 $ 360 105 41 26 . 1 8. 0 6039.4 5728.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 7 . 7 m 25. 2 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 3 % CO = 0. 0010 : CO2 = 0. 4120 $ 420 114 45 25 . 9 7. 9 8220. 2 7796. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 6. 3 m 20. 7 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 2 % CO = 0. 0021 : CO2 = 0. 5074 $ 480 123 51 25 . 6 7. 8 10736. 6 10183.7 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 5. 3 m 17 .4 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 0 % CO = 0. 0039 : CO2 = 0. 6079 % 540 133 56 25 . 3 7.7 13588 . 6 12888.7 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 4 . 6 m 14 .9 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 19 . 8 % CO = 0. 0069 : CO2 = 0. 7131 % 600 143 62 24 . 9 7. 6 16776. 0 15912. 0 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 4 . 0 m 13 . 1 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 19 . 6 % CO = 0. 0114 : CO2 = 0. 8224 $ 660 154 68 24 . 5 7. 5 20053 .7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 3 . 5 m 11. 6 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 19 . 4 % CO = 0. 0180 : CO2 = 0. 9355 $ 720 164 73 24 . 2 7. 4 20053 . 7 19020.9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 3 . 2 m 10. 5 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 19 . 3 % CO = 0. 0256 : CO2 = 1. 0355 $ 780 172 78 23 . 8 7 . 3 20053 . 7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 3 . 0 m 9. 8 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 19 . 1 % CO = 0. 0331 : CO2 = 1. 1162 $ 840 179 81 23 . 4 7 . 1 20053 . 7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 8 m 9. 3 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 19 . 0 % CO = 0. 0402 : CO2 = 1. 1837 $ 900 184 85 23 . 1 7 . 0 20053 . 7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 7 m 8. 9 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18. 9 % CO = 0. 0472 : CO2 = 1. 2419 $ 960 190 88 22 . 7 6 .9 20053 . 7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 6 m 8. 6 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 8 % CO = 0. 0539 : CO2 = 1. 2932 $ 1020 195 90 22 . 4 6 .8 20053 . 7 19020. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 .5 m 8. 3 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 7 % CO = 0. 0604 : CO2 = 1. 3393 $ 1080 199 93 22 . 1 6.7 20053 .7 19020.9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 5 m 8 . 1 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 6 % Co = 0. 0666 : CO2 = 1.3813 % 1140 203 95 21. 7 6. 6 20053.7 19020.9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 4 m 7. 9 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 5 % CO = 0. 0728 : CO2 = 1.4201 $ 1200 207 97 21.4 6 . 5 20053.7 19020.9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 3 m 7 . 7 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 5 % CO = 0. 0787 : CO2 = 1.4563 $ 1260 211 99 21. 1 6. 4 20053 .7 19020.9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 3 m 7.5 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 .4 % CO = 0. 0845 : CO2 = 1.4904 $ 1320 214 101 20. 8 6. 3 20053 . 7 19020.9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 2 m 7. 4 ft Smoke gases : oxygen = 18 . 3 % Co = 0. 0901 : CO2 = 1. 5229 % 1380 217 103 20. 5 6. 2 20053 . 7 19020.9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 2 m 7. 2 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 3 % CO = 0. 0957 : CO2 = 1.5538 % 1440 221 105 20. 2 6. 2 20053 .7 19020.9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 .2 m 7. 1 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 2 % CO = 0. 1011 : CO2 = 1. 5836 % 1500 224 107 19 . 9 6. 1 20053 . 7 19020.9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 1 m 7. 0 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 2 % CO = 0. 1064 : CO2 = 1. 6124 $ 1560 227 108 19. 6 6. 0 20053 . 7 19020.9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 1 m 6. 9 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 1 % CO = 0. 1117 : CO2 = 1. 6402 $ 1620 230 110 19 . 3 5.9 20053 .7 19020.9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 1 m 6. 8 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 1 % CO = 0. 1168 : CO2 = 1. 6674 % 1680 233 112 19. 0 5.8 20053 .7 19020.9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 0 m 6. 7 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 0 % CO = 0. 1219 : CO2 = 1.6938 % 1740 236 113 18 . 8 5. 7 20053 . 7 19020.9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 0 m 6. 6 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 0 % CO = 0. 1269 : CO2 = 1. 7198 1800 239 115 18 . 5 5. 6 20053. 7 19020.9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 0 m 6. 5 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 9 % CO = 0. 1319 : CO2 = 1.7452 ==============RUN COMPLETED============== FIRE SIMULATOR [VER 3 . 20] Input data used for run of: 12-06-1996 10:26: 37 Data file used: GRAPE3 . NN as of 12/06/96 10:26: 20 Run title: GRAPEVINE MILLS - Fast Fire 08-23-96 LOTUS file name: GRAPE3 .WKS Heat of combustion: 12000 BTU/lb 27883 KJ/Kg Specific extinction coefficient: 0. 1 Flashover temperature: 1112 F 600 C Oxygen starvation threshold: 10. 0 % by volume Radiant energy fraction (from flame) : 0. 35 Maximum pre flashover energy loss: 0 . 80 There is no Sprinkler/Heat detector defined There is no Smoke detector defined There is no initial inside opening defined Spacial dimensions of room: Room height: 27 . 0 ft 8 . 2 m Room floor area: 270400 . 0 ft"2 25121. 0 m^2 Room wall perimeter: 2080. 0 ft 634 . 0 m Room is rectangular: 520. 0 ft by 520. 0 ft 158. 5 m by 158 . 5 m Description of ceiling materials: 100% STEEL 0. 1 in 3 mm Description of wall materials: 100% STEEL 0. 1 in 3 mm There is no HVAC defined Fire height: 2 . 0 ft 0. 6 m grapevine Fire description used came from firefile: SHI. FIR TIME -----TEMP----- ------LAYER---- -----FIRE----- sec F C ft m kW BTU/sec 0 70 21 27 . 0 8 . 2 0. 1 0. 1 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 3000. 0 m 9842 . 5 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 21. 0 % CO = 0. 0000 : CO2 = 0. 0000 % 20 139 59 26. 9 8 . 2 7833 . 0 7429. 6 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 4 . 3 m 14.2 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 19 . 7 % CO = 0. 0194 : CO2 = 0. 7963 % 40 143 62 26. 8 8. 2 8616. 0 8172. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 4 . 0 m 13 . 2 ft Smoke gases : oxygen = 19 . 6 % CO = 0. 0263 : CO2 = 0. 8372 % 60 146 63 26 . 7 8 . 1 9436. 0 8950. 0 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 3 . 9 m 12 . 7 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 19 . 5 % CO = 0. 0313 : CO2 = 0.8689 % 80 149 65 26. 6 8. 1 10293 . 0 9762 . 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 3 . 7 m 12 . 2 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 19 . 5 % CO = 0. 0355 : CO2 = 0.8991 % 100 152 67 26. 5 8. 1 11188 . 0 10611.8 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 3 . 6 m 11.8 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 19 . 4 % CO = 0. 0395 : CO2 = 0.9291 % 120 155 69 26. 4 8 . 0 12120.0 11495.8 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 3 . 5 m 11.4 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 19 . 3 % CO = 0.0435 : CO2 = 0.9594 % 140 159 70 26 . 3 8. 0 13089 . 0 12414 . 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 3 .4 m 11. 1 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 19 . 3 % CO = 0. 0474 : CO2 = 0. 9900 % 160 162 72 26. 2 8. 0 14096. 0 13370. 1 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 3 . 3 m 10. 7 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 19 . 2 % CO = 0. 0515 : CO2 = 1. 0210 % 180 165 74 26. 0 7. 9 15140. 0 14360. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 3 . 2 m 10. 4 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 19 . 2 % CO = 0. 0558 : CO2 = 1. 0524 % 200 168 76 25 . 9 7 . 9 16221. 0 15385. 6 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 3 . 1 m 10. 1 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 19 . 1 % CO = 0. 0603 : CO2 = 1. 0843 % 220 172 78 25 . 8 7. 9 17339. 0 16446. 0 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 3 . 0 m 9.8 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 19 . 1 % CO = 0. 0651 : CO2 = 1. 1165 % 240 175 80 25 . 7 7 . 8 18495. 0 17542 .5 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 9 m 9 . 5 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 19 . 0 % CO = 0. 0701 : CO2 = 1. 1491 % 260 179 82 25 . 5 7 . 8 19688 . 0 18674 . 1 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 8 m 9. 3 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 9 % CO = 0. 0756 : CO2 = 1. 1820 % 280 182 83 25. 4 7. 7 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 .8 m 9. 0 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 9 % CO = 0. 0812 : CO2 = 1. 2139 % 300 185 85 25 . 3 7 . 7 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 7 m 8.8 ft Smoke gases : oxygen = 18 . 8 % CO = 0. 0866 : CO2 = 1.2422 % 320 188 87 25 . 1 7 . 7 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 6 m 8. 7 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 8 % CO = 0. 0917 : CO2 = 1. 2671 % 340 190 88 25. 0 7 . 6 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 6 m 8. 5 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 7 % CO = 0. 0966 : CO2 = 1. 2894 % 360 193 89 24 . 9 7 . 6 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 6 m 8. 4 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 7 % CO = 0. 1013 : CO2 = 1.3096 $ 380 195 90 24 . 7 7 . 5 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 5 m 8.3 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 6 % CO = 0. 1058 : CO2 = 1. 3281 $ 400 197 91 24 . 6 7 . 5 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 5 m 8 . 2 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 6 % CO = 0. 1102 : CO2 = 1. 3451 420 198 92 24 . 5 7 . 5 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 5 m 8 . 1 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 6 % CO = 0. 1143 : CO2 = 1. 3608 $ 440 200 93 24 . 4 7 . 4 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 4 m 8 . 0 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 5 % CO = 0. 1184 : CO2 = 1. 3756 $ 460 202 94 24 . 2 7 . 4 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 4 m 7 .9 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 5 % CO = 0. 1223 : CO2 = 1. 3895 $ 480 203 95 24 . 1 7 . 3 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 4 m 7 . 8 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 5 % CO = 0. 1260 : CO2 = 1. 4026 It 500 205 96 24 . 0 7 . 3 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 4 m 7 . 8 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 5 % : CO = 0. 1297 : CO2 = 1 . 4150 $ 520 206 97 23 . 9 7 . 3 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 4 m 7 . 7 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 4 % CO = 0. 1332 : CO2 = 1. 4269 $ 540 207 97 23 . 7 7 . 2 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 3 m 7 .7 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 4 % CO = 0. 1367 : CO2 = 1. 4383 % 560 209 98 23 . 6 7 . 2 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 3 m 7. 6 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 4 % CO = 0 . 1401 : CO2 = 1. 4492 $ 580 210 99 23 . 5 7. 2 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 3 m 7 . 5 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 4 % : CO = 0. 1433 : CO2 = 1. 4598 $ 600 211 99 23 . 4 7. 1 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 3 m 7 . 5 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 3 % CO = 0. 1465 : CO2 = 1. 4700 $ 620 212 100 23 . 3 7 . 1 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 3 m 7 . 4 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 3 % CO = 0. 1497 : CO2 = 1. 4799 % 640 213 101 23 . 1 7 . 1 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 3 m 7. 4 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18. 3 % CO = 0. 1527 : CO2 = 1. 4895 % 660 214 101 23 . 0 7. 0 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 2 m 7 . 4 ft Smoke gases : oxygen = 18 . 3 % Co = 0. 1557 : CO2 = 1. 4988 $ 680 216 102 22 . 9 7 . 0 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 2 m 7. 3 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 3 % CO = 0. 1586 : CO2 = 1. 5080 $ 700 217 103 22 . 8 6. 9 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 .2 m 7 . 3 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18. 2 % : .CO = 0. 1615 : CO2 = 1.5169 $ 720 218 103 22 . 7 6. 9 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 2 m 7 . 2 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 2 % CO = 0. 1643 : CO2 = 1.5257 $ 740 219 104 22 . 6 6. 9 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 2 m 7. 2 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 2 % CO = 0. 1671 : CO2 = 1. 5343 $ 760 220 104 22 . 4 6. 8 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 2 m 7 . 2 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18. 2 % CO = 0. 1698 : CO2 = 1. 5427 $ 780 221 105 22 . 3 6. 8 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 2 m 7. 1 ft Smoke gases : oxygen = 18 . 2 % CO = 0. 1725 : CO2 = 1. 5510 $ 800 222 105 22 . 2 6.8 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 .2 m 7. 1 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 1 % CO = 0. 1751 : CO2 = 1. 5592 % 820 223 106 22 . 1 6. 7 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 1 m 7 . 0 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 1 % CO = 0. 1777 : CO2 = 1. 5672 $ 840 224 106 22 . 0 6. 7 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 1 m 7. 0 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18. 1 % CO = 0. 1803 : CO2 = 1.5752 $ 860 225 107 21. 9 6. 7 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 1 m 7. 0 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 1 % CO = 0. 1828 : CO2 = 1.5831 % 880 226 108 21.8 6. 6 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 1 m 6. 9 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 1 % CO = 0. 1852 : CO2 = 1. 5908 $ 900 226 108 21. 7 6. 6 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 1 m 6. 9 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18. 1 % CO = 0. 1877 : CO2 = 1.5985 % 920 227 109 21. 6 6. 6 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 1 m 6. 9 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18. 0 % CO = 0. 1901 : CO2 = 1. 6061 $ 940 228 109 21. 5 6. 5 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 1 m 6.8 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18. 0 % CO = 0. 1925 : CO2 = 1. 6137 $ 960 229 110 21. 4 6. 5 20053 . 0 19020.3' Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2. 1 m 6. 8 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 0 % CO = 0. 1948 : CO2 = 1. 6212 % 980 230 110 21. 3 6. 5 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2. 1 m 6. 8 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 0 % CO = 0. 1971 : CO2 = 1. 6286 % 1000 231 111 21. 1 6. 4 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 1 m 6.8 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 0 % CO = 0. 1994 : CO2 = 1. 6360 % 1020 232 111 21. 0 6. 4 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 1 m 6.7 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 18 . 0 % CO = 0. 2017 : CO2 = 1. 6433 % 1040 233 112 20. 9 6. 4 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 0 m 6. 7 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17. 9 % CO = 0.2039 : CO2 = 1. 6505 % 1060 234 112 20. 8 6. 4 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 0 m 6. 7 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 9 % CO = 0. 2061 : CO2 = 1. 6578 % 1080 235 113 20. 7 6. 3 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 0 m 6. 6 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17. 9 % CO = 0. 2083 : CO2 = 1. 6649 % 1100 235 113 20. 6 6. 3 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 0 m 6. 6 ft Smoke gases : oxygen = 17 . 9 % CO = 0. 2105 : CO2 = 1. 6721 % 1120 236 113 20. 5 6. 3 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 0 m 6. 6 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 9 % CO = 0. 2126 : CO2 = 1. 6792 % 1140 237 114 20. 4 6. 2 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 0 m 6. 6 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 9 % CO = 0. 2148 : CO2 = 1. 6863 % 1160 238 114 20. 3 6. 2 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2. 0 m 6. 5 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 9 % CO = 0. 2169 : CO2 = 1. 6933 % 1180 239 115 20.2 6. 2 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2. 0 m 6. 5 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17. 8 % CO = 0. 2190 : CO2 = 1.7004 % 1200 240 115 20. 1 6. 1 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 0 m 6. 5 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 8 % CO = 0.2210 : CO2 = 1. 7074 % 1220 241 116 20. 0 6. 1 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 0 m 6. 5 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 8 % CO = 0. 2231 : CO2 = 1.7143 % 1240 241 116 19. 9 6 . 1 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 0 m 6 . 4 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 8 % CO = 0. 2251 : CO2 = 1. 7213 % 1260 242 117 19 . 8 6. 0 20053. 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 2 . 0 m 6.4 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 8 % CO = 0.2271 : CO2 = 1.7282 $ 1280 243 117 19 . 8 6. 0 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 9 m 6.4 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 8 % CO = 0. 2291 : CO2 = 1.7351 $ 1300 244 118 19 . 7 6. 0 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 9 m 6.4 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 8 % CO = 0.2311 : CO2 = 1. 7420 $ 1320 245 118 19. 6 6. 0 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 9 m 6. 3 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 7 % CO = 0. 2331 : CO2 = 1. 7489 $ 1340 246 119 19 . 5 5. 9 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 9 m 6. 3 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 7 % CO = 0. 2351 : CO2 = 1.7557 $ 1360 247 119 19 . 4 5. 9 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 9 m 6. 3 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 7 % CO = 0. 2370 : CO2 = 1. 7626 $ 1380 247 120 19 . 3 5. 9 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 9 m 6. 3 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 7 % CO = 0. 2389 : CO2 = 1. 7694 $ 1400 248 120 19. 2 5. 8 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 9 m 6. 3 ft Smoke gases : oxygen = 17 . 7 % CO = 0. 2409 : CO2 = 1. 7762 $ 1420 249 121 19 . 1 5. 8 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 9 m 6. 2 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 7 % CO = 0. 2428 : CO2 = 1. 7830 % 1440 250 121 19 . 0 5. 8 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 9 m 6. 2 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 7 % CO = 0.2447 : CO2 = 1.7898 % 1460 251 122 18. 9 5. 8 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 9 m 6. 2 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 6 % CO = 0. 2466 : CO2 = 1. 7966 $ 1480 252 122 18 . 8 5. 7 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 9 m 6.2 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 6 % CO = 0. 2484 : CO2 = 1.8034 % 1500 252 122 18 . 7 5. 7 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 9 m 6. 2 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 6 % CO = 0.2503 : CO2 = 1. 8101 $ 1520 253 123 18 . 6 5 . 7 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 9 m 6. 1 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 6 % CO = 0. 2521 : CO2 = 1. 8169 1540 254 123 18 . 6 5 . 7 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 9 m 6. 1 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 6 % CO = 0. 2540 : CO2 = 1. 8236 $ 1560 255 124 18 . 5 5. 6 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 9 m 6. 1 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17. 6 % CO = 0.2558 : CO2 = 1.8304 $ 1580 256 124 18 . 4 5. 6 20053. 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1.8 m 6. 1 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17. 6 % CO = 0.2576 : CO2 = 1. 8371 % 1600 257 125 18 . 3 5. 6 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1.8 m 6. 0 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17. 5 % CO = 0.2595 : CO2 = 1. 8438 $ 1620 257 125 18 . 2 5. 5 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1.8 m 6. 0 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 5 % CO = 0.2613 : CO2 = 1.8505 $ 1640 258 126 18 . 1 5. 5 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 8 m 6. 0 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 5 % CO = 0.2631 : CO2 = 1.8573 % 1660 259 126 18 . 0 5. 5 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 8 m 6. 0 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 5 % CO = 0. 2649 : CO2 = 1. 8640 $ 1680 260 127 18 . 0 5. 5 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1.8 m 6. 0 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 5 % CO = 0. 2666 : CO2 = 1. 8707 % 1700 261 127 17 . 9 5. 4 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1.8 m 6. 0 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 5 % CO = 0. 2684 : CO2 = 1.8774 % 1720 262 128 17 . 8 5. 4 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 8 m 5.9 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17. 5 % : Co = 0. 2702 : CO2 = 1.8841 % 1740 262 128 17 . 7 5.4 20053 . 0 19020.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1 . 8 m 5.9 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 4 % : CO = 0.2719 : CO2 = 1.8908 % 1760 263 128 17. 6 5.4 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 8 m 5. 9 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17.4 % Co = 0. 2737 : CO2 = 1.8975 % 1780 264 129 17 . 5 5 . 3 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 8 m 5.9 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 4 % CO = 0. 2754 : CO2 = 1. 9042 % 1800 265 129 17 . 5 5.3 20053 . 0 19020. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 1. 8 m 5.9 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 17 . 4 % CO = 0.2772 : CO2 = 1. 9109 % ______________RUN COMPLETED=====_________ FIRE SIMULATOR [VER 3 . 20) Input data used for run of: 12-06-1996 10:24: 55 Data file used: GRAPE4 . NN as of 12/06/96 10:24 : 28 Run title: GRAPEVINE MILLS - Fast Fire 08-23-96 LOTUS file name: GRAPE4 .WKS Heat of combustion: 12000 BTU/lb 27883 KJ/Kg Specific extinction coefficient: 0. 1 Flashover temperature: 1112 F 600 C Oxygen starvation threshold: 10. 0 % by volume Radiant energy fraction (from flame) : 0. 35 Maximum pre flashover energy loss: 0. 80 There is no Sprinkler/Heat detector defined There is no Smoke detector defined There is no initial inside opening defined Spacial dimensions of room: Room height: 42 .8 ft 13 . 0 m Room floor area: 28800. 0 ft^2 2675. 6 m^2 Room wall perimeter: 720. 0 ft 219 . 5 m Room is rectangular: 120. 0 ft by 240. 0 ft 36. 6 m by 73 . 2 Description of ceiling materials: 100% STEEL 0. 1 in 3 mm Description of wall materials: 100% STEEL 0. 1 in 3 mm There is no HVAC defined Fire height: 2 . 0 ft 0. 6 m fast fire to 20 mw coef =. 0466 Fire description used came from firefile: FAST20MW. FIR 01-14-1992 A halt flag is set for time = 400 Sec TIME -----TEMP----- ------LAYER---- -----FIRE----- sec F C ft m kW BTU/sec 0 70 21 42 . 8 13 . 0 0. 1 0. 1 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 3000. 0 m 9842 . 5 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 21. 0 % CO = 0. 0000 : CO2 = 0. 0000 % 20 70 21 42 . 6 13 . 0 18. 6 17 .7 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 820. 2 m 2691. 0 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 21. 0 % CO = 0. 0000 : CO2 = 0. 0039 % 40 71 22 42 . 3 12 . 9 74 . 6 70. 7 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 323 . 0 m 1059.8 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 21. 0 % CO = 0. 0000 : CO2 = 0. 0097 % 60 72 22 41. 9 12. 8 167.8 159. 1 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 184 . 8 m 606. 4 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 21. 0 % CO = 0. 0000 : CO2 = 0.0168 $ 80 73 23 41. 4 12 . 6 298.2 282.9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 124 . 0 m 406. 8 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 21. 0 % CO = 0. 0000 : CO2 = 0.0249 $ 100 74 23 40. 8 12. 4 466. 0 442. 0 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 90. 7 m 297. 7 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 9 % CO = 0. 0000 : CO2 = 0. 0340 $ 120 76 24 40. 1 12. 2 671. 0 636.5 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 70. 1 m 230. 0 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 9 % CO = 0. 0000 : CO2 = 0.0440 $ 140 78 25 39 . 3 12. 0 913 .4 866.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 56 . 2 m 184 . 4 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 9 % CO = 0. 0000 : CO2 = 0. 0549 $ 160 80 26 38 . 5 11. 7 1193 . 0 1131. 5 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 46 . 3 m 151. 9 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 9 % CO = 0. 0000 : CO2 = 0. 0667 $ 180 82 28 37 . 7 11. 5 1509 . 8 1432 . 1 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 38 . 9 m 127 . 7 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 9 % CO = 0. 0000 : CO2 = 0. 0794 $ 200 84 29 36 . 8 11. 2 1864 . 0 1768 . 0 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 33 . 2 m 109 . 1 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 8 % CO = 0. 0000 : CO2 = 0. 0932 % 220 87 30 35. 9 10. 9 2255.4 2139 . 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 28 . 8 m 94 . 3 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 8 % CO = 0. 0000 : CO2 = 0. 1080 $ 240 89 32 34 . 9 10. 6 2684 . 2 2545. 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 25. 1 m 82 . 5 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 8 % CO = 0. 0000 : CO2 = 0. 1238 % 260 92 33 34 . 0 10. 3 3150. 2 2987 . 9 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 22 . 2 m 72 . 7 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 8 % CO = 0. 0001 : CO2 = 0. 1408 $ 280 95 35 33 . 0 10. 1 3653 . 4 3465. 3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 19 . 7 m 64 . 6 ft Smoke gases : oxygen = 20. 7 % CO = 0. 0001 : CO2 = 0. 1589 $ 300 98 37 32 . 0 9 .8 4194 . 0 3978. 0 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 17. 6 m 57 . 8 ft Smoke gases : oxygen = 20. 7 % CO = 0. 0001 : CO2 = 0. 1783 320 102 39 31. 0 9 .5 4771.8 4526 . 1 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 15. 8 m 52 . 0 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20 . 7 % CO = 0. 0002 : CO2 = 0. 1990 $ 340 106 41 30. 0 9 . 2 5387 . 0 5109 . 5 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 14 . 3 m 46. 9 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 6 % CO = 0. 0002 : CO2 = 0.2210 % 360 109 43 29 . 0 8.8 6039 .4 5728.3 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 13 . 0 m 42 . 6 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 6 % CO = 0. 0003 : CO2 = 0.2445 $ 380 114 45 28 . 0 8.5 6729 . 0 6382.5 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 11. 8 m 38 .8 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 6 % CO = 0. 0004 : CO2 = 0.2695 400 118 48 27 . 1 8 .2 7456. 0 7072. 0 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 10. 8 m 35. 5 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 5 % CO = 0. 0006 : CO2 = 0.2960 400 118 48 27 . 1 8.2 7456. 0 7072.0 Vision distance (smoke layer) = 10. 8 m 35. 5 ft Smoke gases : Oxygen = 20. 5 % CO = 0. 0006 : CO2 = 0.2974 ==============RUN COMPLETED============== APPENDIX C SMOKE CONTROL SYSTEM SEQUENCE OF OPERATION SEC Project No. 1796008-001 C-1 December 9, 1996 L N N M W m w d m a) m a W W n m a W d M M a M '- � m N C W N N C M N N N N M n W 1p rmO d 7 N 3 M m n N W N M M m N n n N N n n m d n n n 0 M ^ � N O T wN Ndlfl W W m IN LfiC WmW m a 0 i aa`M n M M M� mMNO M^aNN d n d M�M•N.mm N N--tm+m.m.Nm�N a-N M�mm Nm�N a N M IO M m.m V N d M OM-M) mn a d d OnN n m N Oim r 7 M n a m N m M�,6 N dMNa pan M n dd M O W m NN p77 a M an n ad M O ww MO , N N N a m a M d n n d M O d w f � O U E N a M r- NWM d N NNN OE M W d M mmm O M NE O md C? MMN Z d� ' O OI 00 N O N 00 O OO m 000 W N O 0 f N N 0 N N N 0 W O 0 m W N dN W N m N 0 N N N U ¢ 'Cl(R O - m N N W d N N N m b Z m m V m N M O m m m n N O M M N Q N I Q C�O 0 mLQ o w w o m m oc u O N N N m m m m n n n W Y NNNN n a N n m N M N N m aaa N N LL N v! M W N O W � N m m m W ^ ^ 0 NO NMN - a Z m W W 0 N W O^ n Ona N-I W .m N N m M N W O 4 N N 7w mW 7077 [, 7 NN777 N a NN aa aaaa a^aaw aaa U) 0 000 0 ) 000000 000 ; 000 cv m W G m m m F « Q N N O N fm o Wm N M n amm N o7mam - nomm nWn W M C6 06 L n W W J O (r L ~ m o O 0 0 O O O 0 0 0 O 0 0 0 0 0 0 000 m Z m � a 0O 0 0 0 000 0 000000 000 000000 p LL W n a d d N lm n N N Lt! 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N N N. N N N N 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1n N w U U U U W n SCH/RMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION 707 LAKE COOK ROAD A DEERFIELD, ILLINOIS 60015-4997 ♦ PHONE (8471 272-8340 A FAX (847) 272-2639 WRITER'S EXTENSION: 258 September 29, 1997 Mr. Bill Lively The Mills Corporation 3000 Grapevine Mills Parkway Grapevine, Texas 76051 Re: Life Safety Systems "Acceptance Testing Report" Grapevine Mills Grapevine, Texas SEC Project No. 1796008-002 Dear Mr. Lively: Enclosed are ten copies of the Life Safety Systems Acceptance Testing Report for your use. This report includes the results of the base building fire alarm and smoke control testing. Please call if you have any questions. Very truly yours, SC H MR ENGIN ERI G CORPORATION X,Tho as H. al mk(r/ssr) Enclosures cc: C. Dodson, RTKL N. Sharr, TMC J. Pursley, ARJO G:1ENG 1 PtOJECTS11796008\FA\Te.t,op.let Fire Protection Engineering A Code Consulting A Loss Control A Security System Design SCH/RMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION 707 LAKE COOK ROAD ♦ DEERFIELD, ILLINOIS 60015-4997 ♦ PHONE (847) 272-8340 ♦ FAX[B47) 272-2639 LIFE SAFETY SYSTEM ACCEPTANCE TESTING REPORT FOR GRAPEVINE MILLS GRAPEVINE, TEXAS SEC PROJECT NO. 1796008-002 Prepared For RTKL ASSOCIATES, INC. 2828 ROUTH STREET DALLAS, TX 75201 September 29, 1996 Fire Protection Engineering . Code Consulting Loss Control . Security System Design SMOKE CONTROL SYSTEM TEST PROCEDURE AND ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA Introduction The initial tests of the base building life safety systems for the referenced facility were completed on September 12, 1997. The following pages of this report document the system tests and their results. General This report describes the procedures and acceptance criteria for testing of the smoke control equipment at Grapevine Mills. These procedures and criteria have been established as a result of experience with previous malls of a similar design and resulting from discussions with the City of Grapevine officials. The smoke control system test procedure and acceptance criteria following can currently be found in Appendix D of the Building Code/Fire Protection Program for Grapevine Mills. Upon completion of all testing for the building, this report will also be included in Appendix D of the Program to serve as documentation of the final test results. The mechanical smoke control system at Grapevine Mills was proposed as an alternative to that required by the UBC. The mechanical smoke control system installed at Grapevine Mills covers virtually all areas of the building, including major stores, and provides a superior level of performance. The purpose of the smoke control system is to provide a reasonable time for occupants to evacuate the building in the event of a fire. As demonstrated by the fire modeling, the unique building geometry of Grapevine Mills provides an inherent level of safety for the accumulation of smoke in spaces open to the roof, allowing ample time for exiting. The fire growth model employed for Grapevine Mills is discussed in detail in the "Smoke Management Systems" section of the Building Code/Fire Protection Program for Grapevine Mills. The model shows that the design basis fire for this facility is expected to produce smoke at a rate of 67,800 cfm. This is much less than the exhaust rate of the smoke exhaust fans which vary by zone between approximately 213,000 cfm and 718,000 cfm. The exhaust rate is equivalent to approximately 7 air changes per hour (Refer to Appendix C of the Building Code/Fire Protection Program for Grapevine Mills). In summary, the proposed mechanical smoke control system in this building, in conjunction with the other building features, will meet the objective stated above. System Operation Smoke control equipment throughout the building consists of exhaust fans, installed in high bay areas and near roof peaks, capable of providing the minimum required exhaust rate. Electric dampers at each exhaust fan are provided to keep exterior elements from infiltrating into the building. These dampers are designed to fail in the closed position in the event of loss of power. SEC Project No. 1796008-002 -1- September 29, 1997 Make-up air for the building exhaust fans is introduced into the building via automatically- opened make-up air intakes located in the exterior walls and roof of the building. The make-up air intakes are also electrically controlled and designed to fail in the closed position. Smoke exhaust fans are located in various "zones" of the building areas so as to provide exhaust capability in the areas of expected fire origin. Because of the size of the mall pedestrian areas, substantial merchandising of the mall with commensurate fire load is not contemplated. However, smoke control at the mall pedestrian areas is accomplished by using the same smoke control equipment as for tenant areas, activated by zone. As stated in the Building Code/Fire Protection Program for Grapevine Mills, supplemental fans are to be provided in tenant areas with ceilings or in specialty tenants, such as restaurants, where operation of the base building smoke control system is considered to be adversely affected. For purposes of smoke control, the building is separated into smoke control zones. As discussed later in this report, activation of the fire alarm system will automatically result in activation of the smoke control system in the activated zone. Ventilation systems serving the pedestrian mall in the affected zone will be automatically shut down upon activation of the smoke control system. Other ventilation systems will remain unaffected. Manual controls for fire department use allow the system serving each zone to be switched on, off, or put into the automatic position from the Fire Command Center located near the mall Security Room. The manual controls are electrically supervised to indicate when a switch is not in the automatic position. Preliminary Testing Preliminary tests were performed by the contractors and the design engineers to confirm the functional ability of the smoke control equipment to meet the established objectives and to identify areas where modifications may be required. The Owner's representative has obtained certified test reports by the contractor for each fan associated with the smoke control system to verify design air flow rates. If desired by local authorities, air flow measurements of selected fan systems will be witnessed by the local authorities. Although the smoke control system will be activated by certain area detection or automatic sprinkler operation under normal conditions, some automatic controls and initiation devices may not have been fully in service at the time of these tests. Equipment start-up via these initiating devices will be conducted under a separate test of the fire alarm system when all equipment is operational. The completed shopping mall will not be open to the outdoors. The completion schedule of this project demands that smoke control system tests be conducted at a time when some exterior walls have yet to be completed. The result is that substantial make-up air may be drawn into the building upon fan operation. . To counteract this effect, plastic SEC Project No. 1796008-002 -2- September 29, 1997 sheets have been erected where practical to mitigate excessive infiltration. All normally closed exterior doors to the building were shut during testing. Test Procedure In order to properly demonstrate system performance, the following procedures as adapted from UBC Section 5603(c) and the attached article, "Evaluating Smoke Control and Smoke Management Systems" (ASHRAE Journal, March, 1996), will be followed: 1 . Representatives of Grapevine Mills will meet with the City of Grapevine authorities to review prior test results and to determine various locations in the building to be tested. 2. Copies of certified test reports of the ventilation equipment will be presented to the City of Grapevine. 3. Prior to testing, Grapevine Mills representatives will verify that doors, dampers, building openings, etc., are closed and all exhaust fans are off and dampers are closed, except in the subject area. 4. The system will be activated by manual means at the Fire Command Center using radio for communication. 5. Tests using the fire alarm system as the activation means will be conducted. A summary of the smoke control system tests will be included in Appendix D of the Building Code/Fire Protection Program for Grapevine Mills upon completion of all testing for the building. Pass/Fail Criteria Pass/fail criteria of the system are primarily dependent upon demonstration that the system components are reliably performing their intended functions and the judgment that all portions of the smoke zones are properly served by the system. Again, the goal is that smoke will not interfere with occupant egress from the building in the early stages of a fire. For purposes of smoke control system testing and acceptance, activation of the system is simulated manually. Depending upon the status of construction, a complete test of the fire alarm system initiating devices is performed in conjunction with these tests or in a different phase of acceptance testing, as applicable. The smoke control system is designed for a single fire in the building; therefore, testing is conducted in only one zone area at a time. In order to verify these goals, both objective and subjective observations are required. Objective observations of the mechanical/electrical equipment are made, as follows: 1 . For each alarm initiating device associated with a smoke zone, verify: a. Proper activation of associated fans and make-up intakes. SEC Project No. 1796008-002 -3- September 29, 1997 b. No spurious activation of venting equipment in other building zones. C. Proper identification of initiating device at fire alarm system annunciator. d. Return to normal condition after initiating device is reset. 2. For each manual control at the fire command center, verify: a. Proper operation of fans and make-up air intakes activated by manual controls. b. No spurious activation of smoke control equipment in other building zones. C. Return to normal condition after manual control is returned to "automatic" position. In addition to the above objective tests, smoke is released in selected areas identified by the local authorities. It is recognized that the purpose of such tests is to verify that smoke resulting from a fire will likely rise to a level to allow safe exiting and will eventually be exhausted by the mechanical system. Patterns in smoke movement will be observed to verify that no stagnant areas exist. As this subjective demonstration is not intended to simulate an actual fire condition, no other pass/fail criteria are appropriate. The results of the tests conducted to date (base building), where smoke was released, are summarized in Table 1, as follows. Table 1. Smoke Control System Acceptance Test Summary 'feat pate Location Summary Number 1 9/12/97 Zone M-3 (In mall adjacent This test is representative of a typical mall zone. The to tenant space 429) smoke was maintained above the 12-foot level for the duration of the test without migration into adjacent tenant spaces. The test results were satisfactory. 2 9/12/97 Zone M-3 (Mall pedestrian This test is representative of a typical high bay mall area court) pedestrian area. Plastic sheeting was installed at the west entrance to simulate actual conditions of the enclosing walls. The smoke was maintained above the 12-foot level for the duration of the test without migration into adjacent tenants aces. The test results were satisfactory. 3 9/12/97 Zone PT-4 (Tenant space This test was representative of a large tenant space with a 429) suspended ceiling having the minimum required 10 percent free open area. The ceiling level of this space is approximately 12 feet above the finished floor. The smoke layer was maintained at the ceiling plane and drawn through the free open area within the ceiling to the volume above. The test results were satisfactory. 4 9/12/97 Zone Pt-8 (Tenant space This test was representative of a small tenant with a 301) suspended ceiling having the minimum.required 10 percent free open area. The ceiling level of this space is approximately 12 feet above the finished floor. The smoke La er was maintained at the ceiling lane and drawn SEC Project No. 1796008-002 -4- September 29, 1997 Teat Date Location summary Number through the free open area within the ceiling to the volume above. The test results were satisfactory. 5 9/12/97 Zone CT-9 (Mall This test was conducted such that the smoke was maintenance mezzanine) released above the mezzanine which is approximately 10 feet above the floor below. While the smoke was satisfactorily maintained at safe levels for the duration of the test, it was recommended that the west wall adjacent to the space be lowered to a maximum of 12 feet above the floor with at least 5 feet of open area between the wall and the roof deck above. The test results were satisfactory. Each of the tests was conducted using five 40,000 cfm, 3-minute, Superior brand smoke bombs. A total of 200,000 cfm of smoke was produced for each test. For each test, the smoke bombs were placed in a 5-gallon metal bucket which was placed upon a platform lift. The height of the lift was approximately 12 feet above the floor for the mall pedestrian area tests and approximately 6-7 feet above the floor for the tenant area and mall maintenance mezzanine tests. The smoke control equipment was activated manually 60 seconds after ignition of the smoke bombs. The observations and results were recorded and are summarized in Table 1 above. SEC Project No. 1796008-002 -5- September 29, 1997 FIRE ALARM SYSTEM TEST PROCEDURE AND ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA All of the waterflow switches and valve position supervisory devices monitoring the automatic sprinkler systems were tested for proper operation. The duct mounted smoke detectors located in the mall rooftop air handling unit return and supply air ducts were tested to verify operation of the detector and local fan shutdown by the duct detectors. The spot type smoke detectors located in the electrical, telephone and sprinkler valve rooms were all tested. Smoke exhaust fan, smoke exhaust fan damper operation and outside air intake damper operation were tested on an individual basis by activation utilizing the fire alarm control panel. This also verified that the smoke exhaust fan and outside air intake descriptions matched the fire alarm programming descriptions. When all the smoke exhaust fans and outside air intakes were operating correctly, all smoke control sequencing was verified. This was accomplished by activating each smoke zone and verifying that designated smoke exhaust fans were activated, outside air intakes opened and mall rooftop air handling units shut down. All mall fire alarm, fire supervisory devices and fire alarm control modules are operating as designed. Tenant duct mounted smoke detectors and tenant fire alarm systems continue to be connected to and monitored by the mall fire alarm system and remain to be tested. G:\ENGTROJECTS1178600MGENERA L\SMKCTL.RFr SEC Project No. 1796008-002 -6- September 29, 1997 SMOKE EXHAUST FANS Report Date: 9/12196 221 IBM x::.iS�'4:A`:; ` :Cii "\ `.3Y Y. ` ,.:i. „i. ".. .:,,• > ,.. .d<.<`.aC:w`I:3SAY'uiis,:aii N SE-11 9/2/97 9/2/97 OK OK N SE-12 8/26/97 8/26/97 OK OK N SE-13 8/26/97 8/26/97 OK OK N SE-14 8/20/97 8/20/97 OK OK N SE-15 8/20/97 8/20/97 OK OK N SE-16 8/20/97 8/20/97 OK OK N SE-17 8/20/97 8/20/97 OK OK N SE-18 8/20/97 8/20/97 OK OK N SE-19 8/20/97 8/20/97 OK OK N SE-20 8/20/97 8/20/97 OK OK N SE-32 8/20/97 8/20/97 OK OK N SE-33 8/20/97 8/20/97 OK OK N SE-34 8/20/97 8/20/97 1 OK OK N SE-35 1 8/20/97 8/20/97 OK OK N SE-36 8/25/97 8/25/97 OK OK N SE-37 8/25/97 8/25/97 OK OK N SE-38 8/26/97 8/26/97 JOK OK N SE-39 8/26/97 8/26/97 IOK OK N SE-40 8/25197 8/25/97 JOK OK N SE-41 8/25/97 8/25/97 IOK OK N SE-42 8/20/97 8/20/97 IOK OK TO BE RELOCATED N SE-51 1 8/22/97 8/22/97 OK OK N SE-53 8/25/97 8/25/97 OK OK N SE-56 FUTURE N SE-58 FUTURE N SE-RC1 NOT INSTALLED N SE-RC2 NOT INSTALLED N SE-RC3 NOT INSTALLED ;z�`m`niir3<IBM ifn S SE-1 8/27/97 8/27/97 OK OK S SE-2 8/29/97 8/29/97 OK OK S SE-3 8/29/97 8/29/97 OK OK S SE-4 8/29/97 8/29/97 OF OK S SE-5 8/29/97 9/3/97 OK OK S SE-6 8/29/97 8/29/97 OK OK S SE-7 8/29/97 8/29/97 OK OK S SE-8 8/29/97 8/29/97 OK OK S SE-9 8/29/97 9/3/97 OK OK S SE-10 8/29/97 8/29/97 OK OK S SE-21 8/29/97 8/29/97 OK OK S SE-22 8/29/97 8/29/97 OK OK S SE-23 8/22/97 9/3/97 OK OK S SE-24 8/22/97 8/22/97 OK OK S SE-25 8/22/97 8/22/97 OK OK S SE-26 8/22/97 8/22/97 OK OK S SE-27 8/22/97 8/28/97 OK OK S SE-28 8/22/97 8/22/97 OK OK S SE-29 8/22/97 9/3/97 OKI OK SEC Project No. 1796008-002 7 September 29, 1997 S SE-30 8/22/97 8/22/97 OK OK S SE-31 8/22/97 8/28/97 OK OK S SE-43 TO BE RELOCATED S SE-44 8/22/97 8/22/97 OK OK S SE-45 8/28/97 9/5/97 OK OK S SE-46 8/28/97 9/3/97 OK OK S SE-47 8/22/97 9/4/97 OK OK S SE-48 8/22/97 8/22/97 OK OK S SE-52 8/22/97 9/3/97 OK OK S SE-49 8/27/97 8/28/97 OK OK S SE-50 8/27/97 9/4/97 OK OK S SE-54 8/28/97 8/28/97 OKI OK S SE-55 8/28/97 8/28/97 1 OKI OK SE-57 TO BE RELOCATED SE-59 TO BE RELOCATED SEC Project No. 1796008-002 8 September 29, 1997 AIR HANDLING UNITS Report Date: 9/12/96 w M'. M ,W'At�t�ftgz m:;' tux ax J 'T.1 ll'nl N 1 M-12 8/25/97 8/25/97 OK OK OK N M-13 8/26/97 9/4/97 OK OK OK N M-14 822/97 822/97 OK OK OK N M-15 8/25/97 8/25/97 OK OK OK N M-16 8/22/97 8/22/97 OK OK OK N M-17 8/25/97 8/25/97 OK OK OK N M-18 8/25/97 8/25/97 OK OK N M-19 8/25/97 8/25/97 OK OK OK N M-20 8/19/97 8/19/97 OK OK OK N M-31 8/19/97 1 8/19/97 OK OK OK N M-32 8/19/97 8/19/97 OK OK OK N M-33 1 8/19/97 8/19/97 1 OK OK OK N M-34 8/19/97 8/19/97 OK OK OK N M-35 8/19/97 8/19/97 OK OK OK N M-37 8/19/97 8/19/97 OK OK OK N M-38 8/19/97 8/19/97 OK OK OK N M-46 8/22/97 8/22/97 OK OK OK N M-48 8/26/97 8/26/97 OK OK OK N M-54 8/25/97 9/3/97 OK OK OK N M-55 8/26/97 9/3/97 OK OK OK N M-57 8/26/97 9/4/97 OK OK OW- N M-64 8/21/97 8/21197 OK OK OK N M-65 8/26/97 9/4/97 OK OK OK N M-66 8/26/97 9/2/97 OK OK OK N M-67 8/19/97 8/19/97 OK OK OK N M-72 8/22/97 8/22/97 OK OK OK N M-78 8/19/97 8/19/97 OK OK OK N M-83 8/19/97 8/19/97 OK OK OK N M-30 9/4/97 9/4/97 OK OK OK N M-74 9/3/97 9/4/97 OK OK OK N M-80 9/2/97 9/5/97 OK OK OK –iT M-85 9/4/97 9/4/97 OK OK OK N M-11 8/26/97 8/26/97 OK OK OK ME MIMI, S M-1 9/3/97 9/4/97 OK OK OK S M-2 9/3/97 9/4/97 OK OK OK S M-3 9/3/97 9/4/97 OK OK OK S M-4 9/3/97 9/5/97 OK OK OK S M-5 9/3/97 9/4/97 OK OK OK S M-6 1 9/3/97 9/4/97 OK OK OK S M-7 9/3/97 9/3/97 OK OK OK S M-8 9/3/97 9/3/97 OK OK OK S M-9 9/3/97 9/3/97 OK OK OK S M-10 9/3/97 9/3/97 OK OK OK S M-21 9/3/97 9/3/97 OK OK OK I ]S 22 8/27/97 8/27/97 OK OK OK JL—s OK M M-23 8/27/97 8/27/97 OK OK I O I M 4 8/27/97 1 8/27/97 01- - 01- OK SEC Project No. 1796008-002 9 September 29, 1997 IMF S M-25 8/27/97 8/27/97 OK OK OK S M-26 9/3/97 9/3/97 OK OK OK S M-27 8/27/97 8/27/97 (TK— OK OK M-28 8/27/97 8/27/97 um OK OK M-29 8/22/97 9/3/97 OK OK OK M-36 9/2/97 9/3/97 OK OK OK K 8 M-39 9/3/97 9/3/97 OK OK OK S M-40 9/2197 9/2/97 OK OK OK S M-41 9/2/97 9/2/97 OK OK OK S M-42 9/2/97 9/2/97 OK OK OK S M-43 9/2197 9/2/97 OK OK OK S M-44 9/3/97 9/3/97 OK OK OK S M-45 8/27/97 9/5/97 OK OK OK 3 S M-47 9/3/97 9/3/97 0)OK OK OK S M-49 9/3/97 9/5/97 OK OK OK S M-50 9/2197 9/2/97 OK OK OK S M-51 9/2/97 9/2/97 OK OK OK S M-52 9/2/97 9/2/97 OK OK OK S M-53 9/2/97 9/2/97 OK OK OK S M-58 9/2/97 1 9/5/97 OK OK OK S M-59 9/3/97 9/5/97 OK OK OK S M-61 8/22/97 9/4/97 OK OK OK S M-62 9/3/97 9/4/97 OK OK OK S M-63 8/22/97 8/22/97 OK OK OK S M-68 9/3/97 9/4/97 OK OK OK S M-69 9/3/97 9/4/97 OK OK OK S M-70 9/3/97 9/4/97 OK OK OK S M-75 8/27/97 9/4/97 OK OK OK S M-76 8/27/97 9/4/97 OK OK OK S M-77 8/27/97 9/4/97 OK OK OK TEST LIGHT SWITCH BURNED OUT S M-79 8/22/97 7 8/22/97 OK OK OK S 9/3/97 9/5/97 OK OK OK SEC Project No. 1796008-002 10 September 29, 1997 OUTSIDE AIR INTAKES Re ort Date: 9/12/96 I'M I �g NX gg- wl I- M.......... Ml U, k N OAI-13 8/26/97 9/3/97 OK N OAI-14 8/20/97 8/20/97 OK N OAI-15 8/22/97 8/22/97 OK N OAf-16 8/25/97 8/25/97 OK N OAI-17 8/22/97 8/22/97 OK N OAI-18 8/26/97 9/3/97 OK N 0Al-1 9 8/25/97 8/25/97 OK N OAI-20 8/25/97 8/25/97 OK N OAI-21 8/22/97 8/22/97 OK N OAI-22 8/26/97 9/3/97 OK N OAI-34 8/26/97 8/26/97 OK N OAI-35 8/21/97 8/21/97 OK I N OAI-36 8/25/97 8/25/97 OK N I OAI-37 1 8/26/97 8/26/97 OK N OAI-38 8/26/97 9/2/97 OK N OAI-39 8/26/97 8/26/97 OK N I OAI-40 8/26/97 9/2/97 OK N OAI-41 8/25/97 9/3/97 OK N OAI-42 8/25/97 9/3/97 OK N OAI-55 8/20/97 9/3/97 OK N OAI-56 8/20/97 8/20/97 OK N OAI-57 8/20/97 8/20/97 OK N OAI-58 8/20/97 8/20/97 OK N OAI-59 8/25/97 8/25/97 OK N OAI-60 8/26/97 9/4/97 OK N OAI-61 8/26/97 9/3/97 OK N OAI-62 8/26/97 9/3/97 OK N OAI-63 8/20/97 8/20/97 OK N OAI-76 9/2/97 9/4/97 OK N OAI-77 8/26/97 9/3/97 OK N OAI-78 8/25/97 9/3/97 OK —iT 0Al-RC1 NOT INSTALLED N 0Al-RC2 NOT INSTALLED N 0Al-RC3 NOT INSTALLED N OAI-12 8/20/97 8/20/97 OK S 0Al-1 8/27/97 8/28/97 OK S 0Al-2 8/27/97 8/28/97 OK S OAI-3 8/27/97 8/27/97 OK S OAI-4 8/28/97 9/3/97 OK S OAI-5 8/27/97 9/4/97 OK S 0Al-6 8/28/97 8/28/97 OK S 0Al-7 8/27/97 9/3/97 OK S OAI-8 8/28/97 8128/97 OK S OAI-9 8/27/97 8/28/97 OK S OAI-10 8/28/97 9/3/97 OK S 0Al-1 1 8/27/97 9/2/97 OK S OM-23 9/3/97 9/5/97 OK F—S—F OAI-24 1 9/3/97 9/3/97 OK SEC Project No. 1796008-002 11 September 29,1997 M-M I NO, WE wa M S. OAI-25 9/3/97 9/5/97 OK S OAI-26 9/3/97 9/5/97 OK S OAI-27 9/2/97 9/5/97 OK S OAI-28 9/2197 9/5/97 OK S OAI-29 9/2/97 9/5/97 OK S OAI-30 9/2197 9/5/97 OK S OAI-31 9/2/97 9/5/97 OK S OAI-32 1 9/2/97 9/5/97 OK S OAI-33 9/2/97 9/5/97 OK S OAI-43 TO BE RELOCATED S OAI-45 9/3/97 9/3/97 OK S OAI-46 9/3/97 9/3/97 OK S OAI-47 9/3/97 9/5/97 OK S OAI-48 8/27/97 8/27/97 OK S OAI-49 8/22/97 8/27/97 OK S OAI-50 8/22/97 8/27/97 OK S OAI-51 8/22/97 8/27/97 OK S OAI-52 8/22/97 8/27/97 OK S OAI-53 8/22/97 9/3/97 OK S OAI-54 8/22/97 9/5/97 OK S OAI-67 9/2/97 9/5/97 OK S OAI-68 9/2/97 9/2/97 OK S OAI-69 9/2/97 9/2/97 OK OAI-70 9/2/97 9/2/97 OK S OAI-71 9/2/97 9/5/97 OK S OAI-72 8/22/97 8/27/97 OK S OAI-73 8/22/97 8/27/97 OK S OAI-74 8/22/97 9/3/97 OK S OAI-75 8/22/97 8/22/97 OK SEC Project No. 1796008-002 12 September 29,1997 FIRE PROTECTION SPRINKLER TESTING Report Date: 9/12/96 ........... Ml��MM? KM-E�ZMM! �g IBM M AM 2r- nZ� N M-3 8/20/97 OK 53 N M-4 8/20/97 OK 60 N M-5 8/20/97 OK 70 N PT-4 8/20/97 OK 40 N PT-5 9/2/97 OK 70 N PT-6 8/20/97 OK 45 N N PT-7 8/20/97 OK 62 N PT-8 8/20/97 OK 45 N PT-9 8/20/97 OK 62 N CT-3 8/20/97 OK 60 N CT-4 8/20/97 OK 55 N CT-5 8/20/97 OK 71 N CT-8 8/20/97 OK 60 N CT-9 8/20/97 OK 55 M. ............ S M-1 9/2/97 OK 70 S M-2 8T2-8/97 OK 25 S M-6 8/28/97 OK 60 S M-7 8/28/97 OK 55 S PT-1 8/28/97 OK 40 S PT-2 8/28/97 OK 66 S PT-3 8/28/97 OK 40 S PT-10 9/2/97 OK 53 S PT-11 8/28/97 OK 43 S PT-12 8/28/97 OK 43 S CT-1 8/28/97 OK 82 S CT-2 8/28/97 OK 35 S CT-6 9/12/97 OK 52 S CT-7 8/28/97 OK 43 Standpipe North 8/28/97 OK 40 RISER ROOM B 8/28/97 OK 40 RISER ROOM C South 8/28/97 OK 40 RISER ROOM A 8/28/97 OK 60 ROOM D SEC Project No. 1796008-002 13 September 29,1997 OENTRY 5 O ENTRY S 1 ZONE PT-4a - o • i (BY TENANT) ENTRY 4 PT___.__ U-4 Y 11 ---- - ---- ------ -------- ---- ------ ------� ZONE CT-7 .�— I N ® j - ZONE CT-2 j ZONE CT-3 i ZONE CT-4 1 - _ 1 �' __ __ ® 1 ®_____ 0t- _T _ '-� ENTRY �/ __ ___ _ ____ ___r_ _ ______ ___________ T_______ .. .. ___ -___ ---___ E 3 ZONE PT-10 i .q� iZONE PT-8 :¢ PT_8 ZONE PT-12 _ _ ZONE ZONE PT-13 � qq gq ■✓ ® PT-9 � y� r1 (BY TENANT) - -- ZONE PT-14 k 14n (BY TENANT) vo.ao; 8 8 ENTRY ZA A 31 ----- (flY]ENAtiII---- �r i L- ---------J 1O SMOKE CONTROL TESTING AND NUMBER SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION 707 LAKE COOK ROAD ♦ OEERFIELO, ILLINOIS 60015-4997 ♦ PHONE (847] 272-8340 ♦ FAX (847] 272-2639 WRITER'S EXTENSION: 222 October 10, 1997 Mr. Nick Sharr The Mills Corporation Grapevine Mills Development Office 3000 Grapevine Milts Parkway Grapevine, TX 76051 Re: Marshall's Grapevine Mills Grapevine, Texas SEC Project No. 1796008-042 Dear Nick: Enclosed is our report of the smoke control system acceptance test for the above tenant space. We attended this test at the request of Craig Jones of The Mills Corporation as an additional service. I am pleased to report that the system was approved by the local authorities. Special thanks should be given to Scott Williams, City of Grapevine Building Department, and Dick Ward, City of Grapevine Fire Department, for attending this acceptance test on a Saturday to facilitate the project schedule. Very truly yours, SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION ax, Carl F. Baldassarra,-P.E. President am(r/thc) Enclosure cc: S. Williams, COGFD (w/enclosure) D. Ward, COGFD (w/enclosure) B. Lively, TMC (w/enclosure) C. Jones, TMC (w/enclosure) C. Dodson, RTKL, (w/enclosure) J. Pursley, ARJO (w/enclosure) S. Barnett, HCB (w/enclosure) W. Bonisch, SEC (w/enclosure) G:kENGkM0JECT M 179 B G=SPORT M SMOK ETS 2.dx Fire Protection Engineering . Code Consulting . Loss Control . Security System Design SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION 707 LAKE COOK ROAD ♦ DEERFIELD, ILLINOIS 60015-4997 ♦ PHONE (847) 272-8340 ♦ FAX (8471272-2639 SMOKE CONTROL SYSTEM ACCEPTANCE TEST MARSHALL'S GRAPEVINE MILLS GRAPEVINE, TEXAS SEC Project No. 1796008-042 Engineer: Carl F. Baldassarra, P.E. Date: October 10, 1997 Attendees: Scott Williams, City of Grapevine Dick Ward, City of Grapevine Craig Jones, The Mills Corporation Jack Pursley, ARJO Engineers Steve Barnett, HCB Charles Persely, Construction Superintendent Carl Baldassarra, Schirmer Engineering Corporation Other Contractor Personnel Purpose The purpose of the test was to verify performance of the smoke control system by visual observation of tracer smoke released in the space. This tenant space has a smoke control system as part of the base building and utilizes 10 percent open design in its drop ceiling in the sales area. The proper operation of the fire alarm system and the mechanical equipment was to be verified independently of this test. Pre-Testing - No pretesting of this space was conducted. Test Procedure Certified test and balance reports for the mechanical equipment were to be furnished to the city in advance of this acceptance test. Tracer smoke was utilized to verify system performance by demonstrating air.movement in the tenant space with the test smoke layer Fire Protection Engineering A Code Consulting A Loss Control • Security System Design ve the occupied level for a time sufficient to allow egress from the rated by five 3-minute (40,000 cubic feet each} smoke bombs gnition approximately 6 feet above the floor to produce a buoyant natic operation expected during an actual fire, tenant HVAC units nately 30 seconds after smoke bomb ignition and the smoke the adjacent mall zones) was also activated approximately 30 b ignition. : the location shown in attached Figure 1 . The smoke bombs nto position at 1 :57:20. The HVAC fans were switched off at rol system was also activated at 1 :57:50. Smoke was observed -eiling level. The space was relatively clear at the floor level at erved to be moving above the suspended ceiling toward the mall test was considered acceptable by the local authorities. is acceptable to the city officials. MOKET52.rep - October 10, 1997 42 -2- October 10, 1997 APPENDIX A SEC Project No. 1 79 6008-042 A-1 October 10, 1997 A -7 ZONE PT- 16 & 16a -----------(ELY---TAU AN lI ............. `;il � O ZONE PT- 15 ------------------- PT— ZONE PT- 6 s '�- ----------- --------------------- M -4 Mlu I ' ♦ f MARSHALLS 1O LOCATION OF FINAL TEST FIGURE 1 SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION 707 LAKE COOK ROAD ♦ DEERFIELD, ILLINOIS 60015-4997 ♦ PHONE (847] 272-8340 ♦ FAX (847) 272-2639 WRITER'S EXTENSION: 222 October 10, 1997 Mr. Nick Sharr The Mills Corporation Grapevine Mills Development Office 3000 Grapevine Mills Parkway Grapevine, TX 76051 Re: The Sports Authority Grapevine Mills Grapevine, Texas SEC Project No. 1796008-039 Dear Nick: Enclosed is our report of the smoke control system acceptance test for the above tenant space. We attended this test at the request of Craig Jones of The Mills Corporation as an additional service. I am pleased to report that the system was approved by the local authorities. Special thanks should be given to Scott Williams, City of Grapevine Building Department, and Dick Ward, City of Grapevine Fire Department, for attending this acceptance test on a Saturday to facilitate the project schedule. Very truly yours, SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION Carl F. Baldassarra, P.E. _ President kd(r/thc) Enclosure - cc: S. Williams, COGFD (w/enclosure) D. Ward, COGFD (w/enclosure) B. Lively, TMC (w/enclosure) C. Jones, TMC (w/enclosure) C. Dodson, RTKL ,(w/enclosure) J. Pursley, ARJO (w/enclosure) S. Barnett, HCB (w/enclosure) W. Bonisch, SEC (w/enclosure) \1Sohiwme,Wol l NDOCS\ENGNPRO.IECTSN 17960CMS PORTS\SmokeT.t.let Fire Protection Engineering ♦ Code Consulting . Loss Control ♦ Security System Design SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORAT ION 707 LAKE COOK ROAD ♦ DEERFIELD, ILLINOIS 60015-4997 ♦ PHONE (8471 272-8340 ♦ FAX (847) 272-2639 SMOKE CONTROL SYSTEM ACCEPTANCE TEST THE SPORTS AUTHORITY GRAPEVINE MILLS GRAPEVINE, TEXAS SEC Project No. 1796008-039 Engineer: Carl F. Baldassarra, P.E. Date: October 10, 1997 Attendees: Scott Williams, City of Grapevine Dick Ward, City of Grapevine Craig Jones, The Mills Corporation Jack Pursley, ARJO Engineers Steve Barnett, HCB Ken Dellacroce, Construction Superintendent Carl Baldassarra, Schirmer Engineering Corporation Other Contractor Personnel Purpose The purpose of the test was to verify performance of the smoke control system by visual observation of tracer smoke released in the space. This tenant space has a smoke control system independent of the base building. The proper operation of the fire alarm system and the mechanical equipment was to be verified independently of this test. Pre-Testing Pre-tests of the system performance were conducted on the morning of October 4 at locations suggested by the local authorities in anticipation of the acceptance test. Two tests conducted near the mall revealed large velocities entering the tenant space through the pedestrian opening to the mall. While not quantified due to a lack of test equipment, it was apparent that this large a velocity was causing turbulence with the test smoke layer near the roof, driving the smoke to the floor and to the rear of the store. The eventual cooling of the smoke, accelerated by the large volume of mall air, produced conditions in the store that were considered undesirable. Fire Protection Engineering • Code Consulting A Loss Control • Security System Design Two corrective measures were employed to minimize the above condition: 1 . Upon activation of this tenant's smoke control system, adjacent mall systems M-1 and M-7 were activated to minimize air flow into the affected tenant space. 2. To reduce_air flow velocities through the mall pedestrian opening near floor level which caused turbulence with the smoke layer and to improve air flow from the two corners of the retail area of the store adjacent to the mall, openings were cut through the wall between the mall and the tenant space near the roof level. These openings are to be finished with air transfer grilles at a later date for aesthetic purposes. Following the above corrective measures, an additional pre-test demonstrated improved system performance. Test Procedure Certified test and balance reports for the mechanical equipment were to be furnished to _ the city in advance of this acceptance test. Tracer smoke was utilized to verify system performance by demonstrating air movement in the tenant space with the test smoke layer generally maintained above the occupied level for a time sufficient to allow egress from the affected space. Tracer smoke was generated by five 3-minute (40,000 cubic feet each) smoke bombs positioned on a lift after ignition approximately 12 feet above the floor to produce a buoyant smoke layer in the space. In order to simulate automatic operation expected during an actual fire, tenant HVAC units were turned off approximately 30 seconds after smoke bomb ignition and the smoke control system (including the adjacent mall zones) was activated approximately 60 seconds after smoke bomb ignition. SEC Project No. 1796008-039 -2- October 10, 1997 Test 1 was conducted at the location shown in attached Figure 1. The smoke bombs were ignited and moved into position at 1 :19:00. The HVAC fans were switched off at 1 :19:45. The smoke control system was activated at 1:20:05. Smoke was observed to be generally up from the occupied level and moving toward the exhaust fans. The space was relatively clear at the floor level at 1:24:00. This test was considered acceptable by the local authorities. Test 2 was conducted at the location shown in Figure 1 . The smoke bombs were ignited at 2:23:45. The HVAC system was turned off at 2:24:20 and the smoke exhaust fans were also activated at 2:24:45. Smoke was observed to be generally above floor level and moving toward smoke exhaust fans, reaching the fans at 2:27:00. This test was considered acceptable by the local authorities. Conclusion The smoke control system is acceptable to the city officials. Programming changes to the fire alarm system which initiate mall smoke zones M-1 and M-7 must be permanently made and documented by the engineers and reflected in the next revision to the Schirmer Engineering Corporation Building Code/Fire Protection Program report for Grapevine Mills. \\Schhmet\wl I=CS\ENO\PR0JECTS\17960OMS PORTS\SmokeTet.mp SEC Project No. 1796008-039 -3- October 10, 1997 APPENDIX A SEC Project No. 1796008-039 A-1 October 10, 1997 A 10 0AI-1 Li AI-3 ZONE CT- 1 a.____------ .......... ------ - --°..._.._._... SE 23 SE-24 M- 7 ENTRY ------------ OA1I46 ZONE PT- 12 QAI;47 r ZONE PT- 12 I I ZONE PT- 13 1 0 g ❑ n O (BY TENANT) I I - I C I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ----- THE SPORTS AUTHORITY O LOCATION OF FINAL TEST O LOCATION OF PRE - TEST FIGURE 1 I SCH/RmER ENGINEERING CORPORATION 707 LAKE COOK ROAD ♦ DEERFIELD, ILLINOIS 80015-4997 ♦ PHONE (847) 272-8340 ♦ FAX (847) 272-2639 WRITER'S EXTENSION: 250 October 20, 1997 Mr. Nick Sharr The Mills Corporation Grapevine Mills Development Office 3000 Grapevine Mills Parkway Grapevine, TX 76051 Re: Bed, Bath and Beyond Grapevine Mills Grapevine, Texas SEC Project No. 1796008-038 Dear Nick: Enclosed is our report of the smoke control system acceptance test for the above tenant space. We attended this test at the request of Bill Lively of The Mills Corporation as an additional service. I am pleased to report that the system was approved by the local authorities. Very truly yours, SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION A14� W. AIen Johnson waj:kd(r/thc) Enclosure cc: S. Williams, COGBD (w/enclosure) D. Ward, COGFD (w/enclosure) B. Lively, TMC (w/enclosure) C. Jones, TMC (w/enclosure) C. Dodson, RTKL, (w/enclosure) J. Pursley, ARJO (w/enclosure) S. Barnett, HCB (w/enclosure) W. Bonisch, SEC (w/enclosure) G:\ENC,IE OJECT91179 000WBEDBATMSM0KETST.TPA F,re PrccecC:cn Erglneerrg A Ccde Consulting A Loss CcrG-ci . Secur y System Ceslgn SCH/RMER ENG/NEER/NG CORPORAT/ON 707 LAKE COOK ROAD ♦ DEERFIELD, ILLINOIS 60015-4997 ♦ PHONE (847) 272-8340 ♦ FAX (847] 2722639 SMOKE CONTROL SYSTEM ACCEPTANCE TEST BED, BATH AND BEYOND GRAPEVINE MILLS GRAPEVINE, TEXAS SEC Project No. 1796008-038 Engineer: W. Allen Johnson Date: October 20, 1997 Attendees: Scott Williams, City of Grapevine Craig Jones, The Mills Corporation Don Parrish, The Mills Corporation Al Johnson, Schirmer Engineering Corporation Other Contractor and Store Personnel Purpose The purpose of the test was to verify performance of the smoke control system by visual observation of tracer smoke released in the space. This tenant space has an independent smoke control system and has no ceiling in the sales area (satisfies the minimum 10 percent open ceiling design requirement). The proper operation of the fire alarm system and the mechanical equipment was to be verified independently of this test. Pre-Testing No pretesting of this space was conducted on this date. Pretests were conducted on earlier visits. Test Procedure Certified test and balance reports for the mechanical equipment were to be furnished to the city in advance of this acceptance test. Tracer smoke was utilized-to verify system performance by demonstrating air movement in the tenant space with the test smoke layer generally maintained above the occupied level for a time sufficient to allow egress from the affected space. Fire Prot _ Protection Engineering . Code Consulting . Loss Control • Security System Design Tracer smoke was generated by five 3-minute (40,000 cubic feet each) smoke bombs positioned on a lift after ignition approximately 12 feet above the floor to produce a buoyant smoke layer in the space. In order to simulate automatic operation expected during an actual fire, tenant HVAC units were turned off approximately at the time of smoke bomb ignition and the smoke control system for only Zone PT-8A (the zone serving the store) was activated approximately 45 seconds after smoke bomb ignition, using a manual pull station to initiate smoke control. On October 2, 1997, the test was conducted near the entrance from the mall at the southwest corner of the store. The smoke bombs were ignited in position at approximately 3:40 p.m. The HVAC fans were switched off at the same time. The smoke control system was activated 45 seconds after smoke bomb ignition. Smoke in the store and in the mall main street was observed to be generally up at the roofdeck level. A light haze of smoke was observed in the southeast portion of the store at three minutes after smoke bomb ignition. The store was essentially clear of smoke at 5.5 minutes after smoke bomb ignition. The test was considered by the local authorities to be satisfactory. Conclusion The smoke control system is acceptable to the city officials. Scott Williams requested documentation showing that only Zone PT-8A smoke control will be activated upon a fire in that zone. G:TN MPR0JECTS1179600MBEDBATMISMOKETSTAEP SEC Project No. 1796008-042 -2- October 20, 1997 SCHMMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION 707 LAKE COOK ROAD A DEERFIELO, ILLINOIS 60015-4997 A PHONE (847) 272-8340 A FAX (847) 272-2639 WRITER'S EXTENSION: 250 - October 21, 1997 Mr. Nick Sharr The Mills Corporation Grapevine Mills Development Office 3000 Grapevine Mills Parkway Grapevine, TX 76051 Re: Off Fifth (Saks Fifth Avenue) Grapevine Mills Grapevine, Texas SEC Project No. 1796008-041 Dear Nick: Enclosed is our report of the smoke control system test of October 2, 1997, for the above tenant space. We attended this test at the request of Bill Lively of The Mills Corporation as an additional service. Unfortunately, under the conditions of this test, the system was not effective in actual smoke removal. It should be noted that the small, relatively closed area of the store where the smoke originated (simulating a fire originating in that area) had direct exiting to the outside, and the smoke layer remained above the occupied level long enough to allow safe egress of store employees who might be near the smoke origin. The system was not approved by the local authorities on this date. Very truly yours, SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION W. A en Johnson waj:kd(r/ssr:thc) Enclosure cc: S. Williams, COGBD (w/enclosure) C. Dodson, RTKL, (w/enclosure) D. Ward, COGFD (w/enclosure) J. Pursley, ARJO (w/enclosure) B. Lively, TMC (w/enclosure) S. Barnett, HCB (w/enclosure) C. Jones, TMC (w/enclosure) W. Bonisch, SEC (w/enclosure) G:IENG1 IROJECM 1788008MAKSISMOKETST.TPA Fire Protection Engineering A Cade Consulting A Loss Control A Security System Design SCH/RMER ENG/NEER/NG CORPORAT ION 707 LAKE COOK ROAD ♦ DEERFIELD, ILLINOIS 60015-4997 ♦ PHONE(847) 272.8340 ♦ FAX(847) 272-2639 SMOKE CONTROL SYSTEM TEST OFF FIFTH (SAKS 5TH AVENUE) GRAPEVINE MILLS GRAPEVINE, TEXAS SEC Project No. 1796008-041 Engineer: W. Allen Johnson Date: October 21, 1997 Attendees: Scott Williams, City of Grapevine Craig Jones, The Mills Corporation Don Parrish, The Mills Corporation Al Johnson, Schirmer Engineering Corporation Other Contractor and Store Personnel Purpose The purpose of the test was to verify performance of the smoke control system by visual observation of tracer smoke released in the space. This tenant space has a smoke control system as part of the base building and has no ceiling in the sales area (satisfies the minimum 10 percent open ceiling design requirement). The proper operation of the fire alarm system and the mechanical equipment was to be verified independently of this test. Pre-Testing During earlier pretesting of this space, it was found that roof top units (RTUs) did not shut down upon detection of smoke by the associated duct smoke detectors. This caused mixing of smoke at the ceiling into the lower levels in the space. As a result of the Pretest, seven relays were added at the fire alarm control panel, one for shutdown of each RTU. All relays are energized upon transmission of a supervisory signal to the mall main fire alarm system to cause simultaneous shutdown of all RTUs (duct smoke detectors are the only sources of supervisory signals from the space). Fire Protection Engineering • Code Consulting • Loss Control • Security System Design Test Procedure - Certified test and balance reports for the mechanical equipment were to be furnished to the city in advance of this test. Tracer smoke was utilized to verify system performance by demonstrating air movement in the tenant space with the test smoke layer generally maintained above the occupied level long enough to allow egress from the affected space. Tracer smoke was generated by five 3-minute (40,000 cubic feet each) smoke bombs positioned on a lift approximately 12 feet above the floor to produce a buoyant smoke layer in the space. In order to simulate automatic operation expected during an actual fire, tenant HVAC units were turned off approximately at the time of smoke bomb ignition and the smoke control system for only Zone PT-11 (the zone serving the store) was activated approximately 57 seconds after smoke bomb ignition, using a manual pull station to initiate smoke control. On October 2, 1997, the test was conducted in the receiving dock area at the northeast corner of the store. The smoke bombs were ignited at approximately 4:10 p.m. The HVAC fans were switched off at the same time. The smoke control system was activated 57 seconds after smoke bomb ignition. Smoke in the store and in the mall Mainstreet was observed to be generally up at the roof level. The space was essentially clear of smoke - within the occupiable store volume for 2.5 to 3 minutes after smoke bomb ignition, although actual smoke removal was ineffective. From 3 minutes after smoke bomb ignition the dock area and northeast corner soon became untenable. Considerable smoke remained in the dock area and northeast corner of the store 9.5 minutes after smoke bomb ignition. The test results were considered by the local authorities to be unacceptable. It was decided to explore methods of improving smoke removal and to perform additional tests. Conclusion The dock is essentially a small stagnant air pocket with no outside air intakes and no smoke exhaust fans directly affecting air movement in the space. The smoke control system is ineffective in removal of smoke from the dock area, although the dock has direct exiting to the outside and building volume above the space is adequate to cause the smoke layer to remain above the occupied level long enough to allow safe egress for any store employees in the dock. G:0 4GU PRQIECTS1179000MAKSISMOKETST.PEP SEC Project No.- 1796008-041 -2- October 21 , 1997 SCH/RMER ENGINEER/NG CORpORAT/ON I 707 LAKE COOK ROAD ♦ DEERFIELD, ILLINOIS 60015-4997 ♦ PHONE (847] 272-8340 ♦ FAX (8471 272-2639 WRITER'S EXTENSION: 258 November 13, 1997 Mr. Nick Sharr The Mills Corporation Grapevine Mills Development Office 3000 Grapevine Mills Parkway Grapevine, TX 76051 Re: Smoke Control Testing Saga Gameworks Grapevine Mills Grapevine, Texas SEC Project No. 1796008-045 Dear Nick: Enclosed is our report of the smoke control system for the referenced space. We attended these tests at the request of Craig Jones of The Mills Corporation as an additional service. This report documents only the tests conducted in m presence.were conducted in other areas within the space prior to my arrival at the jobs te. Tests I was pleased to learn that after the system was modified and retested it was acceptable to the local authorities. Please call if you have any questions. Very truly yours, SC RMER TNG CORPORATION I - Th mas H. Carrie kd:am(r/ssr) - Enclosure cc: S. Williams, COGBD (w/enclosure) C. Dodson, RTKL (w/enclosure) D. Ward, COGFD (w/enclosure)- S. Barnett, HCB (w/enclosure) B. Lively, TMC (w/enclosure) W. Sonisch, SEC (w/enclosure) C. Jones, TMC (w/enclosure) %\Schir r%v II�DOCS%ENGkPROJECTS1179600MSEGAGAME1Sm ke Tlt let cr-° �CasC:cn EC�L^.eer:^3 ♦ �CL'a �.,^sL'!(r L 9 css Cer-.-cl A Secur'tY System Design SCH/RMER ENG/NEER/NG CORPORAT/ON 707 LAKE COOK ROAD ♦ DEERFIELD, ILLINOIS 60015-4997 ♦ PHONE (847) 272.8340 ♦ FAX[847) 272-2639 SMOKE CONTROL SYSTEM ACCEPTANCE TEST SEGA GAMEWORKS GRAPEVINE MILLS GRAPEVINE, TEXAS SEC Project No. 1796008-045 Engineer: Thomas Carrie Date: October 23-24, 1997 Attendees: Scott Williams, City of Grapevine Dick Ward, City of Grapevine Don Parish, The Mills Corporation John Richardson, SEGA Gameworks Tim Sepielli, SEGA Gameworks Victoria Pakshong, The Cunningham Group Pierre R. Montagne, Paul Bennett Partnership Gerald J. Kettler, Air Engineering & Testing Gene Crist, Whiting Turner Phil Kohliter, Whiting Turner Gene Christ, Fyrmire Tom Edwards, Fyrmire Troy Blayney, Simplex Tom Carrie, Schirmer Engineering Purpose The purpose of these tests was to verify performance of the smoke control system by visual observation of tracer smoke released in the space. This space has a smoke control system independent of the mall base building system and consists of two levels with several large openings between the first and second floors. There is no suspended ceiling in the public areas where the smoke control system testing was conducted. Preliminary smoke tests and several final smoke control tests witnessed by Grapevine City Officials were performed prior to these tests. Reportedly, the tests conducted in several areas in the space pricr_to this test had been accepted by the City after several modifications to the system were completed. The only area that remained to be accepted was on the first floor near the mall entrance. Fire Protection Engineering . Code Consulting A Coss Control . Security System Design All make-up air fans that provide make-up air to the first floor had been turned off for this and several previous tests. The make-up air being supplied to the first floor area was causing excessive turbulence and driving the smoke toward the floor throughout the space. With these make-up air fans off, the gravity fed make-up air caused considerably less turbulence and the results of the smoke control tests improved considerably. The results of the tests that were performed on the first floor near the mall entrance were considered not acceptable. Tracer smoke was generated by five 3-minute (40,000 cubic feet each) smoke bombs positioned approximately 4 feet above the floor to produce a buoyant smoke layer in the space. In order to simulate automatic operation expected during an actual fire, the tenant fire alarm system was manually activated approximately 30 seconds after smoke bomb ignition. Activation of the fire alarm system automatically starts the smoke control system. Pre-Test No. 1 On October 23, 1997, a system test (pre-test No. 1) was performed in an attempt to simulate the test that had been judged as unacceptable. The smoke exhaust system was initially intended to be started approximately 30 seconds after ignition of the smoke bombs. Due to a communication problem, the smoke exhaust was started approximately 2 minutes and 30 seconds after smoke bomb ignition. After the smoke exhaust fans operated, the smoke spread throughout the corner of the first floor and was pushed toward the floor by the make-up air from MU-3. Smoke moved to the second floor through the center opening. - Pre-Test No. 2 This test was conducted under the same conditions as pre-test No. 1 , with the exception of smoke exhaust system activation time. The smoke exhaust fans were started approximately 30 seconds after the ignition of the smoke bombs. SEC Project No. 1796008-045 -2- November 13, 1997 The smoke was basically contained in the stairwell areas, although the turbulence caused by air entering the first floor from MU-3 caused the smoke to fill the corner from the floor to the ceiling. A minimal amount of smoke migrated to the second floor through the center floor opening. The smoke was eventually exhausted from the stairwell via smoke exhaust fan SEF-6. At the conclusion of the pre-test, a meeting was conducted to discuss possible improvements regarding the performance of the smoke test in this corner of the space. The following recommendations were suggested to improve the system performance. 1. Remove the duct that extended approximately 24 inches to 30 inches below the roof deck at the smoke exhaust fan to allow exhaust air to move the smoke layer as close to the roof deck as possible. . 2. Seal the ductwork of MU-3 to eliminate air entering the first floor space that drove the smoke toward the floor. 3. Increase the motor size of SEF-in to-provide additional exhaust capacity at the top of,.,, the stairwell. Pre-Test No. 3 Make-up air unit MU-3 ductwork was sealed and the one (1) horsepower motor of SEF-6 was replaced with a three (3) horsepower motor. The smoke exhaust system was started 30 seconds after ignition of smoke bombs. Smoke moved across the ceiling, being drawn toward smoke exhaust fan SEF-6 located at the top of the stairwell. Smoke remained fairly close to the ceiling and was contained in the stairwell area. Smoke movement was noticeably improved with the larger fan motor on SEF-6. Minimal smoke migrated through the center opening of the second floor. The results of this test were significantly improved and I felt the results would be acceptable to the city officials.- The test t6 be witnessed by the city would be conducted at 7 a.m. as scheduled. i SEC Project No. 1796008-045 -3- November 13, 1997 City Test No. 1 The results of this test were very similar to Pre-Test No. 3. Smoke movement was good and smoke was contained to the stairwell area. The results of the test were acceptable to city officials. (See attached floor plan for test location.) Because the smoke exhaust system had been modified, the city officials wanted to conduct an additional test on the first floor. City Test No. 2 The air turbulence-created by make-up air caused the smoke to mix with the air throughout the first floor space. After the test, it was stated that make-up air No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, and No. 5 had been turned back on prior to the test. This was done to compensate for the increased negative pressure caused by increasing the smoke exhaust fan motor. (See attached floor plan for test location.) City Test No. 3 A second test was conducted in the same area as City Test No. 2 with the first floor make-up fans off and the roof make-up air dampers open. The smoke exhaust system was started 30 seconds after ignition of smoke bombs. Smoke moved across the ceiling toward the wall; at the wall, smoke dropped toward the floor. When smoke exhaust fans started, smoke was drawn toward the center of the space away from the wall. As the smoke moved toward the exhaust fan, it was below the make-up air duct. As the smoke moved below the duct, the make-up air mixed the smoke throughout the area. After two minutes, the area where the test was conducted was filled with smoke, but the smoke was contained to a relatively small area in the first floor of the space. All paths to the exits were clear. However, the results of the test were not acceptable to the city officials. An informal meeting was held and possible solutions were discussed. SEC Project No. 1796008-045 -4 November 13. 1997 Converting some of the make-up air that is ducted to the first floor to smoke exhausts was discussed. it was determined that this would be the most efficient method to remove smoke from the first floor area. Additional make-up air would be required to compensate for make-up air ducted systems that were being converted to smoke exhaust ducts. Modifications to the system were completed over the weekend and a test was scheduled for 2 p.m, on October 27 to be witnessed by city officials. The ductwork that was originally installed for make-up air fan No. 2 was now being utilized for exhausting smoke from the first floor. Temporary make-up air was provided by removal of several window panels and by raising one of the rolling steel shutter doors in the loading dock area. It is"our understanding that the test results were acceptable to the city officials. The following items now should be completed: 1 . Permanent make-up air intakes must be provided which supply approximately the same amount of make-up air as the temporary openings for the test. 2. The ductwork that extends down below the roof from the second floor smoke exhaust fans approximately 24 inches to 30 inches should be removed. 3. Make-up air unit MU-7 has been enclosed by a feature located below the roof deck. This make-up air unit should be relocated, or an additional unit should be installed where it will properly serve the tenant system. 4. Test and balance reports, fan certification, and stamped smoke control mechanical drawings reflecting the as-built conditions should be submitted to Scott Williams, City of Grapevine Building Official. G:%ENGI PROJECTS\179B0MSEGAGAMeSW KTEST.FIEP 1 i SEC Project No. 1796008-045 -5- November 13, 1997 • l\L; r- i I ,r RETAli— _— ` — 1J-I�_.___ - (cud 6//'} •I T•',^- , A.5 I I X _ _I y _ I, ,. ``\._ i ^ - — T"---i-- 1 - 173 A.8 '� I I I ♦ '/' I ` �---. 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I I `_ _____________________-/ APPENDIX D SMOKE CONTROL SYSTEM TEST PROCEDURE AND ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA SEC Project No. 1796008-001 D-1 December 9, 1996 APPENDIX D SMOKE CONTROL SYSTEM TEST PROCEDURE AND ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA Introduction This Appendix describes the procedures and acceptance criteria for testing of the smoke control equipment at Grapevine Mills. These procedures and criteria have been established as a result of experience with previous malls of a similar design. The mechanical smoke control system at Grapevine Mills was proposed as an alternative to that required by the UBC. The mechanical smoke control system installed at Grapevine Mills covers virtually all areas of the building, including major/anchor stores, and provides a superior level of performance. The purpose of the smoke control system is to provide a reasonable time for occupants to evacuate the building in the event of a fire. As demonstrated by the fire modeling, the unique building geometry of Grapevine Mills provides an inherent level of safety for the accumulation of smoke in spaces open to the roof, allowing ample time for exiting. The fire growth model employed for Grapevine Mills is discussed in detail in the "Smoke Management Systems" section of this report. The model shows that the design basis fire for this facility is expected to produce smoke at a rate of 67,800 cfm. This is much less than the exhaust rate of the smoke exhaust fans which vary by zone between approximately 213,000 cfm and 718,000 cfm. The exhaust rate is equivalent to between 8.1 and r2 it changes per hour (Appendix C). In summary, the proposed mechanical smoke control system in this building, in conjunction with the other building features, will meet the objective as stated above. System Operation Smoke control equipment throughout the building consist of exhaust fans installed in high bay areas and near roof peaks capable of providing the minimum required exhaust rate. Pneumatic dampers at each exhaust fan are provided to keep exterior elements from infiltrating into the building. These dampers are designed to fail in the open position in the event of loss of air pressure. In order to prevent damage to the exhaust fan louvers, a time delay (approximately 30 seconds) is built into the system to allow damper opening prior to fans starting. Make-up air for the building exhaust fans is introduced into the building via automatically- opened make-up air intakes located in the exterior walls and roof of the building. The make-up air intakes are also pneumatically controlled and designed to fail in the open position. Smoke exhaust fans are located in various "zones" of the building areas so as to provide exhaust capability in the area of expected fire origin; because of the size of the mall pedestrian areas, substantial merchandising of the mall with commensurate fire load is not contemplated. However, smoke control at the mall pedestrian areas is accomplished by utilizing the same smoke control equipment utilized for tenant areas, activated by zone. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 D-2 \ December 9, 1996 APPENDIX D SMOKE CONTROL SYSTEM TEST PROCEDURE AND ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA Introduction This Appendix describes the procedures and acceptance criteria for testing of the smoke control equipment at Grapevine Mills. These procedures and criteria have been established as a result of experience with previous malls of a similar design. The mechanical smoke control system at Grapevine Mills was proposed as an alternative to that required by the UBC. The mechanical smoke control system installed at Grapevine Mills covers virtually all areas of the building, including major/anchor stores, and provides a superior level of performance. The purpose of the smoke control system is to provide a reasonable time for occupants to evacuate the building in the event of a fire. As demonstrated by the fire modeling, the unique building geometry of Grapevine Mills provides an inherent level of safety for the accumulation of smoke in spaces open to the roof, allowing ample time for exiting. The fire growth model employed for Grapevine Mills is discussed in detail in the "Smoke Management Systems" section of this report. The model shows that the design basis fire for this facility is expected to produce smoke at a rate of 67,800 cfm. This is much less than the exhaust rate of the smoke exhaust fans which vary by zone between approximately 213,000 cfm and 718,000 cfm. The exhaust rate is equivalent to approximately 7 air changes per hour (Appendix C). In summary, the proposed mechanical smoke control system in this building, in conjunction with the other building features, will meet the objective as stated above. System Operation Smoke control equipment throughout the building consists of exhaust fans installed in high bay areas and near roof peaks capable of providing the minimum required exhaust rate. Electric dampers at each exhaust fan are provided to keep exterior elements from infiltrating into the building. These dampers are designed to fail in the closed position in the event of loss of power. In order to prevent damage to the exhaust fan louvers, a time delay (approximately 30 seconds) is built into the system to allow damper opening prior to fans starting. Make-up air for the building exhaust fans is introduced into the building via automatically- opened make-up air intakes located in the exterior walls and roof of the building. The make-up air intakes are also electrically controlled and designed to fail in the closed position. Smoke exhaust fans are located in various "zones" of the building areas so as to provide exhaust capability in the areas of expected fire origin. Because of the size of the mall pedestrian areas, substantial merchandising of the mall with commensurate fire load is not contemplated. However, smoke control at the mall pedestrian areas is accomplished by utilizing the same smoke control equipment utilized for tenant areas, activated by zone. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 D-2 December 9, 1996 Revised January 15, 1997 As stated in this report, supplemental fans are to be provided in tenant areas with ceilings or in specialty tenants, such as restaurants, where operation of the base building smoke control system is considered adversely affected. For purposes of smoke control, the building is separated into smoke control zones. As stated earlier in this report, activation of the fire alarm system will automatically result in activation of the smoke control system in the activated zone. Ventilation systems serving the pedestrian mall in the affected zone will be automatically shut down upon activation of the smoke control system. Other ventilation systems will remain unaffected. Upon activation of the smoke exhaust fans in a zone, fans are also activated in affected service corridors which pressurize the corridors with respect to the adjacent spaces. Manual controls for fire department use allow the system serving each zone to be switched on, off, or put into the automatic position from the Fire Command Center located in the mall Security Room. The manual controls are electrically supervised to indicate when a switch is not in the automatic position. Preliminary Testing Preliminary tests will be performed by the contractors and the design engineers to confirm the functional ability of the smoke control equipment to meet the established objectives and to identify areas where modifications may be required. The Owner's representative will obtain certified test reports by the contractor for each fan associated with the smoke control system to verify design air flow rates. If desired by local authorities, air flow measurements of selected fan systems can be witnessed by the local authorities. Although the smoke control system will be activated by certain area detection or automatic sprinkler operation under normal conditions, automatic controls and initiation devices may not be fully in service at the time of these preliminary tests. Equipment start- up via these initiating devices will be conducted under a separate test of the fire alarm system when all equipment is operational. The completed shopping mall will not be open to the outdoors. The completion schedule of this project may demand that smoke control system tests be conducted at a time when some exterior walls have yet to be completed, substantial make-up air may be drawn into the building upon fan operation. To counteract this effect, plastic sheets will be erected where practical to mitigate excess infiltration. All normally closed exterior doors will be shut in the building during testing. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 D-3 December 9, 1996 As stated in this report, supplemental fans are to be provided in tenant areas with ceilings or in specialty tenants, such as restaurants, where operation of the base building smoke control system is considered to be adversely affected. For purposes of smoke control, the building is separated into smoke control zones. As stated earlier in this report, activation of the fire alarm system will automatically result in activation of the smoke control system in the activated zone. Ventilation systems serving the pedestrian mall in the affected zone will be automatically shut down upon activation of the smoke control system. Other ventilation systems will remain unaffected. Manual controls for fire department use allow the system serving each zone to be switched on, off, or put into the automatic position from the Fire Command Center located in the mall Security Room. The manual controls are electrically supervised to indicate when a switch is not in the automatic position. Preliminary Testing Preliminary tests will be performed by the contractors and the design engineers to confirm the functional ability of the smoke control equipment to meet the established objectives and to identify areas where modifications may be required. The Owner's representative will obtain certified test reports by the contractor for each fan associated with the smoke control system to verify design air flow rates. If desired by local authorities, air flow measurements of selected fan systems can be witnessed by the local authorities. Although the smoke control system will be activated by certain area detection or automatic sprinkler operation under normal conditions, automatic controls and initiation devices may not be fully in service at the time of these preliminary tests. Equipment start- up via these initiating devices will be conducted under a separate test of the fire alarm system when all equipment is operational. The completed shopping mall will not be open to the outdoors. The completion schedule of this project may demand that smoke control system tests be conducted at a time when some exterior walls have yet to be completed, substantial make-up air may be drawn into the building upon fan operation. To counteract this effect, plastic sheets will be erected where practical to mitigate excess infiltration. All normally closed exterior doors will be shut in the building during testing. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 D-3 December 9, 1996 Revised January 15, 1997 Test Procedure In order to properly demonstrate system performance, the following procedures as adapted from UBC Section 5603(c) and the attached article, "Evaluating Smoke Control and Smoke Management Systems" (ASHRAE Journal, March, 1996), will be followed: 1. Representatives of Grapevine Mills will meet with the City of Grapevine authorities to review prior test results and to determine various locations in the building to be tested. 2. Copies of certified test reports of the ventilation equipment will be presented to the City of Grapevine. 3. Prior to testing, Grapevine Mills representatives will verify that door, dampers, building openings, etc., are closed in the building and all exhaust fans are off and dampers are closed, except in the subject area. 4. The system will be activated by manual means at the Fire Command Center via radio. 5. Tests utilizing the fire alarm system as the activation means will be conducted. A summary of the smoke control system tests will be included in this Appendix upon completion. Pass/Fail Criteria Pass/fail criteria of the system will be primarily dependent upon demonstration that the system components are reliably performing their intended functions and the judgment that all portions of the smoke zones are properly served by the system. Again, the goal is that smoke will not interfere with occupant egress from the building in the early stages of a fire. For purposes of smoke control system testing and acceptance, activation of the system will be simulated manually. Depending upon the status of construction, a complete test of the fire alarm system initiating devices will be performed in conjunction with these tests or in a later phase of acceptance testing. The smoke control system is designed for a single fire in the building; therefore, testing will be conducted in only one zone area at a time. In order to verify these goals, both objective and subjective observations are required. Objective observations can be made of the mechanical/electrical equipment, as follows: 1 . For each alarm initiating device in a smoke zone, verify: a. Proper activation of associated fans and make-up intakes. b. No spurious activation of venting equipment in other building zones. c. Proper identification of initiating device at fire alarm system annunciator. d. Return to normal condition after initiating device is reset. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 D-4 December 9, 1996 i Test Procedure In order to properly demonstrate system performance, the following procedures as adapted from UBC Section 5603(c) and the attached article, "Evaluating Smoke Control and Smoke Management Systems" (ASHRAE Journal, March, 1996), will be followed: 1. Representatives of Grapevine Mills will meet with the City of Grapevine authorities to review prior test results and to determine various locations in the building to be tested. 2. Copies of certified test reports of the ventilation equipment will be presented to the City of Grapevine. 3. Prior to testing, Grapevine Mills representatives will verify that door, dampers, building openings, etc., are closed in the building and all exhaust fans are off and dampers are closed, except in the subject area. 4. The system will be activated by manual means at the Fire Command Center via radio. 5. Tests utilizing the fire alarm system as the activation means will be conducted. A summary of the smoke control system tests will be included in this Appendix upon completion. Pass/Fail Criteria Pass/fail criteria of the system will be primarily dependent upon demonstration that the system components are reliably performing their intended functions and the judgment that all portions of the smoke zones are properly served by the system. Again, the goal is that smoke will not interfere with occupant egress from the building in the early stages of a fire. For purposes of smoke control system testing and acceptance, activation of the system will be simulated manually. Depending upon the status of construction, a complete test of the fire alarm system initiating devices will be performed in conjunction with these tests or in a later phase of acceptance testing. The smoke control system is designed for a single fire in the building; therefore, testing will be conducted in only one zone area at a time. In order to verify these goals, both objective and subjective observations are required. Objective observations can be made of the mechanical/electrical equipment, as follows: 1. For each alarm initiating device associated with a smoke zone, verify: a. Proper activation of associated fans and make-up intakes. b. No spurious activation of venting equipment in other building zones. c. Proper identification of initiating device at fire alarm system annunciator. d. Return to normal condition after initiating device is reset. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 D-4 December 9, 1996 Revised January 15, 1997 2. For each manual control at the fire command center, verify: a. Proper operation of fans and make-up air intakes activated by manual controls. b. No spurious activation of smoke control equipment in other building zones. c. Return to normal condition after manual control is returned to "automatic" and "off" positions. In addition to the above objective tests, smoke can be released in selected areas identified by the local authorities. It is recognized that the purpose of such tests are to verify that smoke resulting from a fire will likely rise to a level to allow safe exiting and will eventually be exhausted by the mechanical system. Patterns in smoke movement will be observed to verify that no stagnant areas exist. As this subjective demonstration is not intended to simulate an actual fire condition, no other pass/fail criteria are appropriate. «x. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 D-5 December 9, 1996 2. For each manual control at the fire command center, verify: a. Proper operation of fans and make-up air intakes activated by manual controls. b. No spurious activation of smoke control equipment in other building zones. c. Return to normal condition after manual control is returned to "automatic" and "off' positions. In addition to the above objective tests, smoke can be released in selected areas identified by the local authorities. It is recognized that the purpose of such tests is to verify that smoke resulting from a fire will likely rise to a level to allow safe exiting and will eventually be exhausted by the mechanical system. Patterns in smoke movement will be observed to verify that no stagnant areas exist. As this subjective demonstration is not intended to simulate an actual fire condition, no other pass/fail criteria are appropriate. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 D-5 December 9, 1996 Revised January 15, 1997 960300 ASHRAE ■ ' The magazine of r Society of Heating, Reffigerating and Ai -Conditioning Evaluating ' , ' 1 and Smoke Management Systems The goals of a lurk volrrure system remain the same for the compartmented/riglr rise: facilitate safe egress,faci/hate fire-fighting operations, and reduce damage to contents. But those goals•are reaelted by separating smoke and occupants wit/:itr the same large volrtnre, not by keeping eac/t irr a different enclosed vohrrae... It isy in fact, a smoke control principle which had been in wide use even when tl:e Ettropeart settlers first errcourrtered American /radians in tepees. T ByDavidM. , FellowASHPAE Y i Evaluating Smoke Control and Smoke Management Systems i By DavidM. Elovitz, P.E. Fe!/ow ASHRAE A ated 11 ode mand smoke systems share a primary compartment of origin,however,and too often—especially when goal—to facilitate safe egress. there were no roof mounted smoke and heat vents—this"natural" Smoke systems may provide some other incidental venting was inadequate and had to be supplemented by the fire ser- benefits,as well,but the possibility of those benefits vice.Some building codes even allowed the use of tempered glass should only be considered after the primary I windows in exterior walls'as smoke venting, goal of safe egress has been assured. smoke expecting they could be manually broken Facilitate fire fighting operations, and I 1 kvsterns share a prihiary out by the Fire Service on the fire floor dur- reduce damage to contents. ing fire-control or post-fire operations. Over the years, he design approaches to achieving those goals—and the cor- Smoke Control Systems incidental responding building code requirements and Until some 25 or 30 years ago, such. methods used to evaluate how well those "natural"smoke venting was the noun,and goals are being met—have evolved in re- should only be considered after I few designers gave much thought to fire and sponse to changes in building design. A v goal oj'safi?egress smoke control as a consideration in the brief look at the concepts that evolved over design of building HVAC systems.Then,in time provides a useful background.A more the late 1960s and early 1970s, a series of complete review of the history of smoke system design is available fires in high rise buildings led the building code authors to adopt a in John Mote's excellent article Fire and Smoke Control: A series of special fire safety provisions for such high rise buildings. Historical Perspective in the July 1994 ASHRAE Journal,and a In some cases, smoke control systems were mandated in un- through explanation of the technology is available in Design of sprinklered high rise buildings in an attempt to limit the rapid Smoke Management Systems(Klote and Milke). dissemination of smoke due to stack effect. This activity led Smoke System History ASHRAE to form,in 1969,what is now Technical Committee TC5.6 Control of Fire and Smoke, (originally TC5.6 Fire Safety in For many years the most common"smoke system"for venting Buildings)which in turn led to the first chapter on Fire and Smoke building fires may have been the natural tendency for glass in win- Control(Chapter 41)in the 1973 Systems Volume,and eventually to dows to shatter when exposed to a large temperature difference the first (1983) ASHRAE manual, Design of Smoke Control between its two sides,resulting in"automatic"smoke venting-When Systems for Buildings,the first publication to present a complete a fire within a space grew large enough and hot enough,the windows approach to the concepts and design techniques for the design of broke out and smoke and flame could escape freely to outdoors. such systems.The earlier code efforts primarily addressed providing. Large plan buildings with substantial areas distant from windows a mechanical replacement for"natural"smoke venting,and testing were required to have roof mounted smoke and heat vents which and evaluation techniques adopted by Authorities Having Jurisdic- would be opened automatically by fusible links in the event of fire. tion(and spelled out in some codes)reflected that orientation. While that approach might be expected to work for small,low rise Code developers soon recognized and incorporated the more buildings and for large area single story buildings,the venting did advanced concepts ultimately catalogued in the 1983 Design of not occur until the fire was well-established and large enough to Smoke ControlSystemsforBuddingg which would become known create high temperatures in the compartment where the fire originated.The venting might or might not occur before flash-over (the full involvement of the entire compartment)and it might or About the author might not occur in time to inhibit the spread of hot gases,and poten- I David M.Elovitz is an engineering consultant with Energy Economics tial ignition, to adjacent compartments. Such venting certainly i Inc Natick,Mass.He received a BSME from Worcester Polytechnic facilitated fire fighting operations if the fire spread was limited.To Institute Elovttz is a member of ASHRAE TC9.1—large Building Air the extent that smoke and hot gases were inhibited from migrat- Conditioning Systems, and a corresponding member of ASHRAE ing out of the compartment of origin,egress from adjacent com- TC5.6—Control of Fire and Smoke, the National Fire Protection partments was facilitated, and smoke damage was limited to the Association and the Society of Fire Protection Engineers. compartment of origin. There was not much benefit within the i f a ><� 'F'AY'L fr ..- �S H µ . A simple smoke test fig(left photo)creates a buoyant plume of smoke from chemical smoke bomb. This test at Sawgrass Mills(right photo)clearly shows how smoke stays well above occupants of"Main Street'and moves toward exhaust fan. in code language as"engineered smoke control systems!'Unfor- compartment, but on something akin to its ability to reduce an tunately,testing and acceptance methods in most jurisdictions con- initial smoke density within the compartment sufficiently to make tined unchanged until quite recently,and in some jurisdictions an exit sign visible-within a specified time, often ten or fifteen acceptance testing is still based on the concept of venting the fire. minutes.Needless to say,any unfortunate soul who had been in the The new technology,and the concurrent code provisions other than smoke filled compartment that long without breathing apparatus testing and acceptance,however,were largely built around com- would no longer be in any condition to read an exit sign by the time partmentation and either(A)exclusion of smoke and heat from it once again became visible selected compartments which comprised the route of egress, The Authority Having Jurisdiction(AHJ)faces a series of primarily stairwells,or(B)confinement of smoke within the com- difficult choices in establishing procedures for acceptance of smoke partment of origin in an attempt to maintain tenable conditions control systems.What he wants—and needs—to know is,"Will the in the adjacent compartments.The basic construct was to keep the system accomplish its primary goal of facilitating safe egress in the area of fire origin at a lower pressure than all the adjacent spaces event of a real fire. If the system does not facilitate fire fighting so that air would flow in towards the zone of fire origin,rather than operations and reduce damage to contents,the incidental goals, smoke flowing out of the zone of fire origin. This was done by does it at least it have a negative effect on those aspects?" exhausting the fire compartment while supplying air to the sur- First,what is a"real"fire?A wastebasket fire?Plastic foam rounding compartments. In most cases the "compartment" to in upholstered furniture?How big a fire?Is fire growth limited by which the smoke was to be confined was an entire floor,sometimes automatic sprinklers? A free burning fuel package, or fully even groups of floors. While there was some venting action involved compartment(flashover)? Every one of those is a real inherent in exhausting the fire floor,the important performance possibility under some set of conditions.What was the worst case was not removing smoke so much as keeping the pressure so low "design fire"situation on which the designer based his design?Is in the fire compartment that smoke would not migrate to other that basis of design defined in the documents?If it has not been floors.Compartmentation—enclosing a space with barriers—was established in the documents,is it unreasonable for the AHJ to inherent in the concept: Without a barrier, there could be no select his own"worst case"scenario?If the smoke system designer pressure difference. did clearly define the basis of design in the documents, was it Smoke Control System Acceptance Tests reviewed with the AHJ prior to system design,and does the AHJ find it to be a reasonable basis for design?All too often(until very Even though the engineered smoke control system was not recently,)there was no"design fire"basis,and the designer's cri- intended to maintain or restore tenable conditions within the zone teria merely parroted the language in the code. of fire origin, it was often tested—and either accepted or Second, presuming that he can define that "real" fire,how rejected not on whether it facilitated safe egress, the primary does the AHJ determine what will happen during that"real"fire? goal, or even whether it would contain smoke within the fire It is obviously not practical to test with such a fire in a substantially completed building. No matter how effective the smoke and sprinkler systems,there is always the risk of a fire growing out of control,not to mention the inevitable smoke and water damage. So the AHJ must settle for some sort of simulation,and in selec- tion of that simulation lies the nub of the acceptance testing problem. a Fr.TAU 10-D. In the early stages of smoke system development,when the INSULATED DUCT smoke system was a mechanical analog for broken windows or roof vents, the testing issue should have been much simpler. (Interestingly, no acceptance tests were historically required for roof mounted smoke and heat vents to demonstrate that they removed sufficient smoke.NFPA 204M—Guide for Smoke and Heat Venting does not even mention acceptance testing, only periodic maintenance testing to ensure that vents open when lat- ches are released manually,especially after painting.)If the pur- pose of the system was to purge smoke and heat from the space the same way a broken window or open roof vent would release it,then the system could be evaluated by observing smoke movement from inside the space to outdoors.A popular test was to fill the space being tested with sufficient smoke to obscure the exit signs from IS DEG.CONE a stated distance,usually just a few feet,then to operate the system to see if it had diluted the smoke sufficiently for the exit signs to become legible from some specified distance(such as 20 ft/6 m) within a selected period of time in the order of ten or fifteen rAIR GAP minutes.Note that this test did not evaluate life safety perform- ance!The legibility of an exit sign after ten or fifteen minutes in a SMOKE BOMBS INSULATED room filled with smoke that dense clearly has no relationship to CONTAINER safe exiting.What the test did measure was what we now call ven- tilation effectiveness:As smoky air was exhausted,how thoroughly did the uncontaminated replacement air mix with the smoky air left in the room, diluting it? As pointed out in A4-3.6.2(a)of NFPA 92A—Recommended Practicefor Sm oke Contro l Systems, even with perfect mixing, after ten minutes operation at six air changes per hour(a popular code specified air-exchange rate for Diagram o/simple smoke test ng that was created to simulate some of the smoke systems,)37%of the original smoke would still remain in buoyancy Gt[ire smoke the space Despite that,some officials insisted that a ten minute air change means the space should contain only clear outdoor air after for testing, and the first (1988) edition of NFPA 92A— ten minutes. Recommended PracticeforSmoke Control Systems expanded on Smoke from a real fee behaves quite differently from the those cautions, casting further doubt on the validity of testing artificial smoke used in these tests:There are very large buoyant smoke control systems with chemical smoke ASHRAE's revised forces driving real smoke from a blazing fire which is at 1200 to manual,published jointly with SFPE in 1992,Design Of Smoke 1800°F(649 to 982'C).Even the cooled smoke from a sprinkler- Management Systems(Klote And Milke), and the 1995 second controlled fire will have significant buoyancy at several hundred edition of The SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering degrees. Smoke systems evolved from simple mechanical (published jointly with NFPA) specifically recommended that replacements for broken windows and roof mounted vents into chemical smoke not be used for testing or evaluating smoke con- more sophisticated smoke control systems intended to exclude trol systems.ASHRAE Guideline 5-1994—Commissioning Smoke smoke from everywhere except the compartment of origin or,in the Management Systems did not address any specific acceptance case of stairwell pressurization systems, to exclude smoke from testing methods but calls for"specific test procedures and accep- paths of egress.Unfortunately,testing techniques in most jurisdic- tance criteria properly linked to specific testing methods that tions went unchanged.The space was still being filled with cold appropriately relate to the system's design intent"to be developed chemical smoke from smoke bombs or cool mist from special as part of the design phase of the smoke management system.Over 'smoke agent fluid in one of several makes of smoke generating that period,the literature more and more strongly recommended machines marketed for smoke testing, and AHTs continued to that testing of smoke control systems consist of verifying that peer through the result trying to read exit signs ten or twenty components operated appropriately in response to signals from the minutes later.The systems were not only being tested with a fluid fire alarm system and that fans actually delivered the design that didn't mimic real fire conditions,they were not being tested airflow,measuring the pressure differentials actually maintained for how well they did what they were designed to do:To exclude by the system,verifying that door openings forces are within limits, smoke by maintaining pressure differences,not to purge or dilute and verifying the direction of airflow at openings. The use of smoke within the compartment of origin. chemical smoke was relegated to testing for leakage or re-ingestion This anomaly did not go un-noticed: ASHRAE's original of exhausted smoke into building air intakes. Gradually, many manual,Design of Smoke Control Systemsfor Buildings(Klote and Fothergill 1983)urged caution in the use of chemical smoke_ Evaluating Smoke Control and Smoke Management Systems within the same compartment,maintaining tenable conditions and adequate visibility for the occupants to leave the building safely and to facilitate fire fighting operations within the building after Authorities Having Jurisdiction started to accept similar proce- the threat to occupant life safety had been eliminated by evacuating dures,and that acceptance testing approach began to be reflected the occupants. in the model codes(BOCA National Building Cade 1993,and 1994 The goals of the large volume system remain the same as for Uniform Building Cade.) the compartmented high rise:facilitate safe egress, facilitate fire fighting operations, and reduce damage to contents. But those Smoke Management in Large Volume Spaces goals are reached by separating smoke and occupants within the Smoke management systems for large volume spaces,such as same large volume, not by keeping each in a different enclosed malls,atria,and stadiums need to perform a very different func- volume. Viewed in the context of the compartmented high rise lion from the smoke control systems which have become a familiar engineered smoke control scenario, such an approach seems to' feature of high rise buildings. The fly in the face of conventional wis- technical literature clearly makes such dom.But it is,in fact,a smoke control a distinction,The National Fire Pro- principle which had long been in wide tection Association has two distinct use even when the European settlers publications: NFPA 92A—Recom- fast encountered American Indians in mended Practicefor Smoke Contro! jacilitate tepees.While you may never have sat Systems and NFPA 92B—Guide for in one in person, I suspect you can Smoke Management in Malls,Atria, recall the inside of one of these tall and LargeAreas.The second edition conical structures from the Western of the ASHRAE/SFPE Manual— But those goals are reached by movies and videos of your youth:A Design of Smoke Management separalingsmoke and occupants group sits around a blazing fire set in Systems, adds a separate chapter, within the same large volume, the middle of the tepee,the smoke ris- Chapter 10, Smoke Management in not by each ing to the tap of the cone and exiting Atria and other Large Spaces,as does through an opening at the apex. (At the new(1995)second edition of The an "authentic chuck wagon dinner SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection a smoke during a visit to Yellowstone National Engineering(Chapter 4/13). been in wide use even when the Park, this author sat in one such The engineered smoke control European settlers first encountered structure,and had the opportunity to concept of confining the smoke and American Indians in observe firsthand how effectively fire within the compartment contain- smoke and occupants could be ing the fire had gained wide accep- separated within the same space by tance and recognition(if not widespread understanding)among natural forces,as long as the top opening was large enough.) both designers and building officials by the late 1980s, and the The basic design concept for a large volume space smoke body of knowledge about smoke and heat movement under fire management system is to harness natural buoyancy to create a conditions was expanding rapidly. As early as 1979, fire safety smoke layer above the occupied level.Exhaust fans are provided research published in England (Smoke Control in Fire Safety to skim smoke off the top of the layer fast enough to keep the bot- Design, Butcher and Parnell published by E.&E. N.Spon Ltd, tom of the layer from descending into the occupied level as more London 1979)had pointed out that,under the right conditions, smoke is added, but nothing other than the natural force of smoke could be collected at the top of large volume spaces such as buoyancy confines the smoke within that layer. Smoke-free malls and atria,and vented to the atmosphere at a sufficient rate makeup air is brought into the space below the bottom of the to maintain the smoke layer safely above the occupied level for an smoke layer so it will not disturb the smoke layer,and makeup air indefinite period of time By the late 1980s that principle was being velocity is kept low enough to minimize induction effects.Makeup applied in actual building designs both in England and in the U.S., is often drawn in by gravity from outdoors which automatically and NFPA 92B—Guidefor Smoke Management System inMail% keeps the large volume space at a negative pressure, inhibiting Atria,and LargeAreas was issued in 1991.As mentioned above,the smoke flow to communicating spaces.If makeup air is supplied 1992 edition of the ASHRAE/SFPEManual and the 1995 second through fans,the makeup air quantity must be enough lower than edition of The SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering the exhaust rate to keep the space at a significantly lower pressure include separate chapters on the topic than the surrounding spaces. The implicit goal of the traditional engineered smoke control Given the opportunity,smoke will expand to fill the entire system was to protect all the spaces other than the zone of fire compartment which contains it.Buoyancy forces are all that con- origin from heavy smoke and to keep all those other spaces tenable tains the smoke within the smoke layer.Very hot smoke rises from for egress and for use as a base for fire fighting operations.The the fire,but is cooled as it rises due to mixing with room temper- gnto excloal was,in short,to physically separate fire/smoke and people ature air entrained in the growing smoke plume as it rises into the into' compartments. That goal essentially conceded, smoke layer. While the forces of buoyancy try to keep the warm however,that the compartment where the fire originated would be smoke/air mixture aloft and intact,it does not take a large force to filled with smoke and untenable.Malls and atria and similar large create mixing which will disperse smoke down throughout the volume spaces consist of single spaces so large—and such an entire volume of the space. The velocity of the surrounding air lintegral part of the instinctive route of egress—that conceding being drawn into the plume has been estimated to be in the order them to untenable conditions is neither practical nor sensible.The of 200 fpm(1.02 m/s)(Design of Smoke Management Systems, system performance goal for large volume spaces like malls and Klote and Milke). velocities significantly higher than that may atria became, then, to separate smoke and heat from occupants draw down smoke from the smoke layer by induction, and mix that smoke down into the occupied portion + of the space. A jet of air at a makeup air inlet, even as slow as 200 fpm(1.02 m/s), + can draw smoke out of the smoke layer ! + + above and mix it throughout the volume.If _ ' Smoke { _ the cooling system remains in operation + Zone + during smoke system operation, the 500 + fpm(2.54 m/s)plus jets of air from supply air diffusers almost certainly will. Another common cause of smoke (a) layer disturbance is the"plugging"effect often associated with a roof mounted smoke exhaust fan. Plugging is the term used to describe the situation when the exhaust inlet velocity and location is such as to cause clear air from below the smoke layer to be drawn up through the smoke + layer and into the exhaust.That not only + disturbs the smoke layer,but the velocity of + the rising column of clean air can induce smoke from the bottom of the layer down + + into the occupied level. + + + Large Volume Space Acceptance Tests W fe the literature has recognized the _ Smoke _ distinct nature of the two different types _ Zone _ of systems and the different design philos- + ,+ ophy appropriate for each,few jurisdictions have yet made a corresponding distinction + + in acceptance procedures for smoke man- agement systems for large volume spaces, + performing acceptance tests with the same + methods for all smoke systems. Inappro- + priate acceptance test procedures estab- I �C` LI1 fished by the Authority Having Jurisdic- / tion must inevitably pressure the designer toward designing a system to pass those I tests rather than to designing a system that maximizes life safety and effective per- formance in a real fire situation.However, a system designed to pass a poor test is + + - + likely to fail when real people must escape + + + a real fire.The designer's responsibility is + + _ } Smoke not only to the Owner anxious for a cer- + + + Zone tificate of occupancy,but also to the future + + + occupants.In discussing testing methods in 5-3.6.2, NFPA 92B—Guide for Smoke + + + Management Systems in Malls,Atria,and (e) Large Areas is emphatic: "...the dynamics of the fire plume, buoyancy forces, and stratification are all major elements in the design of the smoke management system. ..Smoke bomb tests do NOT provide the heat,buoyancy,and entrainment of a real fire and are NOT useful to evaluate the real performance of the system.A system de- Note: signed in accordance with this document In the above figures, the smoke zone is indicated by a minus sign, and and capable of providing the intended pressurized spaces are indicated by a plus sign. Each floor can be a smoke management might not pass smoke smoke control zone as in (a) and (b), or a smoke zone can consist of bomb tests.Conversely it is possible for a more than one floor as in (c) and (d). All the nonsmoke zones in a system that is incapable of providing the building may be pressurized as in (a) and (c) or only nonsmoke zones intended smoke management to pass adjacent to the smoke zone may be pressurized as in (b) and (d). A smoke bomb tests:' smoke zone can also be limited to a part of a floor as in (e). If the concept of containing smoke and occupants in.separate allowing.space for combustion air to be drawn in,and reduced to 1 parts of the same volume drives the design of smoke management a 10 in(254 mm)diameter stack 8 ft(2.4 m)tall. systems for large volume spaces,that should be the focus for testing Fire Modeling studies by Schirmer Engineering using ASET-B and accepting such systems.The evaluator must always remember (National Institute of Science and Technology—Center for Fire 1 that the prime purpose of the system is not to remove smoke,but Research)had indicated that the maximum rate of smoke genera- to contain it so it does not enter the occupied level once it has risen tion with a"worst case"fire at Sawgrass Mills would be 60,000 cfm from the fire Obviously no system can keep the immediate vicinity (28,314 L/s).The tests were conducted using five 3 minute smoke of a fire free of smoke and tenable for continued occupancy.But bombs, each rated to produce 40,000 ft3 (1133 m3) of smoke, at points which can be reached in a few seconds of travel from the 200,000 ft3 (5664 m3) of smoke in three minutes equating to fire,the system should maintain tenable conditions and adequate 66,667 cfm(31,460 L/s).Smoke volume is a rather elastic concept visibility for safe egress.The goal of acceptance testing should be since the mixture of products of combustion and air which we label to judge whether the system is likely to accomplish that task under "smoke" will tend to expand to fill the entire volume available. real fire conditions. NFPA 92B recommends test procedures for When the smoke bomb manufacturer rates the bomb to produce ( large volume spaces much like those for smoke systems for com- a stated volume of smoke,he is really referencing the volume which ( partmented spaces—Verifying that components operate appro- will be filled to a certain target opacity by the mixture of air and priately in response to signals from the fire alarm system and that products of combustion from that size smoke bomb. An exact fans actually deliver the design airflow,measuring the pressure dif- match of test smoke generation rate with what a real fire might pro- ferentials actually maintained by the system,verifying that door duce was not the important aspect of the acceptance tests:It was openings forces are within limits,and verifying the direction of air- having a sufficient smoke plume that the observers could visualize flow at openings—on the basis that testing should be"directed to how smoke might travel, those aspects of smoke management systems that can be verified:' In the tests,the insulated bucket and stack concentrated the Not all AHJ's are comfortable with confining the testing to heat from the bombs,resulting in measured smoke temperatures what can be readily measured without some assurance that what in the stack of 140 to 190'F(60 to 88'C),apparently depending on can be readily measured will fulfill the real goals of the system: how dry the particular batch of smoke bombs were. The 10 in Separating smoke and people within the same space. Some (254 mm)diameter stack added the momentum of discharge veloc- jurisdictions have continued to cling to the old test methods used ity to the buoyancy so that smoke rose fairly vigorously despite its for smoke purge systems, filling the large volume space with relatively low temperature compared to"real"smoke.Tempera- chemical smoke and peering into the resulting swirl for signs of tures below about 150°F(66'C)were judged to have inadequate smoke movement or watching for the dilution effect. Other buoyancy and upward momentum for a really valid test,however, jurisdictions have recognized that such a test,while familiar and as the smoke plume's upward thrust petered out about 16 to 18 ft easy to administer,does not evaluate what a large volume smoke (4.8 to 5 m) above the floor. Above about 150°F (66°C), even system is supposed to do. Nevertheless, they question whether though the buoyancy effect is much less than with smoke from a simply verifying airflow quantities tells them anything about how real fire,there was enough to see the smoke rise and spread out near well the system will keep smoke and occupants apart. the roof.You can also see where the smoke layer gets disturbed,if They may be right. As discussed above, many factors can it does, and it is easy to follow the spread of the resulting large _ break down an established smoke layer even when the intended air cloud of smoke,to see if it moves gradually toward the exhausts, volume is being exhausted.Perhaps such problems can be predicted to see if it remains above the occupied level,and if it does not,to with careful examination and analysis of the design documents,but see why.Acceptance is based only on whether smoke—except near the testing approach described below has repeatedly identified the test rig itself—stays above the occupied level, because that system inadequacies which were not apparent from analysis of the is what counts for evacuating the building. That testing was in documents before testing.Once identified by testing,it was usually addition, of course,to the usual testing to demonstrate that the obvious why they occurred: localized geometric irregularities every element of the fire alarm system functioned, and that all disturb the airflow and create local zones of turbulence which mechanical components actuated and provided the design capacity result in unexpected smoke movement or mixing; smoke in response to signals from the fire alarms system. discharged from the smoke exhaust fans re-appears through Once the overall building systems had been accepted,when makeup air inlets many feet away due to entrainment in the wake- a question about whether subsequent alterations or tenant finish affected zone of turbulent air around the building;smoke is trap- work had affected the performance of the system,Fire Inspector ped and backfills at"dead spots"with no source of makeup air. Buck and City of Sunrise Chief Mechanical Inspector Mike Beck Working with Carl Baldassarra of Schirmer Engineering and suggested the use of small smoke cartridges to survey the affected Fire Inspector(now Fire Marshal)Tony Buck of Sunrise Fire and areas.The small smoke cartridges generate a well defined 45 or 90 Rescue,Sunrise,Fla.,in the late 1980s,we developed an approach second dense plume of smoke that is invaluable for showing air- which visually evaluates how well the large volume smoke systems flow patterns: where smoke is moving and where it is stagnant, at Sawgrass Mills kept smoke and people separated.This approach, where flow is turbulent and where it is smooth and undisturbed. which has also been used successfully on other projects in other The cartridge can be mounted on a length of steel tubing to create jurisdictions since,does use chemical smoke to demonstrate that a"magic wand"that releases smoke above the occupied zone but separation,but not by the old method of filling the volume with below where the smoke layer would form.The small smoke plume cold chemical smoke. A simple smoke test rig was created to is warm and has noticeable buoyancy so it rises similar to the way simulate some of the buoyancy of fire smoke.An insulated con- real smoke does,although much less vigorously.Walking through tainer holds a bundle of several smoke bombs,and is topped with the remodeled space holding the"magic wand"aloft allows the I a conical transition to a length of insulated round duct. For the inspector to evaluate any changes in the airflow patterns of the testing at Sawgrass, a standard janitor's mop bucket on wheels, smoke system in minutes, with minimized risk of damage to i insulated and fitted with a handle for convenient movement,served finishes or merchandise from the test smoke. as the container. The conical transition overlapped the bucket Evaluating Smoke Control and Smoke Management Systems Design of Smoke Management Systems, John Klote and James Milk, ASHRAE and Society of Fire Protection Engineers, 1992. The SFPE Handbook of Fire Protection Engineering,Second Edition, l Conclusion 1995,Society of Fire Protection Engineers and National Fire Protection j The past 30 years have seen steadily increasing recognition Association. that management of smoke is a key component to providing life Commissioning Smoke Management Systems—Guideline 5-1994, safety in the event of a fire.As modern building designs evolved, ASHRAE. dealing with smoke became increasingly complicated,and became BOCA National Building Code 1993, Building Officials& Code a larger and larger factor in the design of HVAC systems for Administrators,International,Inc. buildings.As the technology for smoke system design developed, 1994 Uniform Building Code, International Conference of Building building code requirements and methods for evaluating the com- Officials. pleted systems in the field had to evolve as well. That they did, Guidefor Smoke Management in Malls,Atria,and Large Areas—NFPA albeit not always as rapidly as the design technology, and not 92$National Fire Protection Association. always uniformly throughout all jurisdictions. Practical test Smoke Control in Fire Safety Design,E.G.Butcher&A.C.Parnell,E. methods are available today for realistically evaluating smoke con- &F.N.Sport Ltd,London 1979. trol and smoke management systems based on what those systems ASET-B Computer Program, National Institute of Science and are intended to do.Assuming that the designer and the Authority Technology—CenterforFire Research. Having Jurisdiction have agreed on the goals of the system,they Fire Protection/Building Code Program forSawgrassMills,SunriseFlor- can select acceptance evaluation methods which clearly show how Un Schirmer Engineering Corporation. well those exact goals are actually achieved by the completed Understanding Smoke Management and Control, Kenneth Elovitz and . David Elovitz,April,1993 ASHRAE Journal. installation. Development of Smoke Management Systems, William Webb, August References 1995. How to Evaluate Alternative Designs Based on Fire Modeling, Richard Fire and Smoke Contr&*A Historical Perspective John Klote,July 1994 Bukowski,March/April. 1995 NFPA Fire Journal ASHRAEJournal Smoke Management, Chapter 48, 1995 ASHRAE Handbook-HVAC Fire and Smoke Control(Chapter 4Q,1973 Systems Volume,ASHRAE. Applications. Design of Smoke Control Systems for Buildings,John Mote and John Fothergill,ASHRAE,1983. Guide for Smoke and Heat Venting—NFPA 204M,National Fire Protec- tion Association. Recommended Practice for Smoke Control Systems—NFPA92A, National Fire Protection Association. Copyright 1996,American Society of Heating, Refrigerating&Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc., 1791 Tullie Circle NE,Atlanta,GA 30329. Reprinted by permission from the March 1996 Issue of ASHRAE Joumal. APPENDIX E GRAPEVINE MILLS TENANT HANDBOOK SEC Project No. 1796008-001 E-1 December 9, 1996 •N h •N 0� r � _ a LU o, Z u j Z < a. -- w 'N � (ice • 3 { S; o /_ a im m / &; i \ � I ■ � o ° �a 0 0 a 0 4 0 CC LU LU / (A LULU w 0 a� ) k ^ § « LL -« z 0 0 S § 3 k Z o z z \ 2 k k 2 � � J § 0 \2 z§ / § z z k k § k k \ v z C a « o o w « \ - § a o z a w 0 § k o 2 o k 2 a w o R 3 (U z o I Q o LU o � LL I W Q W z ( ■ L LLI \ 0 to \ 0 /0 / \ /f \ / / o �g o o 0 0 � q� o o c o 0 R® r4 44 & � .� ^ § � Q 0 0 0 LL 0 � � 0 ® Ln � \ } k 2 UJ ( L R � § z 2 � k « 2 / � « o 2 z � �� w w e u « 0 z e o z z « � e E g o - o Z o - j \ Lu u LL o § ) z k k § k \ co \ : E - z « « o o w « u ° o e ® R z Q u ® � J \ 2 } LL k \ g k § § k § k § z o L Q « o « z a o o « W o o « \U o z Q o o w U. ■ u � z \ ? o Lu 2 uj \ / \\ . \ / \\ \ / � \ L Z x. x cs ii. 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' �° N O O Y G Y V N 'L E C C Cc m E QO C b d L A E H U d y C d L ` p Z WZ m ICC03: W F• d C C F W N b O 7 d W L L C 3 0 L rJ O� O 00 C °� " !� L ro A V C L � C V - ro u - 'V, O w o . 0 o a w Eo a A 3 N ® (Y N O i A J L F c Ad"�' ••E L u ro y v ''bd Cj°roro�0 a V:N Wd 3 A N_a'.ro m E. c y imn O '.0+ 'C cro L E i F c O O xL° «C -0 3:> C „ ✓C ~ p r X L w c GL L i ro 3 o a O oro E° 9 b v E cc .O O C s O s�v U N O N c E o u c C ro o p ac 4 s E U N roC �.e.H L°.u O �� L0 0 U C 0 O U v V c t r ;0 N c C . 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J d y vcW 6 ro'a S C c L.0 O L W "L C' Y°A c u✓A v U W E c E d ✓ u 0' ✓ u A G �E d A U «A L VN c c W O W E v L o A m _ a'C �U O p c " � w O p O O A p 3d C 9 0 0 c O O O p= O A a E `o 5 E �`- LL C'= v E 3 E ' tiC A a v d E d E w v u m v 3 �° c c w Q �.-' •; `O v u E. d `w •° ° D b H ✓ L ✓L° u o o°o A i u O c ' ~ A O d A N d c A b p 7 c0 <G N W G J L iy '^�N d o . 2 .� v u L ✓ v 2 d a•� v — o CI - p m 3 0 c O O O G O ,O v b O c c O y v O uci y 3 d 11 C. O y V A d > > .J qc U U L A F' •qO N O N V O L E 0 7 E [E1 L a A -ro EM' a O eo N c L o O d E Z y 07 O L O W , O L c Au p c c O `n a w L -�Q '• uc O O O w E u u o LaL' L w Eu E , o O O > R Y. � m d` O w ✓O o ($ J 0 0 c� � �✓°' L L° Z N ° Q o a� 3 Z y Q •n Q c v d v po w o d p o w Q L F Q E ✓ N J �O N a A F"- O — r C N !^ . 00 U N — E v C ✓ C y d L o N' w n a m 2 OL C = A OCO C A t O X N E „ o C D r✓ N N 0 v c O u v C 0 O.• D C E A x O y 0 H d 0 O Z r X A u — y 0 u d j d C O C �y O E A 0 00 O C N M ~ d E Y > N d d v E E EY-' •E O E p E v ,rL° m aEi d u (L*,:'.. W L •p C c d n A = d OO A °S dd ° —° c r ` d d u o E y N p r; L 0 J — a 0 L C A L o E f E - S o u c y c N w a c 00 .. in c G = E= 1 N N J v J c o 9 w da p d d o 3 0 °L 5 a d o E d E A d o u a c °' N .w .�. ''y N N 00 .s, u o •� o a A `d °cE0 QO �^ o � eo " t! d u ro C cr _° ; 1: y u a Od n v IO L 9 d « • d y O O H d E A J 3 I o S W 1 c $ a A :H w u E a`i m ao ro ¢ d " j E i F P u E �, O. t A CA d .✓ O t d 9 .0 U L U O d N E H U U ~ ,Q ° J ., E V Q ...1 E c d v o J 2 $ 'u ' c .: d d A $ C _ C E .s+ O .� d v u d '^ 00 N O d L v W N O a C y. C O q Q L 0 C C j 0 A N Y `j E W E d Y y ✓ C L o ;`o E u ma c » E v m E d E d n_ bap. ` H rn E R E c E c fp o c o A da °' 'w n ' ` '� a� c E c c C E .� O D U C N O A b d d C L 2 N v o d E P E y d O. d C = •C W dd N N Cd �` E w O1 n C o L o _ c d v v aC =d iu a E C E o b O c S v c o c E « a= A L o[ u«o h U A C E C C U Do d A ; U d V o o ° b m C = O R n '� Y a y 3 c a U 'd . ° L d 'v u L c E d C 3 a u d d d e s O u L d c o d a d A x a d L o o re u 3 Q L L4 A �o L r U U d a H v « F f 'L — d G o .r, E IN S a c u 0 EE A A C N C ..0 cAC`m, d rs a 0 E U E y U N O O d ; d h E 0 'a A E O N; O ` p E E u o c o ° o m z � c o A am — . 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E - A u 22 E W A OI c 02 O y h L « ° A C l � Od A T b h U y U W C I p c_ O « a > o O p L b F°' d' ~ A F C D a o f v E v o 01 �( O a V U V E• L U Y E OC V A N V N N c c .9 '.", Y v ? L 0 o A o o W w Q c c L .i y L c Z V J L c p ^ U L Y U V .0 1 W w A c o c $8 c d o c o E W Q 0 A " « c w c . ' H i �n L O F> H.c d icZ o 0 ~U O a 4 °u F- c E O ~Cc V O r o H o L 0 a O d v V O° U u o r O 0 o c ov o c c 72 ° Q c$ c L W O cm Q i y Ucc QHhcc b �c L A 5F3 « 3 f — O eV nr n A e N o cvL 0 'N �V V � h F- 0 - a y O zO - Z F m v w z0 � � w Q � .N � •- W Q Q 4 V •N � 4O c � • Z O I O a d O U N J J_ W f� 0 0 0 0 00 0 0 0 o o ! 0 0 P� w w d 0% o M LU i i I ~ °C a P Z E Zj H Z W W QW li Z W uj 7 U 0 to a I0 � �' 0: O uj v Qzo } a� � � �, LU z W C: Q r f J o W Z Ci Q Q x U 0I 0 0 Q c o C O O� W vii vWi o U F W Q J U U I I N w Q OLL �C i- Q H m F W 0 J J J Q J J 0 � W o m H U U Z o Q Z C C Q w Y F 0 W x Q Q W W Y. 3 F f' H F F o Z o � Z Z Z W I > J J U m Z Z Z Z Z o Q o Q W W Z U I 4 W LL W Q LL . Z LL Z a F l7 E vai �FW- Q N Z J O J w U z W CL O < oc � F— Z Z 0 0 CL w 0 U F w S 1- L N m •O .0 17 L O d O m y O W J V •D Y N N N U 1 v A ry X O T A d ,0 b > d d L d i s d C E A 6 Q > OCO J A �... C C D _ A d A A 0 m m m v V_a'•>C d A3>'Ll 4, C�a U E-•«j i d-UL t<L07 4 0 V a<"EC d VE NA v'y>-`J A L r.a�d�d N+' z Cv',cry Wa�-vcv A�"°Q 3 c dA'" u`�W_N u d 3wN td Ou n e u"d NA, m a�a°E d,' v-'dcU° «a n v 6 c d E A a L3^([D A 9�41 c Oj.�v d 4 r o n awy N5 v l Z v 3 C vVm�yv`9ci m=F 0A Ay d,4 a V UL m aaJ E.N U+. o m o p o o o O 'y v o D c o c a-o- 0 = c O o c c 0 Ed 0 o 0 oCC - 3 1`o«0 o c L Eu O C d C =E 9 c p 0 0 0 ` U L AW O O HE N W C = a C U A,o >0« G b Lo O « u O �O L d T U o o N F L O o d E 0 O r E U E 5 c u- a- °° - a ee E uF � 0 o > 0 Erov n .dc w .w « 0 A L c d s c m - E od v 9 « c A d o a A r b o t d c r c o v o aA c mH °«E F y E J v w a o .zo; E a d m d w d o d v -u J E av c O «3° N- O L A O P U d VU P w L E o m c> cC A « u 5 2 ? V 7 w t2 t w 0 U. = N E LLJ C 0 O O O O u v Z w r o C c $ c d�n « N m a E u -W moo �C N d F9P i4 dv co d L` 1 c o N w '° `o v v o b U a, ors m v v U L, °-_ H T 0 a c A o N Y LU v « o c o d � c m H m a. c > E > o > = `o o v d a F F E a` o N N c - u _ d d c = 5a ma :aaUa .`, = v c E = d E = o °'' 0 00 °' 4E1 u o - C 2 a w w m E w w 4ui v C m�` C C Q4u1 o f °c' E d E d E E Q A c A m > « o v E A y a d L E L E L E L E c A .� 3 ;y c •; a Y o't v » - Q b ,d, ~ .d. d >. y A o A p N ,O A O p % c - 0 E 00 Vim °- F ,vaF � iN �o = iCV � A � A � A2AZ Hd riS � � av = m � aH « d C C « j C d V o !� u a d d A V C O 0 d m N N a C d Z L o D 6 C .ti w C d C A w d O L C « S W U > x F C UO J d •� a 0 d N C L C y tJ N O _ N 8 d lL C u d L Z d Q o L " wJi V y L « f- J C C C « O C A o a$ A N « O J L V O L ? v G O B O b d O A N d C J b TQ 4 o d J X �o C O W C .r A 4C Q N ; 0 a O - V r � N U J 'O a A « E v 'N a d „ ° o co V 00 c m C C 4ci o w y '�v v 41 o A o c 0 O A C b = d Q d b v w? N M, C n «n N O A `•� u a N A N A U M j a A j Q N Q O N C -cc «'1 O „ b N° E c c m? « o ac N LA « = `` ELL "c rs c n'o �d_ N „ U L Y d ` u U a a ° c « H A a d y g Z .0 J C O a A W V d C 'r y d t .2« M A j A m O d C = OO C 0> J W .�` « d C Q N A �0 .� $ u V d U L d b R A OG L A o p � H c L w « cc c � QaE .«5 ga A « .n W u v � r c 0, adm w U 'N' Y :+ c J = °' °v "' d p ° 'L^ o ` c g p ` rt F Ja C O O A d :n m > d A E N A d y.' C E 'S L 4X1 Y W d 0 y1 OJO ON J o y L ~ d Z H O o00 ly o c E d � v " w o n `o .`a `d ~ 3 E .`a � o � N vc � � " W L7 d Z H C L `o .. a _- W 41 d d __ L u L u d W W ~ g Z N d v Q 0 U u 4L1 A d A a A C c .9 Q v c c � T+ u •u d w 3 p o L7 O V Q .L EJd .L° S F- w N « C L u p b C T U ro U _ L L C C O Z c a.�«L A C v LA ai p L mp i o i�oN- tvc�yc r;` ?Y 6L+ =aN.3 W .c A y N T c Lv L A •' —c %w d_ —a E a L L v .L u 0 _�u' �y. .ro, a a_2 s`v d C A y y —aE o �, O L' a E— L-v w e C ro i y °0v L ;$ o ° DO O a S p a « O C u P u 3 L W a�iw>v i C o o ` ° c ° c U Oi $ 0 c 3 0> F >. °° M o C p0 A ro O O `C U d i CL 0 evo a m O c A o u T E b o o d « o u v v A c - •c ro c � c r o-c c o N y E 0 O E 0 w c ' y O V O 0 p a - 0 L I c 0 p.v E O 3: Op 0 0 -5 v E A v ro v 3 c = u v o nv 0 v y m A LLJ E y w ., ,o_co 0o J L L o f .'> g 't b c o v ti c `o X �0 .o p C v O o r v 3 W ° 0 .- u a p $ E L w o C 0 'mo -�N, n c y u :� = M q Q o « a c S a c ~ z b > c c o c a ° v a a C o; oo o m A E 0 d ° .E LL o D a o c A 00_N oo v O o p L V T = U L > LO ~ C Yl V L M y d ro GI o u E y a o d o a H o L i c o ^� Q c = _ v E ; o ro w „ v a`� -O c c o 'v r c_ N .v, v v y .O c E v ro -_ L d o 0 J w e v u - c d 0 w c � c A o L`-- ~ `L' a J C C L L L p C O A C U ` J ro 4 c A L O c C O — C U d V L Y D F ° p c H L v L C v 3 0 N 0 > .L, 1 aw O °t O t > v O c c ° wE u w v eoc .« 0 J ro >. o A c d A 3 c N c `S 0 0 0 c _ v L c ro u 3 u C c n N N p P ✓ > .0 0 W O .p c � T j o .� d m c Z v° LL N E '=y y C Z « N d Y L W « W OL ro CO a v 0 b A ; v =a c c 0 0 '^ b L v a v c c 3 ' L c v v E F y c L « L L L O p O O 0 O �O C C W A c o v u n a Y c E ° v a "d 0 w 3 0 L n,O m y c p O q = A v O A .p W d u N L c C c ° O T 6 0 u}0 Q L C m E p d u ^ y C £ n i E c — u Ev p O ? v v c E u C O C A 0 O L v c 0 « :L 0 p = o ouc o O y~ 00 O o b D d o p W y ~ D p C O ~ W C O d b p p p o v U L V - < < N - b Y C V N d L V A >. E U .D A y N H 3 N O ; L A y O O m N 4 'C C U d p G O y T C y A d OO C U O C O ll, O L " O p 0 O C . " W p O V J OF u 'O O p d L tb N O >AC O > U J C C c v 3 A 3 c h �o a c F- d v c U L o A N d p o, sao Q c n u c 0 A c 0c L v c d s a N L Um o0 .6 J 5 y o _o m- H v M C v y o 0 v O w ? N°Y a v ° c -? ~ O m -5 o F c 0 O O u 3 w F v y ° p u lY a E O 7 c c n 4 w O E � E w 0 U Lw 3 EO av Q i o y c c v o lll-> O E 0 O O v>. v s c Y N r m v r c „c U E p E "d E o 0 a oo — c u L S •• O 3 C v >' t; A p c « 0 p � _ r v) 0 L A O Ae ° c O Lp c E o P —u v S m u Q E d D E L L a « c n >» w 0 $ .o 0 r4 0 C,o d•O`-' iN N`v c e Q di r L L O U a a O C O O O 0 W p i A L S O N A - 0 L Y C C T N a a 6 L N Q d f d p N u E N 0 E d U G G d d-U d A o d E c N v v �+ c •p— > N N g _ 3 a 3 N o -L .`e My— ,OF- W -a ` f b v u E A N E L = c 0 y, Q .a. c c v n 5 u c c d o u o w a .a+ y « `-^ c ° c f i c > > O F01 p E v `a a« a 3 a $ U F .4 '� r .g w 1d n `p L-' a c .O O`1N tl V'd O E c p e?�] `.a Xy->.E L•'„u a L i 'n.d L-", F fv d mc, L r.S"r a O i nu cN .d E W+ H N�a QiN c c -w L Y d C L O t p c r.LOL L$,d„a„, a a c t u' of a Ww Q d a` E a O _c o V aO Q l Y a�J c o £E$ E A E r L F'W c «E d tl p o c L a E o 0 G u O L —L O 0 o m '_ uo ` L c oC ;5 v a - < c A r° O d 0 9 .. m ` o ' a u a L L o u i o A p c a O b c a d E a a a Q - 0 o c = Z. E ° O =u to 0 O O C p _ o °O � O O Q ° C U E c eC N O w G o a3 ` d a Y E E o z ° v ° v > E � 3 = v3 .0 M - ` ¢ dwo aX F aXw ` QG 3w ° ¢ L .O - C 4 , ON ° �! O a ', U d 'D Y N N H V d .p A N A 3 q d i a a d c '> c n a u E v . c w L c c E 5 .a a c ao c i c a. '> �° Q �`-. 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A p d u b W b O d E C y d � L L V L N d C « d V d A N O N �• .p C :d « a Y _N E 1C 2 L C7 b y L o o .r. 6 u a G L « w U C O d L U y M d a d E V C C .e . O L 2d Y y U d X N O C a L •L w O L ` L L d C C a Q L Y L O CO C Y a d a L ' A !d. aL d = O — CO > A C u Op R d O p ¢ N �a D. y O ww ` W. Cc �' c E n c 00 w d a aci o w E A Y O n y �° M O ? a 2 p a Q N � O c YO « c 'u c O V J M �'' W v !. O b0'�+ d V) A IO O N L YO d 00 M > A N d A « d Q � vai d y £ '« a d ,o` ` a w E `m E .�+ y e FE r v O` �a F r u 00 'O a v c 3 E a u Lo P 3 c 'Y' E p1 m L I aci z E °w n a N c E v us., � b -0 a « � $ wOcLd3uc= « Q �pp" cc@a3 Qw Y J .� p •N a Q d d '=y Q p u a. n Q O O 3 d L y N > - « > d d ~ L C O L « L U C d A O M N p R N O 7s L 3 N N 0 > OO C L d a Qj 'v a E L itl E C R Y H a dp C !. F- 00= C Q R L Y d u : a o o « v ° .. v o` ° u o .K o u v cd �a „ A E m ugvaiQEaL d ,° '� ? v .ov Es E r: b b 8 J Q U U w ZcCw z Q �. a LLI U w oC WJU w z 0 0 iL 0 V J J W F J y fC L O C O C N A L„q u C A u W OU y'a j o ac J A .c a c 4, LL v w_Y•ro u vL p n L L o A LL L A C � °O O K A 0 wC a 0 S A E o p O O u c L F p c , p o v L a "E r o V t 0 Y� 'N $ E o° o U o O E a r o v E 0 E o2 E o L A x mw o v $Cv C O u n y 0 t t v a C 5 — C w t v >LL L o O O o c v it d ° O p C , p . U 0 m E v •°v = L C A o O = U C iJ 14 1L O C I � O A O m A t a 3 A a J O 01 2 t E W C d d N � a u a v ` 8 � i I t u c O w LL o g a U m n AU c $ d m m A G ' V v � o L c L y t « - A : a Q J u H 0 .0+ 0 0 - O a a c at Jug „ a I y p A u c Q m E 3 m o .L+ q .a. H y m ,« y rt 0 > > 0 'n O d w 00 L L c L d c_ L 0' O O LL V V L O C N O E ` 'r .c E a ., a D E ^+ .9 u E c c u w v 'ao u0 a w .NO U . ..J O ., i s O A c u c a 0 0 ` c N aci L .0 •° A Q � a d a t N v e O n L A d .L, o a o T c 3 t E d „ '.a ,_o A u c dd'' A E w� a y °° o J 0 E t 3 `a y 9 Y 19 0 c v t c E c d L J S 2 .c A U o $ LL ♦' N y 0 t U C L v� a A l A a� d N V) d'J d >` A Q l w C C 3 >. y a 1 c o 2 02 i 'a y L' y v 2 v Cc 3 o c — d A °" c° t � 0 2 �� �, m o p .n w O ` 6 u b ~ t -� w a n O U O N V .m a 6 „ C_ 2 0 ,a, A �, 3 La, v n.a te .« L H L .L. a o aci E ro t '� a c != t d c �°o Q u W E $ c o N u o c v N v c c c� H L+ c `u o 0 o v m u o C v j' M C. u « o ° .5 o w - a w d A .^_� ea= :, v t d a y L H _w Q 0 N Cc H .3 3 w u r A t a u t 'co u u ° c 0 fl ° u L c 2 a E m t 3 A N 2 g A A C a O c a A / C N O d C v •u — w c c E a. 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N 5 a O S v J A N d L O a E o ° $ o u° " v y C N ° o a Y d O T c N E E u T p ' O p 0 .E u a E u 0 °u w N L o y T d L n A v a m cm L b d A a N a « •3 L C J y N a� fla v b 0 C L 3 y c n v n C eo C ,;;d L '° Y p Y G ; v` s o .E '9 J o O J U v .E E 2- v a o v w O O d a d v .p, C a a y O .cc m 0 "c c v v o c w v d 'E a L L N a m '> 'u n E v c w a r d E v d < < c v•�' O E w v Jv.``o c a °c u l7 a s C7 ar A o c c Y O c c N u « c C N N .; C a c c n w c o a 3 W 3 v u Q p > A n V o a a m V '� 7� L w v E N o: d v N cN > a a F p p N " LL v F D W ; E .5 ac° o v 0 �e w Av i0 d w L Y (a c L Y m .; c >. 6 L y a v v c w L Y E v N L v m a ` v y C N Y a m t .: C y r '> j 0 O u a u 'o m £ p 'o = u v O J = u O v 9 .o m L b W 1%1 F- Q d u .o d d W C LL ° �!.�( C �O % u . r L a L Q F- L a W Q Y. w U > N I] O r bO M L APPENDIX F CITY CORRESPONDENCE SEC Project No. 1796008-001 F-1 December 9, 1996 H/ SO RMER ENG INEERING CORPORATION 707 LAKE COOK ROAD ♦ DEERFIELD, ILLINOIS 600'15-4997 ♦ PHONE (647) 272-8340 ♦ FAX (847) 272-2639 WRITER'S EXTENSION: 222 May 20, 1996 *VIA FAX 214/871-7023 Mr. Charlie Dodson* RTKL Associates 2828 Routh Street Suite 200 Dallas, TX 75201 Re: Grapevine Mills Grapevine, Texas SEC Project No. 1796008-001 Dear Mr. Dodson: The following will serve to summarize the items discussed at our meeting with the City of Grapevine, held May 13, 1996. The Request for Alternate Method, dated May 10, 1996, which addresses the major discussion items, was distributed and reviewed. 1 . The proposed public address system has been revised such that public address will be provided in the public corridors serving restrooms and Main Street areas only. It was understood and the city agreed that the public address system will not be required to meet NFPA standards. Visual devices will not be required. 2. The issue of service areas opening onto service corridors remains open to discussion. The city will review the issue further, once the design team determines the location of the service corridors and exi passageways. 3. The possibility of omitting fire hose valve outlets at the interior corridors was discussed. Schirmer Engineering Corporation (SEC) will prepare a drawing indicating proposed fire hose valve outlet locations and resulting hose lengths. The city agreed to review the revised locations. 4. The city agreed to review the smoke management system activation method submitted by SEC. The current proposal is to provide duct smoke detectors in the supply and return air ducts of the HVAC systems serving the tenant spaces. Activation of the smoke management system will be by means of sprinkler waterflow, duct smoke detection, or manually at the security office. Fire Protection Engineering . Code Consulting . Loss Control . Security System Design i Grapevine Mills - 2 - May 20, 1996 Grapevine, Texas I 5. The issue of combined roof drainage and overflow system was discussed. ARJO and SEC will prepare criteria outlining the proposed method and submit it to the city for further review. 6. The city has requested additional information regarding grease traps for further consideration. The city was referred to the criteria discussed in the April 29, 1996 ARJO letter. Please do not hesitate to call if you have any questions or comments. Sincerely, SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION C&f a'Au' Carl F. Baldassarra, P.E. President mk:kd(r/ssr/wb) cc: N. Sharr, TMC* 954/846-2311 R. White, W&C* 703/448-5354 S. Dyer, CBD* 817/481-0369 W. Bonisch, SEC* 214/234-2753 F SCHIRA4HR ENGINEERING CORPORATION 707 LAKE COOK ROAD ♦ OEERRELO, ILLINOIS 60015-4997 ♦ PHONE (847) 272-8340 ♦ FAX (8471 272-2639 WRITER'S EXTENSION: 284 June 28, 1996 Mr. Scott Williams VIA FEDERAL EXPRESS City of Grapevine PRIORITY SERVICE 307 W. Dallas Avenue P. O. Box 95104 Grapevine, TX 76099 Re: Meeting Minutes Grapevine Mills Grapevine, Texas SEC Project No. 1796008-001 Dear Scott: Thank you for meeting with us on June 25, 1996. Enclosed are the minutes of the meeting, as well as the additional drawings referred to in the minutes. We look forward to hearing from you and Dick Ward next week. Please contact me if additional information or clarification is needed. I plan to be in town on July 9, 1996 and can get together with you again, if necessary. Thank you for your cooperation. Very truly yours, SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION Carl F. Baldassarra, P.E. President pl(r/ssr) Enclosures cc: N. Sharr, TMC (w/enclosures) J. Salvia, M-S E. Collazo, TMC L. Schlitz, NSE D. Vahrenkamp, TMC (w/enclosures) B. Witcher, HCB J. Krantz, TMC W. Bonisch, SEC (w/enclosures) C. Dodson, RTKL (w/enclosures) Fire Protection Engineering . Code Consulting Loss Control Security System Design i t The COG will review the information in the June 19, 1996 letter and the ARJO drawing of the roof drainage piping to be sent to COG by SEC and will respond to the proposal. 7. SEC presented the design team's proposal concerning the two sanitary drains at the compactors for food court tenants. It was clarified that the compactors will be on an elevated pad to minimize storm water from entering the sanitary system. The COG requested assurance from The Mills Corporation that the compactors are to be "permanent" installations, minimizing the potential of the drains experiencing storm water if they were to be left uncovered. SEC reiterated that it is the intent of The Mills Corporation that the facilities not be left uncovered for any length of time. COG is to review and indicate if any further documentation is needed. 8. It was agreed that, in general, the roof drain piping in the building can be of PVC since the typical use of the piping is not within a plenum. If, however, piping is located in a space above a ceiling that is effectively a "compartment" by the construction of walls and a ceiling, such piping would need to be either non- combustible or wrapped/boxed in with materials having the necessary flame spread/smoke developed ratings. 9. In a follow-up conversation on June 26, 1996, the COG indicated that the trap primers are necessary for condensate drains if they are used exclusively for that purpose. The concern is that since the air conditioning systems are not used at all times of the year, the traps can dry out and allow sewer gases to enter the structure. The above represents our understanding of the issues, discussions and agreements. Kindly notify us within 10 days should there be any discrepancies. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 June 28, 1996 f^� MEETING MINUTES GRAPEVINE MILLS GRAPEVINE, TEXAS Attendees: Scott Williams, City of Grapevine (COG) Dick Ward, City of Grapevine (COG) Warren Bonisch, Schirmer Engineering Corporation (SEC) Carl Baldassarra, Schirmer Engineering Corporation (SEC) 1 . The Schirmer Engineering Corporation (SEC) letter and attachments thereto were reviewed which provide additional information requested at a previous meeting. 2. The issue of normally unoccupied service rooms fronting on exit passageways was discussed. SEC indicated that the design team has located each room off the exit passageway where practical, but several rooms presently are located on the passageways as shown on drawing 01/03. SEC suggested automatic detection to compensate for the fact that the rooms are normally unoccupied. It was also noted that these rooms would have smoke control and be separated from the passageway by minimum 1-hour construction. The City of Grapevine expressed concern over this issue and wanted to study it further. SEC will provide COG with a revised drawing that identifies the various rooms located on the exit passageway. Following this review, the COG is to advise SEC if a continued concern will exist. 3. The drawing showed a minor area of the mall with an exit travel distance of 212 feet. This was considered acceptable to the COG with no modifications. 4. SEC presented drawing 01/04 showing the proposed locations of fire hose outlets for fire department use, along with the resulting hose lay distances. It was noted that distances of greater than 300 feet. result in the two central exit passageways near the travel entrances. SEC suggested that two additional hose outlets be provided to reduce these distances. The COG is to review the drawing and respond concerning their approval of the proposal. 5. SEC agreed to provide Dick Ward an extra set of exit capacity calculations and exit travel distance drawings for his use. 6. The proposed roof drainage piping plan was discussed. The design team is proposing to connect the overflow drainage piping downstream of the horizontal to vertical elbow of the normal roof drainage piping system. Also, no combined piping will be less than 8 inches in diameter. The engineers calculated an over- design in typical risers of 137%, 69% for below slab piping, and 8 to 28% for stub-outs. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 June 28, 1996 SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION 707 LAKE COOK ROAD ♦ OEERRELD, ILLINOIS ECO15-4997 ♦ PHONE [e471272-8340 A FAX(847) 2722539 WRITER'S EXTENSION: 222 October 8, 1996 Mr. Scott Williams* City of Grapevine *VIA Federal Express 307 W. Dallas Avenue P.O. Box 95104 Grapevine, Texas 76099 Re: Meeting Minutes Grapevine Mills Grapevine, Texas SEC Project No- 1796008-001 Dear Scott: Thank you for meeting with us on July 9, 1996. Enclosed are the minutes of the meeting, as well as the additional drawings referred to in the minutes. Also enclosed is a memorandum summarizing our telephone conversation of September 23, 1996 regarding main electrical rooms. Please contact me if additional information or clarification is needed. Thank you for your cooperation. Sincerely, SCHIR1y1ER ENGINEERING CORPORATION ate Carl F. Saldassarra, P.E. President cs (r/ssr) enclosures cc: R. Ward, COG* (w/enclosures) N. Sharr, TMC* (w/enclosures) E. Collazo, TMC* J. Kranz, TMC* D. Coss, TMC* (w/enclosures) C. Dodson, RTKL* (w/enclosures) W. Bonisch, SEC* (w/enclosures) Fire Protection Engineering A Code Consulting Loss Control A Security System Design SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION i 707 LAKE COOK ROAD ♦ DEERFIELD, ILLINCIS 60015-4997 ♦ RHONE (947] 272-8340 ♦ FAx (8471 272-2639 MEETING MINUTES GRAPEVINE MILLS GRAPEVINE, TEXAS SEC Project No. 1796008-001 July 9, 1996 Attendees: Scott Williams, City of Grapevine (COG) Dick Ward, City of Grapevine (COG) Nick Sharr, The Mills Corporation (TMC) Carl Baldassarra, Schirmer Engineering Corporation (SEC) 1 . The location of fire hose outlets was approved with minor modifications. The approved locations are reflected on Drawing 01/04, dated September 6, 1996 (enclosed). These locations are to be included in the sprinkler system contract drawings prepared by Schirmer Engineering Corporation. 2. The City has not yet reviewed the roof drain calculations. This will be reviewed at a later date. - - (Note: The roof drain proposal was subsequently approved, per telephone conversation with Scott Williams on August 9, 1996). 3. Normally unoccupied rooms accessible from exit passageways will be approved, subject to the following: • Rooms will be enclosed with 2-hour rated walls to 12-feet above the floor. • Doors in such walls are to be 1 y:-hour rated and gasketed. • Rooms are to be sprinklered. Ceilings in the rooms are to be open to above to allow for smoke venting. 4. The City approved the use of sanitary drains at the exterior food court compactors. The above represents our understanding of the issues, discussions and agreements. Kindly notify us within 10 days should there be any discrepancies. Fire Protection Engineering A Code Consulting A Loss Control . Security System Design SCHIRA4ER ENGINEERING CORPORATION 707 LAKE COOK ROAD ♦ DEERRELD, ILLINOIS 60095-4997 ♦ PHONE 18471 272-8340 ♦ FAX (847] 272-2639 TELEPHONE CONFERENCE MEMORANDUM GRAPEVINE MILLS GRAPEVINE, TEXAS SEC Project No. 1796008-Oo1 September 23, 1996 Participants: Scott Williams, City of Grapevine (COG) Carl Baldassarra, Schirmer Engineering Corporation (SEC) 1. Automatic sprinklers may be omitted from the main electrical rooms, per the provisions on the USC. The room is required to be separated from the building by 3-hour rated separations. Smoke detection, connected to the building alarm system, is to be provided in these rooms. Fire Protection Engineering A Code Consulting A Loss Control A Security System Design 4w CONTRACTORS FAX MEMO TO: Jack PUrsley PHONE: ARJO Engineers FROM: Steve Barnett FAX: (214) 5207897 Project Engineer DATE: October 1, 1996 �{�`---=1(r ,o — RE: Grapevine Milts Mall OCT 1 1996 � i ..i SDR 35 vs. Schedule 40 PVC �-- __1 MESSAGE: Nick Sharr asked me to forward the following information to you for your review. The following pages regard the alternative to use SDR 35 instead of Schedule 40 PVC as drainage in the building under the slabs. Nick asks that you review this information and return to us a letter with your recommendation on the proposal. We need this information as quickly as possible to begin ordering the material. Drew and Nick are meeting at this time to discuss the issue. Please call me or Drew if you have any questions. Thanks Steve TOTAL NUMBER OF PAGES(INCLUDING THIS MEMO) 7 Dallas Office (214) 965-1100 Jobsite (817) 251.4774 Fax (817) 251.4782 Pager (214) 362-5743 E-Mail steveb @beckgrp.com i' 10/01 /96 'I'1'h: 14::1a P:\.0 817 2:41 4782 IICn CR:\PI•;\'I.VI? r�009 Project Memorandum CONTRACTORS TO: Nick Sharr Mills Management FROM: Steve Barnett Project Engineer DATE: October 1, 1996 RE: Grapevine Mills Mall SDR 35 Alternate to Sch.40 pipe MESSAGE: The following pages have been submitted to HCB by TD Mechanical to assist in the approval of the use of SDR 35 piping on the project as compared to Schedule 40 PVC piping. The first page is a letter from Jim Underwood, the technical director of the SDR 35 manufacturer, North American Pipe. Corporation . He states that under the conditions present in this project (i.e. structures less than 100' in height), they have no reservations concerning the use of their product. Also attached are charts referenced from the PVC Handbook of Design and Construction which compare the pressure ratings and wall thickness of the two piping designs, and a listing of projects where SDR 35 piping has been used under similar conditions. If you need any further assistance or information in resolving this proposal, please let us know. SB 17(111 Pacific Avenur.Suite 3800•Uallus,Texas 75201-4619•2149ti5-1100•Fu?PIA(,ti_1 JUU 4 nernlwr nl h IF atC<GROI U+ 1/96 T[1) 14 : aG 1 :A.0 317 _^ .1732 11 11 Cl2:1 II Ii1'I NI{ 200 U..' ?VOrth American pi e P4°nr; 80a/999-74T3 CO-rporation ?901 S. Pas[O¢,t$oaltva�d gnerton, T` 77055 October 1, 1996 To Whom It May Conceal: It 18 our understanding tb l the rNW--rtcd the une ofPVC cnYlncurs dcsigllinY the ClrapevinC F•679 (7-1, SDR-35) sizes 1Pd" o��c�ed to ASTM D-3034 (SD p,-35) ZM 61 ' Tom, have are the respotlsibilitY of the architect or drsr!roof ( R-35) 6" - IS", a �q acnzar eha n I�ticliians of an pecifrc d",, the nsc of PVC PIP=S ma++ul3crured to eaEinem, We have no tc Y e roof ASTM D-3034 (SDR•35 7al Z°9`rvntiUUi rcgArding Bc m suucflzrr less q= 100 fart high. Wa ) and ASTM F-679 (T^1 9DR.33)fnr resazautad join be used above grade, (b) trial su reco+umend that ' 1p the frandb°ok ofPYC P slwnded, nbwo (3)solvent weld or othcrwiso ° P Pr be suPP •tcd as des about mound Plpe b�Protcc fr� d"d Cansmucrfon, third oditlon, Pp, 264 _ o 265, zrJbcd mechanical imp¢ct_ sad (c) that the F1p°manufactured to ASTMD-3034 (5bR 3S) and ASTMF_679 (T-1, SDR-35) are siso suitabIc for tUtdlcrgrotmd �MvRY flow drainage Such Pipes have u, accor[I with ASTM D-2412 minimum pipe stlffucsa o excess of 20 feet The nffats of a �d art o8,en used In gtavity IIow a f 46 lbs./in./ln. when ad c Ji a a discussed ' �fic°arth loads and bvlyn d, on � ed P VC Pipes is jVav�ly flow Trench dwi iheh'°�+1001 o PY will be lcasc unQcrgruund 1c3`tJ 6c)n h farmati= is available t'"cuon We P Provide e.copy ofthu H tom the fa"�b"rd di ok °'p• 106f. free to call 'no or Charley burin&n at 900-999-7473. equeyt, Ifyon have Bay quo plc feel Very tzwY Yours, 011 oac� "m Undtrwo xt Technical Director 10/01/96 Tur 13:10 tT%/RY NO 50421 0002 t ARJO ENGINEERS, INC. October 2, 1996 Mr. Nick Sharr The Mills Corporation 3000 Grapevine Mills Parkway, Suite 200 Grapevine, Texas 76051 Re: Grapevine Mills ARJO Project No. 3603 Dear Nick: With regard to the storm drainage system for the above referenced Project and the attached information from North American Pipe Corporation, please note the following: I. Building Storm Drainage Piping Material and Installation Details: 1. North American Pipe Corporation, states that they have no technical reservations regarding the use of PVC-pipes manufactured to ASTM 0-3034 (SDR-35) and ASTM F-679 (T-1, SDR-35) for roof drainage in structures less than 100 feet high. 2. North American Pipe Corporation recommends the following: (A) Solvent weld or otherwise restrained joints be used above grade. (B) Suspended above ground pipe be supported as described in the Handbook of PVC Pipe Design and Construction, third edition, pp. 264 - 265. (C) The above ground pipe be protected from mechanical impact. 3. North American Pipe Corporation states that pipe manufactured to ASTM D-3034 (SDR-35) and ASTM F-679 (T-1, SDR-35) are suitable for underground gravity flow drainage and are often used in gravity flow applications at burial depths in excess of 20 feet. Trench design and underground installation information is available in the Handbook of PVC Pipe Design and Construction. II . Building Storm Drainage Design: 1. The Building Storm Drainage System (including roof and overflow drains) has been designed for a four (4") inch per hour rainfall rate. 2. The Building Storm Drainage Piping System (including vertical and horizontal piping) has been designed for a four (4") inch per hour rainfall rate based on a minimum horizontal pipe slope of 1/8" per foot. 4311 OAK LAWN,SUITE 680 . DALLAS,TEXAS 75219-2315 . (214) 520-7799 3. The roof and overflow drains occur at an elevation of approximately 22' -0" above the floor and the Building Storm Drain Piping Stubouts (for connection to the Site Storm Drainage System) occur at an elevation of 10' -6" (maximum) below the floor, plus a 5' -0" offset in the floor elevation equates to a total (maximum) piping height of 37' - 6". III. Summary: 1. North American Pipe Corporation does not design storm drainage systems; however, as a pipe manufacturer, North American Pipe Corporation believes that the PVC SDR-35, when manufactured and installed in accordance with their recommendations, is a reliable piping system, and has previously been successfully used for storm/gravity drainage systems for both above and below grade installations. 2. ARJO Engineers, Inc. does not design and manufacture piping: however. as an engineering design firm, ARJO believes that the Design of the Building Storm Drainage System for this Project meets the North American Pipe Corporation's recommendations for the use of PVC SDR-35 for gravity flow roof and underground drainage systems as follows: (A) The total (maximum) storm drainage piping height of 37' -6" for this Project is less than 100' -0" (maximum) recommended by North American Pipe Corporation. (B) The actual storm drainage piping burial depth of 10' -6" for this Project is less than the burial depths in excess of 20'-0" which are often used in gravity flow applications according to North American Pipe Corporation. (C) ARJO suggests that the piping installation include solvent weld joints for all above grade piping as recommended by North American Pipe Corporation and below-grade joints be gasketed. (D) ARJO suggests that the above ground supports, trenching, and underground installations be in accordance with the Handbook of PVC Pipe Design and Construction as recommended by North American Pipe Corporation. Based on the above information, ARJO recommends that the PVC SDR-35 be accepted in accordance with the 1991 UPC as "Other Approved Materials" for the rainwater piping system on this Project- If you have any questions and/or comments regarding the above, please let me know. Very truly yours, Jack Pursley President ARJO ENGINEERS, INC. JP/lw Attachments cc: Charlie Dodson - RTKL Carl Baldassarra, P.E. - Schirmer Engr. Corp. Howse, P.E. ARJO Rio-a-y6. SCHIRMER ENC . DALLAS I" ' 2142342753 OCT C 96 9 : 39 No . 003 P . 01 CITY OF GRAPEVINE DEVELOPMENT SERVICES P O BOX 95104 GRAPEVINE, TEXAS 76099 (817)481 -0360 L=GRAPEVINE FAX (817)424-0545 TO: W*az r&��ll � s IrzMr �:AGI! r IrLSI. `'(, A�LJq FROM: r-r wlu.1a.►-14 DATE: p7 o&-rglo SUBJECT: # OF PAGES: COMMENTS: r Yid T=L rike **"-o W-41'-14, • 1 s Z7 II u u r->O'L ✓b �L'�►2 35„ I o,�- 12 � u�r�z �.�.-�3 'I r� �"e.2r'•.� SL�r'� Zl�v 4O nf-t15 GI�IO►.I I tz ,J G�1 1 AtarTE •S I� 1�1�u T��L�IJ `<<E: ` •�'�+' t/G�.:'l.l �� < ��.-• "r`✓ " � I � -t-�L`. IrL. it TnTni o n I SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION 7C7 LAKE COOK ROAO ♦ CEERFIELO. ILLINOIS 60015-4997 ♦ PHONE [6471272-8340 ♦ FAX (8471 272-2639 WRITER'S EXTENSION: 222 Mr. Scott Williams' 'Via Fax Building Official City of Grapevine 307 West Dallas Avenue P. 0. Box 95104 Grapevine, TX 76099 Re: Meeting Minutes Grapevine Mills Grapevine, Texas SEC Project No. 1796008-001 Dear Scott: Thank you for meeting with us on November 6, 1996 to continue discussion concerning the normally unoccupied service rooms fronting on exit passageways. Attached are the minutes of our meeting. Thank you for-your cooperation. Please contact me if additional information or further clarification is needed. Very truly yours SSCCH`I�RQMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION �.�l"G - Carf F. Baldassarra, P.E. President Encl. cc: R. Ward, COG' C. Dodson, RTKL' E. Collazo, TMC' J. Pursley, ARJO' N. Sharr, TMC' P. Satkevich, M/S' D. Coss, TMC' W. Bonisch, SEC' Fire Protection Engineering ♦ Code Consulting . Loss Control ♦ Security System Design i SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION 707 LAKE COOK ROAD ♦ OEERFIELO, ILLINOIS 600154997 ♦ PHONE (647) 272-8340 ♦ FAX (6471 272-2639 MEETING MINUTES GRAPEVINE MILLS GRAPEVINE, TEXAS Project No. 1796008-000 Date: November 6, 1996 Attendees: Scott Williams, City of Grapevine (COG) Nick Sharr, The Mills Corporation (TMC) Carl Baldassarra, Schirmer Engineering Corporation (SEC) 1 . Mr. Williams indicated that the Meeting Minutes of July 9, 1996 concerning normally unoccupied service rooms accessible from exit passageways required further clarification. Mr. Williams desires a ceiling and smoke detectors in these rooms. 2. The design team evaluated the provision of a ceiling in these rooms. The installation of a ceiling is feasible, however, there is a concern that not venting- smoke will be detrimental to the overall protection scheme. 3. As a result of further discussion, it was agreed to provide the following additional features: a. A ceiling of one-hour rated construction, with 10% of the ceiling area open to allow gravity smoke venting into the volume above the room where it can eventually be exhausted from the building. b. Automatic sprinkler protection below the ceiling in the room, supplied from the overhead piping system. C. Automatic smoke detection, monitored by the building fire alarm system. The detector will cause an immediate alarm atthe Fire Command Room and will start the smoke control system if not acknowledged after an approved time delay period. 4. Carl Baldassarra indicated that SEC is preparing a revised copy of the "Fire Protection Program for Grapevine Mills" which will be distributed to COG upon completion. Fire Protection Engineering . Code Consulting A Loss Control . Security System Design 5. A meeting was arranged for November 26, 1996 at 10:00 A.M. for SEC to present the means of egress program for Grapevine Mills to the COG in greater detail. The meeting is expected to last approximately 4 hours. A conference room on the site is suggested. 6. SEC is preparing test and acceptance criteria for the smoke control system which will be sent to the COG for approval in the near future. 7. The proposed height of the IMAX and United Artist facilities was discussed. This is both a building code and zoning issue. Separate applications are necessary for each departmental review. After discussion, it appears that the height proposed for the United Artists space will not be a building code issue because the structure is decorative in nature. The IMAX space, however, is slightly greater than the allowable height for Type II-N construction. The COG will respond on this issue to TMC/SEC during the week of November 11 . The above represents our understanding of the issues, discussions and agreements. Kindly notify us within 10 days should there be any discrepancies. SEC Project No. 1796008-001 - 2 - November 6, 1996